Git-Commands

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Introduction

This repository serves as a cheat sheet for common Git commands and best practices. Whether you're a beginner looking to get started with Git or an experienced developer wanting to brush up on your Git skills, you'll find useful information here.

Table of Contents

• Basic Git Commands
• Getting Started with Git
• Committing Changes
• Branching
• Merging
• Reviewing
• Stashing
• Git Commands Related to Remote Repositories
• Reverting and Resetting Commands
• Common Configuration
• Git Tag
• Miscellaneous

Basic Git Commands

Setting up Your Git Identity

Command	Description	Example(s)
git config --global user.name	Setup your name in Git	git config --global user.name Your-Name
git config --global user.email	Setup your mail in Git	git config --global user.email [email protected]

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Getting started with Git

Command	Description	Example(s)
git init	Initialize empty Git repository	git init new-project
git clone	Clone a repository from remote server	git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git

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Committing Changes

Command	Description	Example(s)
git status	Show the status of Working Directory	-
git add	Add files to staging Area	git add file1.txt file2.txt
git add -A	Add all new and changed files to staging area	-
git commit	Commit staged changes	git commit -m "latest bug fix"

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Branching

Command	Description	Example(s)
git branch	List branches	-
git branch <branch-name>	Create a new branch	git branch feature-branch
git branch -d <branch-name>	Delete a merged branch	git branch -d feature-branch
git branch -D <branch-name>	Delete a branch (Merged or not)	git branch -D test-branch
git branch -m <old-branch-name> <new-branch-name>	Rename a branch	git branch -m feature-branch-v1.0 feature-branch-v2.0
git push origin --delete <branch-name>	Delete a remote branch	git push origin --delete feature-branch
git checkout <branch-name>	Switch to a branch	git checkout feature-branch
git checkout -b <branch-name>	Create a new branch and switch to it	git checkout -b feature-branch
git checkout -- <file-name>	Discard changes to a file	git checkout -- test.txt
git checkout .	Discard all changes in your working directory and revert the files to the last committed state.	-

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Merging

Command	Description	Example(s)
git merge <branch-name>	Merge a branch	git merge feature-branch
git merge <source-branch> <target-branch>	Merge a branch into target branch	git merge feature-V1 feature-V0
git merge --squash <branch-name>	Merge a branch with all commits squashed into single commit	git merge --squash feature-V0
git rebase <branch-name>	Merge a branch without creating new merge commit, keeps work history clean	git rebase feature-branch

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Reviewing

Command	Description	Example(s)
git status	Displays the current status of your working directory and staged changes	-
git log	Displays a detailed commit history of the current branch	-
git log --oneline	Displays a simplified commit history of the current branch in a compact format	-
git diff	Shows the differences between your working directory and the most recent commit	-
git diff <commit1> <commit2>	Compares two commits and displays the differences between them	git diff abc123 xyz987

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Stashing

Command	Description	Example(s)
git stash	Store modified and staged changes	-
git stash save "comment"	Stash the modified changes with description	git stash save "Work in Progress - Feature 1"
git stash list	List all stashes	-
git stash apply	Applies the most recent stash entry to your working directory, without deleting the stash entry	-
git stash pop	Applies the most recent stash entry to your working directory and deletes it	-
git stash show	Show the difference summary of recent stash entry	-
git stash drop	Delete the recent stash entry without applying it	-
git stash clear	Delete all stash entries	-

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Git commands related to remote repositories

Command	Description	Example(s)
git push	Push changes to remote repository	-
git pull	Fetch the latest changes from the remote repository and merge them with the local one	-
git push origin <branch-name>	Push a branch to the remote repository	git push origin feature-branch
git push origin --delete <branch-name>	Delete a remote branch	git push origin --delete feature-branch
git fetch origin	Fetch the changes from remote repository without merging	-
git fetch origin <branch-name>	Fetch changes from a remote branch without merging	git fetch origin main
git remote	View all remote connections	-
git remote remove <connection-name>	Remove a connection	-
git remote rename <old-name> <new-name>	Rename a connection	-
git pull --rebase origin	Rebase local changes on top of new changes from remote repository	-

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Reverting and Resetting Commands

Command	Description	Example(s)
git revert <commit>	Creates a new commit that undoes the changes introduced by the specified commit	git revert abc123
git revert <commit1> <commit2> ... <commit n>	Reverts a range of commits, creating new commits that undo the changes introduced by each of them.	git revert abc123 xyz987
git reset --soft <commit>	Moves the branch pointer to the specified commit, preserving the changes in your working directory and staging area.	git reset --soft abc123
git reset --hard <commit>	Moves the branch pointer to the specified commit and discards all changes, both in the working directory and staging area (Deletes all commits ahead of it).	git reset --hard abc123
git revert <commit>	Creates a new commit that undoes the changes introduced by the specified commit	git revert abc123
git rm <file>	Remove file from Working Directory and staging area	git rm test.txt
git rm --cached <file>	Remove file from staging area only	git rm --cached test.txt

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Common Configuration

Command	Description	Example(s)
git config --global alias.<alias-name> <git command>	Configure Git aliases	git config --global alias.co checkout
git config --global core.editor	Configure default text editor	git config --global core.editor "code"
git config --global --edit	Edit Git configuration in an editor	-

Git Tag

Command	Description	Example(s)
git tag	List all tags in the repository	-
git tag <tag-name>	Create a new tag	git tag v1.0.0
git tag -a <tag-name> -m "message"	Create an annotated tag with a message	git tag -a v1.0.0 -m "Release version 1.0.0"
git show <tag-name>	Show details of a specific tag	git show v1.0.0
git push --tags	Push tags to remote repository	-

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Miscellaneous

Command	Description	Example(s)
git log -S "string"	Search git commits with particular string	git log -S "feature"
git clean -f	Clean all untracked files	-
git commit --amend	Amends the most recent commit with the new changes	-
git show <commit> --stat	Displayed a histogram showing inserts, deletions and modifications per file for a specific commit along with general commit information	-
git bisect	A powerful Git command used to find the commit that introduced a bug or regression in your codebase. It performs a binary search through the commit history to identify the specific commit where the issue was introduced.	git bisect start , git bisect good , git bisect bad
git commit --amend	Amends the most recent commit with the new changes	-
git cherry-pick <commit from another branch>	Merges a particular commit from another branch	git cherry-pick xyz123
git push --tags	Push tags to a remote repository	git push --tags
git blame <file>	Show who last modified each line of a file	git blame myfile.txt
git reflog	Show a log of all Git references	-
git gc	Perform Git garbage collection	-
git archive --format=zip --output=filename.zip <branch-name>	Create a zip archive of a specific branch	git archive --format=zip --output=mybranch.zip main
git grep <text>	Search for text in your Git repository	git grep "search text"

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