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@kadinrabo
kadinrabo committed Sep 27, 2024
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22 changes: 11 additions & 11 deletions site/docs/relations/logical_relations.md
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Expand Up @@ -275,16 +275,16 @@ For some set operations, whether a specific record is included in the output and
* ...
* n: the number of times a record occurs in the nth secondary input

| Operation | Description | Examples | Output Nullability
|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| -----------------------------
| Minus (Primary) | Returns all records from the primary input excluding any matching rows from secondary inputs, removing duplicates.<br/>Each value is treated as a unique member of the set, so duplicates in the first set don’t affect the result.<br/>This operation maps to SQL EXCEPT. | MINUS<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {3}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{4} | The same as the primary input.
| Minus (Primary All) | Returns all records from the primary input excluding any matching records from secondary inputs.<br/>For each specific record returned, the output contains max(0, m - sum(n1, n2, …, n)) copies.<br/>This operation maps to SQL EXCEPT ALL. | MINUS ALL<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {3}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{2, 3, 3} | The same as the primary input.
| Minus (Multiset) | Returns all records from the primary input excluding any records that are included in *all* secondary inputs.<br/>This operation does have a direct SQL mapping. | MINUS MULTISET<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {1, 2, 3}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{3, 4} | The same as the primary input.
| Intersection (Primary) | Returns all records from the primary input that are present in any secondary input, removing duplicates.<br/>This operation does have a direct SQL mapping. | INTERSECT<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {2, 3, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{2, 3} | If a field is nullable in the primary input and in any of the secondary inputs, it is nullable in the output.
| Intersection (Multiset) | Returns all records from the primary input that match at least one record from *all* secondary inputs.<br/>This operation maps to SQL INTERSECT DISTINCT | INTERSECT MULTISET<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {2, 3}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {3, 4}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{3} | If a field is required in any of the inputs, it is required in the output.
| Intersection (Multiset All) | Returns all records from the primary input that are present in every secondary input.<br/>For each specific record returned, the output contains min(m, n1, n2, …, n) copies.<br/>This operation maps to SQL INTERSECT ALL. | INTERSECT ALL<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2, 3, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {2, 3, 3, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{2, 3, 3} | If a field is nullable in the primary input and in any of the secondary inputs, it is nullable in the output.
| Union Distinct | Returns all records from each set, removing duplicates.<br/>This operation maps to SQL UNION DISTINCT. | UNION<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {2, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {1, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} | If a field is nullable in any of the inputs, it is nullable in the output.
| Union All | Returns all records from all inputs.<br/>For each specific record returned, the output contains (m + n1 + n2 + … + n) copies.<br/>This operation maps to SQL UNION ALL. | UNION ALL<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {2, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {1, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 5, 1, 6} | If a field is nullable in any of the inputs, it is nullable in the output.
| Operation | Description | Examples | Output Nullability
|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| -----------------------------
| Minus (Primary) | Returns all records from the primary input excluding any matching rows from secondary inputs, removing duplicates.<br/>Each value is treated as a unique member of the set, so duplicates in the first set don’t affect the result.<br/>This operation maps to SQL EXCEPT DISTINCT. | MINUS<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {3}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{4} | The same as the primary input.
| Minus (Primary All) | Returns all records from the primary input excluding any matching records from secondary inputs.<br/>For each specific record returned, the output contains max(0, m - sum(n1, n2, …, n)) copies.<br/>This operation maps to SQL EXCEPT ALL. | MINUS ALL<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {3}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{2, 3, 3} | The same as the primary input.
| Minus (Multiset) | Returns all records from the primary input excluding any records that are included in *all* secondary inputs.<br/>This operation does not have a direct SQL mapping. | MINUS MULTISET<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {1, 2, 3}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{3, 4} | The same as the primary input.
| Intersection (Primary) | Returns all records from the primary input that are present in any secondary input, removing duplicates.<br/>This operation does not have a direct SQL mapping. | INTERSECT<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {2, 3, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{2, 3} | If a field is nullable in the primary input and in any of the secondary inputs, it is nullable in the output.
| Intersection (Multiset) | Returns all records from the primary input that match at least one record from *all* secondary inputs.<br/>This operation maps to SQL INTERSECT DISTINCT | INTERSECT MULTISET<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {2, 3}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {3, 4}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{3} | If a field is required in any of the inputs, it is required in the output.
| Intersection (Multiset All) | Returns all records from the primary input that are present in every secondary input.<br/>For each specific record returned, the output contains min(m, n1, n2, …, n) copies.<br/>This operation maps to SQL INTERSECT ALL. | INTERSECT ALL<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {1, 2, 3, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {2, 3, 3, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{2, 3, 3} | If a field is required in any of the inputs, it is required in the output.
| Union Distinct | Returns all records from each set, removing duplicates.<br/>This operation maps to SQL UNION DISTINCT. | UNION<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {2, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {1, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} | If a field is nullable in any of the inputs, it is nullable in the output.
| Union All | Returns all records from all inputs.<br/>For each specific record returned, the output contains (m + n1 + n2 + … + n) copies.<br/>This operation maps to SQL UNION ALL. | UNION ALL<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;p: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s1: {2, 3, 5}<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;s2: {1, 6}<br/>YIELDS<br/>{1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 5, 1, 6} | If a field is nullable in any of the inputs, it is nullable in the output.

Note that for set operations, NULL matches NULL. That is
```
Expand All @@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ The output type is as follows for the various operations
| Minus (Multiset) | (R, R, R, R, N, N, N, N)
| Intersection (Primary) | (R, R, R, R, R, N, N, N)
| Intersection (Multiset) | (R, R, R, R, R, R, R, N)
| Intersection (Multiset All) | (R, R, R, R, R, N, N, N)
| Intersection (Multiset All) | (R, R, R, R, R, R, R, N)
| Union Distinct | (R, N, N, N, N, N, N, N)
| Union All | (R, N, N, N, N, N, N, N)

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