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MCAS w/generic crystallizer (watertap-org#1487)
* paste Mayo's surrogate_crystallizer unit in raw form * start code cleanup in surrogate crystallizer, add vapor prop pack config option, rename class * git rid of self.vap_prop instances * paste in seawater relationship for enth_mass_phase * pass tests for enth_mass_phase implementation in MCAS * check value of enthalpy in test * bring in test code * get test crystallizer surrogate file to pass * only construct enthalpy params once * blk * add surrogate files * clean up imports and other code * track costing file * bk * raise config error instead of string * remove unused imports * changed filename and started cleanup * make folder for crystallizer surrogate defaults to test; finish cleanup * blk * add folder * cleanup imports and copyright headers * fix file path * updated some var names to make a bit more user friendly and closer to idaes naming; also described a config option that was unclear * blk * delete erronous code in mcas during initialization of enthalpy * fix issue with file path? * blk * black * move surrogate defaults * refine test file * add pressure_sat and add some scaling * black * add to MCAS tech ref; revise subtlety in sw prop model tech ref * revise docs * fix rst * adjust th equation in rst * remove units inclusion for D * fix fraction * fix path issue * blk * fix relatiosnhip * try to fix path issues now having created init files * revise doc * tinker with docs * cleanup * add init files! * regression tests for enth flow and pressure sat
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ | ||
| ################################################################################# | ||
| # WaterTAP Copyright (c) 2020-2024, The Regents of the University of California, | ||
| # through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, | ||
| # National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and National Energy Technology | ||
| # Laboratory (subject to receipt of any required approvals from the U.S. Dept. | ||
| # of Energy). All rights reserved. | ||
| # | ||
| # Please see the files COPYRIGHT.md and LICENSE.md for full copyright and license | ||
| # information, respectively. These files are also available online at the URL | ||
| # "https://github.com/watertap-org/watertap/" | ||
| ################################################################################# | ||
|
|
||
| import pyomo.environ as pyo | ||
| from watertap.costing.util import ( | ||
| register_costing_parameter_block, | ||
| make_capital_cost_var, | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| def build_surrogate_crystallizer_cost_param_block(blk): | ||
|
|
||
| blk.steam_pressure = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=3, | ||
| units=pyo.units.bar, | ||
| doc="Steam pressure (gauge) for crystallizer heating: 3 bar default based on Dutta example", | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| blk.efficiency_pump = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=0.7, | ||
| units=pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| doc="Crystallizer pump efficiency - assumed", | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| blk.pump_head_height = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=1, | ||
| units=pyo.units.m, | ||
| doc="Crystallizer pump head height - assumed, unvalidated", | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| # Crystallizer operating cost information from literature | ||
| blk.fob_unit_cost = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=675000, | ||
| doc="Forced circulation crystallizer reference free-on-board cost (Woods, 2007)", | ||
| units=pyo.units.USD_2007, | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| blk.ref_capacity = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=1, | ||
| doc="Forced circulation crystallizer reference crystal capacity (Woods, 2007)", | ||
| units=pyo.units.kg / pyo.units.s, | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| blk.ref_exponent = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=0.53, | ||
| doc="Forced circulation crystallizer cost exponent factor (Woods, 2007)", | ||
| units=pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| blk.iec_percent = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=1.43, | ||
| doc="Forced circulation crystallizer installed equipment cost (Diab and Gerogiorgis, 2017)", | ||
| units=pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| blk.steam_cost = pyo.Var( | ||
| initialize=0.004, | ||
| units=pyo.units.USD_2018 / (pyo.units.meter**3), | ||
| doc="Steam cost, Panagopoulos (2019)", | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| costing = blk.parent_block() | ||
