BigBIO: Biomedical Dataset Library

UPDATE For ease of use, many of our scripts are migrating to the Official BigBIO Hub. Please check it out!

BigBIO (BigScience Biomedical) is an open library of biomedical dataloaders built using Huggingface's (🤗) datasets library for data-centric machine learning. Our goals include:

• Lightweight, programmatic access to biomedical datasets at scale
• Promoting reproducibility in data processing
• Better documentation for dataset provenance, licensing, and other key attributes
• Easier generation of meta-datasets for natural language prompting, multi-task learning

Currently BigBIO provides support for:

• 126+ biomedical datasets
• 10+ languages
• 12 task categories
• Harmonized dataset schemas by task type
• Metadata on licensing, coarse/fine-grained task types, domain, and more!

Documentation

• Tutorials
  • Materializing Meta-datasets
  • Prompt Engineering and Evaluation
  • BigBIO Report Card (Unit tests, Benchmarks, and more)
  • Streamlit Visualization Demo
• BigBIO Data Cards
• Volunteer Project Board: Implement or suggest new datasets
• Contributor Guide
• Task Schema Overview

Installation

just want to use the package? pip install from github

pip install git+https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/biomedical.git

want to develop? pip install from cloned repo

git clone [email protected]:bigscience-workshop/biomedical.git
cd biomedical
pip install -e .

Quick Start

Initialize

Start by creating an instance of BigBioConfigHelpers. This will help locate and filter datasets available in the bigbio package.

from bigbio.dataloader import BigBioConfigHelpers
conhelps = BigBioConfigHelpers()
print("found {} dataset configs from {} datasets".format(
    len(conhelps),
    len(conhelps.available_dataset_names)
))

BigBioConfigHelper

Each bigbio dataset has at least one source config and one bigbio config. Source configs attempt to preserve the original structure of the dataset while bigbio configs are normalized into one of several bigbio task schemas

The conhelps container has one element for every config of every dataset. The config helper for the source config of the BioCreative V Chemical-Disease Relation dataset looks like this,

BigBioConfigHelper(
    script='/home/galtay/repos/biomedical/bigbio/biodatasets/bc5cdr/bc5cdr.py',
    dataset_name='bc5cdr',
    tasks=[
        <Tasks.NAMED_ENTITY_RECOGNITION: 'NER'>,
	<Tasks.NAMED_ENTITY_DISAMBIGUATION: 'NED'>,
	<Tasks.RELATION_EXTRACTION: 'RE'>
    ],
    languages=[<Lang.EN: 'English'>],
    config=BigBioConfig(
        name='bc5cdr_source',
        version=1.5.16,
        data_dir=None,
        data_files=None,
        description='BC5CDR source schema',
        schema='source',
        subset_id='bc5cdr'
    ),
    is_local=False,
    is_bigbio_schema=False,
    bigbio_schema_caps=None,
    is_large=False,
    is_resource=False,
    is_default=True,
    is_broken=False,
    bigbio_version='1.0.0',
    source_version='01.05.16',
    citation='@article{DBLP:journals/biodb/LiSJSWLDMWL16,\n  author    = {Jiao Li and\n               Yueping Sun and\n
Robin J. Johnson and\n               Daniela Sciaky and\n               Chih{-}Hsuan Wei and\n               Robert Leaman and\n
Allan Peter Davis and\n               Carolyn J. Mattingly and\n               Thomas C. Wiegers and\n               Zhiyong Lu},\n
title     = {BioCreative {V} {CDR} task corpus: a resource for chemical disease\n               relation extraction},\n  journal   =
{Database J. Biol. Databases Curation},\n  volume    = {2016},\n  year      = {2016},\n  url       =
{https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baw068},\n  doi       = {10.1093/database/baw068},\n  timestamp = {Thu, 13 Aug 2020 12:41:41
+0200},\n  biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/biodb/LiSJSWLDMWL16.bib},\n  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography,
https://dblp.org}\n}\n',
    description='The BioCreative V Chemical Disease Relation (CDR) dataset is a large annotated text corpus of\nhuman annotations of
all chemicals, diseases and their interactions in 1,500 PubMed articles.\n',
    homepage='http://www.biocreative.org/tasks/biocreative-v/track-3-cdr/',
    license='Public Domain Mark 1.0'
)

Loading datasets by config name

Each config helper provides a wrapper to the load_dataset function from Huggingface's datasets package. This wrapper will automatically populate the first two arguments of load_dataset,

• path: path to the dataloader script
• name: name of the dataset configuration

If you have a specific dataset and config in mind, you can,

• fetch the helper from conhelps with the for_config_name method
• load the dataset using the load_dataset wrapper

bc5cdr_source = conhelps.for_config_name("bc5cdr_source").load_dataset()
bc5cdr_bigbio = conhelps.for_config_name("bc5cdr_bigbio_kb").load_dataset()

This wrapper function will pass through any other kwargs you may need to use. For example data_dir for datasets that are not public,

n2c2_2011_source = conhelps.for_config_name("n2c2_2011_source").load_dataset(data_dir="/path/to/n2c2_2011/data")

Filtering by dataset properties

Some useful dataset discovery tools are available from the BigBioConfigHeplers

# all dataset name
dataset_names = conhelps.available_dataset_names

# all dataset config names
ds_config_names = [helper.config.name for helper in conhelps]

You can use any attribute of a BigBioConfigHelper to filter the collection. Here are some examples,

