test(frontend): add tests for schema change default value not to be refreshed (#17121)

[BugenZhao]

I hereby agree to the terms of the RisingWave Labs, Inc. Contributor License Agreement.

What's changed and what's your intention?

Adds an e2e test case showing that #17121 has been fixed (see more details there) by recent purification works:

• feat(frontend): lossy "purify" column default value #19993
• feat(frontend): use purified definition for replacing table #20131

Close #17121.

Checklist

• I have written necessary rustdoc comments.
• I have added necessary unit tests and integration tests.
• I have added test labels as necessary.
• I have added fuzzing tests or opened an issue to track them.
• My PR contains breaking changes.
• My PR changes performance-critical code, so I will run (micro) benchmarks and present the results.
• My PR contains critical fixes that are necessary to be merged into the latest release.

Documentation

• My PR needs documentation updates.

Release note