| costing.register_flow_type("steam", blk.steam_cost) | ||
|
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|
|
||
| def cost_surrogate_crystallizer(blk): | ||
| """ | ||
| Function for costing the surrogate crystallizer by the mass flow of produced crystals. | ||
| The operating cost model assumes that heat is supplied via condensation of saturated steam (see Dutta et al.) | ||
| """ | ||
| cost_crystallizer_by_crystal_mass(blk) | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| def _cost_crystallizer_flows(blk): | ||
| blk.costing_package.cost_flow( | ||
| pyo.units.convert( | ||
| (blk.unit_model.heat_required / _compute_steam_properties(blk)), | ||
| to_units=pyo.units.m**3 / pyo.units.s, | ||
| ), | ||
| "steam", | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| @register_costing_parameter_block( | ||
| build_rule=build_surrogate_crystallizer_cost_param_block, | ||
| parameter_block_name="surrogate_crystallizer", | ||
| ) | ||
| def cost_crystallizer_by_crystal_mass(blk): | ||
| """ | ||
| Mass-based capital cost for FC crystallizer | ||
| """ | ||
| make_capital_cost_var(blk) | ||
| blk.costing_package.add_cost_factor(blk, "TIC") | ||
| blk.cost_factor = 1 # blk.costing_package.add_cost_factor(blk, "TIC") | ||
| blk.capital_cost_constraint = pyo.Constraint( | ||
| expr=blk.capital_cost | ||
| == blk.cost_factor | ||
| * pyo.units.convert( | ||
| ( | ||
| blk.costing_package.surrogate_crystallizer.iec_percent | ||
| * blk.costing_package.surrogate_crystallizer.fob_unit_cost | ||
| * ( | ||
| blk.unit_model.flow_mass_sol_total | ||
| / blk.costing_package.surrogate_crystallizer.ref_capacity | ||
| ) | ||
| ** blk.costing_package.surrogate_crystallizer.ref_exponent | ||
| ), | ||
| to_units=blk.costing_package.base_currency, | ||
| ) | ||
| ) | ||
| _cost_crystallizer_flows(blk) | ||
|
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||
|
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||
| def _compute_steam_properties(blk): | ||
| """ | ||
| Function for computing saturated steam properties for thermal heating estimation. | ||
| Args: | ||
| pressure_sat: Steam gauge pressure in bar | ||
| Out: | ||
| Steam thermal capacity (latent heat of condensation * density) in kJ/m3 | ||
| """ | ||
| pressure_sat = blk.costing_package.surrogate_crystallizer.steam_pressure | ||
| # 1. Compute saturation temperature of steam: computed from El-Dessouky expression | ||
| tsat_constants = [ | ||
| 42.6776 * pyo.units.K, | ||
| -3892.7 * pyo.units.K, | ||
| 1000 * pyo.units.kPa, | ||
| -9.48654 * pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| ] | ||
| psat = ( | ||
| pyo.units.convert(pressure_sat, to_units=pyo.units.kPa) | ||
| + 101.325 * pyo.units.kPa | ||
| ) | ||
| temperature_sat = tsat_constants[0] + tsat_constants[1] / ( | ||
| pyo.log(psat / tsat_constants[2]) + tsat_constants[3] | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| # 2. Compute latent heat of condensation/vaporization: computed from Sharqawy expression | ||
| t = temperature_sat - 273.15 * pyo.units.K | ||
| enth_mass_units = pyo.units.J / pyo.units.kg | ||
| t_inv_units = pyo.units.K**-1 | ||
| dh_constants = [ | ||
| 2.501e6 * enth_mass_units, | ||
| -2.369e3 * enth_mass_units * t_inv_units**1, | ||
| 2.678e-1 * enth_mass_units * t_inv_units**2, | ||
| -8.103e-3 * enth_mass_units * t_inv_units**3, | ||
| -2.079e-5 * enth_mass_units * t_inv_units**4, | ||
| ] | ||
| dh_vap = ( | ||
| dh_constants[0] | ||
| + dh_constants[1] * t | ||
| + dh_constants[2] * t**2 | ||
| + dh_constants[3] * t**3 | ||
| + dh_constants[4] * t**4 | ||
| ) | ||
| dh_vap = pyo.units.convert(dh_vap, to_units=pyo.units.kJ / pyo.units.kg) | ||
|
|
||
| # 3. Compute specific volume: computed from Affandi expression (Eq 5) | ||
| t_critical = 647.096 * pyo.units.K | ||
| t_red = temperature_sat / t_critical # Reduced temperature | ||
| sp_vol_constants = [ | ||
| -7.75883 * pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| 3.23753 * pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| 2.05755 * pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| -0.06052 * pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| 0.00529 * pyo.units.dimensionless, | ||
| ] | ||
| log_sp_vol = ( | ||
| sp_vol_constants[0] | ||
| + sp_vol_constants[1] * (pyo.log(1 / t_red)) ** 0.4 | ||
| + sp_vol_constants[2] / (t_red**2) | ||
| + sp_vol_constants[3] / (t_red**4) | ||
| + sp_vol_constants[4] / (t_red**5) | ||
| ) | ||
| sp_vol = pyo.exp(log_sp_vol) * pyo.units.m**3 / pyo.units.kg | ||
|
|
||
| # 4. Return specific energy: density * latent heat | ||
| return dh_vap / sp_vol |
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