# public bigbio configs that are not extra large
bb_public_helpers = conhelps.filtered(
    lambda x:
        x.is_bigbio_schema
	and not x.is_local
	and not x.is_large
)

# source versions of all n2c2 datasets
n2c2_source_helpers = conhelps.filtered(
    lambda x:
        x.dataset_name.startswith("n2c2")
	and not x.is_bigbio_schema
)

from bigbio.utils.constants import Tasks
nli_helpers = conhelps.filtered(
    lambda x: Tasks.TEXTUAL_ENTAILMENT in x.tasks
)

You can iterate over any instance of BigBioConfigHelpers and store the loaded datasets in a container (e.g. a dictionary),

bb_public_datasets = {
    helper.config.name: helper.load_dataset()
    for helper in bb_public_helpers
}

Dataset metadata

The BigBioConfigHelper provides a get_metadata method that will calculate schema specific metadata for configs implementing a BigBIO schema. For example,

helper = conhelps.for_config_name('scitail_bigbio_te')
metadata = helper.get_metadata()
print(metadata)
{'train': BigBioTeMetadata(samples_count=23596, premise_char_count=2492695, hypothesis_char_count=1669028, label_counter={'neutral': 14994, 'entailment': 8602}), 'test': BigBioTeMetadata(samples_count=2126, premise_char_count=216196, hypothesis_char_count=153547, label_counter={'neutral': 1284, 'entailment': 842}), 'validation': BigBioTeMetadata(samples_count=1304, premise_char_count=138239, hypothesis_char_count=97320, label_counter={'entailment': 657, 'neutral': 647})}

More Usage

At it's core, the bigbio package is a collection of dataloader scripts written to be used with the datasets package.

All of these scripts live in dataset specific directories in the bigbio/biodatasets folder. If you cloned the repo, you will find the bigbio directory at the top level of the repo. If you pip installed the package from github, the bigbio directory will be in the site-packages directory of your python environment.

You can use them with the load_dataset function as you would any other local dataloader script if you like. For example, if you cloned the repo

from datasets import load_dataset
dsd = load_dataset("bigbio/biodatasets/anat_em/anat_em.py", name="anat_em_bigbio_kb")

In addition there is a convenience function that will provide the kwargs that should be used,

load_dataset_kwargs = conhelps.for_config_name("n2c2_2011_source").get_load_dataset_kwargs(data_dir="path/to_data")
print(load_dataset_kwargs)
{
    'path': '/home/user/repos/biomedical/bigbio/biodatasets/n2c2_2011/n2c2_2011.py',
    'name': 'n2c2_2011_source',
    'data_dir': 'path/to/data'
}
dsd = load_dataset(**load_dataset_kwargs)

Benchmark Support

BigBIO includes support for almost all datasets included in other popular English biomedical benchmarks.

Task Type	Dataset	BigBIO (ours)	BLUE	BLURB	BoX	DUA needed
NER	BC2GM	✓		✓	✓
NER	BC5-chem	✓	✓	✓	✓
NER	BC5-disease	✓	✓	✓	✓
NER	EBM PICO	✓		✓
NER	JNLPBA	✓		✓	✓
NER	NCBI-disease	✓		✓	✓
RE	ChemProt	✓	✓	✓	✓
RE	DDI	✓	✓	✓	✓
RE	GAD	✓		✓
QA	PubMedQA	✓		✓	✓
QA	BioASQ	✓		✓	✓	✓
DC	HoC	✓	✓	✓	✓
STS	BIOSSES	✓	✓	✓
STS	MedSTS	*	✓			✓
NER	n2c2 2010	✓	✓		✓	✓
NER	ShARe/CLEF 2013	*	✓			✓
NLI	MedNLI	✓	✓			✓
NER	n2c2 deid 2006	✓			✓	✓
DC	n2c2 RFHD 2014	✓			✓	✓
NER	AnatEM	✓			✓
NER	BC4CHEMD	✓			✓
NER	BioNLP09	✓			✓
NER	BioNLP11EPI	✓			✓
NER	BioNLP11ID	✓			✓
NER	BioNLP13CG	✓			✓
NER	BioNLP13GE	✓			✓
NER	BioNLP13PC	✓			✓
NER	CRAFT	*			✓
NER	Ex-PTM	✓			✓
NER	Linnaeus	✓			✓
POS	GENIA	*			✓
SA	Medical Drugs	✓			✓
SR	COVID				private
SR	Cooking				private
SR	HRT				private
SR	Accelerometer				private
SR	Acromegaly				private

* denotes dataset implementation in-progress

Citing

If you use BigBIO in your work, please cite

@article{fries2022bigbio,
	title = {
		BigBIO: A Framework for Data-Centric Biomedical Natural Language
		Processing
	},
	author = {
		Fries, Jason Alan and Weber, Leon and Seelam, Natasha and Altay,
		Gabriel and Datta, Debajyoti and Garda, Samuele and Kang, Myungsun
		and Su, Ruisi and Kusa, Wojciech and Cahyawijaya, Samuel and others
	},
	journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.15076},
	year = 2022
}

Acknowledgements

BigBIO is a open source, community effort made possible through the efforts of many volunteers as part of BigScience and the Biomedical Hackathon.