feat: [FC-0074] use linter for openedx-filters classes definitions

[mariajgrimaldi]

Description

This PR adds a new custom Pylint linter to check whether filter definitions docstrings follow a specific format:

        ...
        Purpose:
        ... (purpose)
        Filter Type:
            org.openedx.learning.certificate.render.started.v1
        Trigger:
            - Repository: openedx/edx-platform
            - Path: lms/djangoapps/certificates/views/webview.py
            - Function or Method: render_html_view

Proposed in docs/reference/documenting-filters-classes.rst. The purpose of this linter is to establish a standard for developers to follow when documenting filter classes in the repository.

This PR is a continuation of #246, which enforces the format introduced in the PR.

Testing instructions

1. Move to this branch
2. Create a new filter following the proposed format for the classes' docstring, then run pylint openedx_filters/learning/filters.py
3. Remove a section and review the output of pylint openedx_filters/learning/filters.py once again.

Deadline

None

Other information

This PR depends on openedx/edx-lint#480 and #246

Checklists

Check off if complete or not applicable:

Merge Checklist:

• All reviewers approved
• Reviewer tested the code following the testing instructions
• CI build is green
• Version bumped
• Changelog record added with short description of the change and current date
• Documentation updated (not only docstrings)
• Code dependencies reviewed
• Fixup commits are squashed away
• Unit tests added/updated
• Noted any: Concerns, dependencies, migration issues, deadlines, tickets

Post Merge:

• Create a tag
• Create a release on GitHub
• Check new version is pushed to PyPI after tag-triggered build is
  finished.
• Delete working branch (if not needed anymore)
• Upgrade the package in the Open edX platform requirements (if applicable)

[openedx-webhooks]

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