Added Alzheimer’s-Disease (#512)

* Create Alzheimer’s-Disease.md

* Rename Alzheimer’s-Disease.md to Demantia_vs_Alzeimers_diseases.md

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+# Alzheimer’s Disease vs Dementia
+
+This document provides comprehensive information on Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia, including their definitions, symptoms, causes, risk factors, and strategies for management and prevention. Understanding the differences between these conditions is crucial for proper diagnosis and care. This guide aims to clarify these differences and provide actionable insights.
+
+## Table of Contents
+- [Abstract](#abstract)
+- [What is Dementia?](#what-is-dementia)
+- [What is Alzheimer’s Disease?](#what-is-alzheimers-disease)
+- [Symptoms](#symptoms)
+  - [Symptoms of Dementia](#symptoms-of-dementia)
+  - [Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease](#symptoms-of-alzheimers-disease)
+- [Causes](#causes)
+  - [Causes of Dementia](#causes-of-dementia)
+  - [Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease](#causes-of-alzheimers-disease)
+- [Risk Factors](#risk-factors)
+  - [Risk Factors for Dementia](#risk-factors-for-dementia)
+  - [Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease](#risk-factors-for-alzheimers-disease)
+- [Diagnosis](#diagnosis)
+- [Treatment and Management](#treatment-and-management)
+  - [Treatment for Dementia](#treatment-for-dementia)
+  - [Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease](#treatment-for-alzheimers-disease)
+- [Prevention](#prevention)
+- [Conclusion](#conclusion)
+
+## Abstract
+Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia are often used interchangeably, but they are not the same. This document outlines the key differences between the two, including their symptoms, causes, risk factors, and strategies for management and prevention. By understanding these differences, caregivers and patients can better navigate the challenges associated with each condition.
+
+## What is Dementia?
+Dementia is a general term for a decline in cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily life. It encompasses a range of symptoms affecting memory, thinking, and social abilities. Dementia is not a specific disease but a group of conditions characterized by impairment of at least two brain functions, such as memory loss and judgment. It can result from various diseases and injuries that primarily or secondarily affect the brain.
+
+## What is Alzheimer’s Disease?
+Alzheimer’s Disease is a specific type of dementia that accounts for 60-80% of dementia cases. It is a progressive neurological disorder that causes brain cells to degenerate and die, leading to a continuous decline in thinking, behavioral, and social skills. Alzheimer’s Disease is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. It typically starts with mild memory loss and can progress to severe cognitive impairment.
+
+## Symptoms
+### Symptoms of Dementia
+Symptoms of dementia can vary widely but generally include:
+- **Memory loss**: Forgetting recent events or information.
+- **Difficulty communicating or finding words**: Struggling to express thoughts or understand language.
+- **Difficulty with visual and spatial abilities**: Problems with judging distance and seeing objects in three dimensions.
+- **Difficulty reasoning or problem-solving**: Struggling with complex tasks and decision-making.
+- **Difficulty handling complex tasks**: Challenges in managing finances or planning activities.
+- **Difficulty with planning and organizing**: Trouble with following a sequence of steps or organizing thoughts.
+- **Coordination and motor function problems**: Issues with balance and movement.
+- **Confusion and disorientation**: Getting lost in familiar places or not recognizing familiar faces.
+
+### Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease
+Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease typically include:
+- **Memory loss that disrupts daily life**: Forgetting important dates or events.
+- **Challenges in planning or solving problems**: Difficulty following a plan or working with numbers.
+- **Difficulty completing familiar tasks**: Trouble driving to a familiar location or managing a budget.
+- **Confusion with time or place**: Losing track of dates, seasons, and the passage of time.
+- **Trouble understanding visual images and spatial relationships**: Difficulty reading, judging distance, and determining color or contrast.
+- **New problems with words in speaking or writing**: Struggling with vocabulary, stopping in the middle of a conversation, or repeating themselves.
+- **Misplacing things and losing the ability to retrace steps**: Putting things in unusual places and being unable to find them.
