Always use llvm-strip #431

Job	Run time
abs_paths_test	2m 15s
xcompile_test	3m 10s
container_test (archlinux)	3m 10s
container_test (debian)	3m 10s
container_test (fedora)	3m 32s
container_test (suse_leap)	4m 41s
container_test (suse_tumbleweed)	3m 55s
container_test (ubuntu_20_04)	3m 27s
container_test (ubuntu_22_04)	2m 53s
container_test (linux_sysroot)	3m 8s
test (macos-latest, run_tests.sh, latest)	3m 25s
test (macos-latest, run_tests.sh, 5.1.0)	3m 8s
test (macos-latest, run_external_tests.sh, latest)	16m 37s
test (ubuntu-latest, run_tests.sh, latest)	2m 42s
test (ubuntu-latest, run_tests.sh, 5.1.0)	2m 17s
test (ubuntu-latest, run_external_tests.sh, latest)	9m 43s
sys_paths_test	3m 36s
	1h 14m 49s

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