+- **Decreased or poor judgment**: Making poor decisions with money or neglecting personal hygiene.
+- **Withdrawal from work or social activities**: Avoiding social engagements or hobbies.
+- **Changes in mood and personality**: Becoming confused, suspicious, depressed, fearful, or anxious.
+
+## Causes
+### Causes of Dementia
+Dementia can be caused by various diseases and conditions, including:
+- **Alzheimer’s Disease**: The most common cause of dementia.
+- **Vascular dementia**: Caused by conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the brain.
+- **Lewy body dementia**: Associated with abnormal protein deposits in the brain.
+- **Frontotemporal dementia**: Involves the degeneration of nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain.
+- **Mixed dementia**: A combination of two or more types of dementia.
+- **Parkinson’s Disease**: A neurodegenerative disorder that can lead to dementia.
+- **Huntington’s Disease**: A genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain.
+- **Traumatic brain injury**: Repeated head injuries can increase the risk of dementia.
+
+### Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease
+The exact cause of Alzheimer’s Disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Key factors include:
+- **Age**: The risk increases significantly after age 65.
+- **Family history and genetics**: Having a parent or sibling with Alzheimer’s increases the risk.
+- **Down syndrome**: Many people with Down syndrome develop Alzheimer’s as they age.
+- **Head injuries**: Severe or repeated head trauma can increase the risk.
+- **Cardiovascular disease**: Poor heart health can increase the risk of Alzheimer’s.
+
+## Risk Factors
+### Risk Factors for Dementia
+Risk factors for dementia include:
+- **Age**: The risk increases with age, particularly after 65.
+- **Family history**: Having a family history of dementia increases the risk.
+- **Down syndrome**: People with Down syndrome are at higher risk.
+- **Poor heart health**: Conditions like hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes can increase the risk.
+- **Traumatic brain injury**: Repeated head injuries can increase the risk of developing dementia.
+
+### Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease
+Risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease include:
+- **Age**: The risk increases significantly after age 65.
+- **Family history and genetics**: Having a parent or sibling with Alzheimer’s increases the risk.
+- **Mild cognitive impairment**: Experiencing a decline in memory or other thinking skills can increase the risk.
+- **Down syndrome**: Many people with Down syndrome develop Alzheimer’s as they age.
+- **Unhealthy lifestyle**: Poor diet, lack of exercise, and smoking can increase the risk.
+- **Previous head trauma**: Severe or repeated head injuries can increase the risk.
+- **Poor heart health**: Conditions like hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes can increase the risk.
+
+## Diagnosis
+Diagnosis of dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, neurological tests, and cognitive and neuropsychological tests. 
+Brain imaging and blood tests may also be used to rule out other conditions. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing symptoms and planning for the future.
+
+## Treatment and Management
+### Treatment for Dementia
+Treatment for dementia depends on the underlying cause but may include medications, cognitive therapy, and lifestyle changes.
+Supportive care and management of symptoms are crucial for improving quality of life. Non-drug therapies, such as occupational therapy, can help manage symptoms and improve daily functioning.
+
+### Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease
+There is no cure for Alzheimer’s Disease, but treatments can help manage symptoms.
+Medications, cognitive therapy, and lifestyle changes are commonly used. Supportive care and creating a safe environment are essential for patients. 
+Research is ongoing to find new treatments and improve existing ones.
+
+## Prevention
+While there is no sure way to prevent dementia or Alzheimer’s Disease, certain lifestyle choices can reduce the risk. 
+These include maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical activity, mental stimulation, social engagement, and managing cardiovascular health. 
+Early intervention and adopting healthy habits can significantly impact the progression of these conditions.
+
+## Conclusion
+Understanding the differences between Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia is crucial for proper diagnosis and management.
+Early intervention and adopting healthy lifestyle habits can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for those affected. Continuous research and support are essential in the fight against these debilitating conditions.