Add the /headers[/:from_hash[/:count]] endpoint

Add a new endpoint to download headers in bulk, up to 2000 with a single
request.

Headers are returned in binary form, with the VarInt-encoded number of
items in the body preceeding them.

By default `from_hash` is the current best hash, but a different
starting block can be specified.

The returned list goes "backwards" returning the `count - 1` blocks
*before* `from_hash` plus the header of `from_hash` itself. This allows
caching the response indefinitely, since it's guaranteed that the
headers that come before a given block will never change.

Returns an error if `from_hash` is not a valid block or it isn't found
in the blockchain.

If `count` is greater than the limit of `2000` it will be silently
capped to said value.

src/new_index/schema.rs

@@ -424,6 +424,33 @@ impl ChainQuery {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn get_headers(&self, from: &BlockHash, count: usize) -> Option<Vec<BlockHeader>> {
+        let _timer = self.start_timer("get_headers");
+
+        if let Some(from_header) = self
+            .store
+            .indexed_headers
+            .read()
+            .unwrap()
+            .header_by_blockhash(from)
+        {
+            Some(
+                self.store
+                    .indexed_headers
+                    .read()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .iter()
+                    .rev()
+                    .skip(self.best_height() - from_header.height())
+                    .take(count)
+                    .map(|e| e.header().clone())
+                    .collect(),
+            )
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn get_block_header(&self, hash: &BlockHash) -> Option<BlockHeader> {
         let _timer = self.start_timer("get_block_header");
         Some(self.header_by_hash(hash)?.header().clone())

src/rest.rs

@@ -627,6 +627,40 @@ fn handle_request(
         path.get(3),
         path.get(4),
     ) {
+        (&Method::GET, Some(&"headers"), hash, count, None, None) => {
+            let count = count
+                .and_then(|c| c.parse::<usize>().ok())
+                .and_then(|c| match c {
+                    0 => Some(1),
+                    1..=2000 => Some(c),
+                    _ => None,
+                })
+                .unwrap_or(2000);
+            let from_hash = hash
+                .map(|h| BlockHash::from_hex(h))
+                .transpose()?
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| query.chain().best_hash());
+
+            let headers = match query.chain().get_headers(&from_hash, count) {
+                Some(headers) => headers,
+                None => return Err(HttpError::not_found("Block not found".to_string())),
+            };
+
+            let mut raw = Vec::with_capacity(8 + 80 * headers.len());
+            raw.append(&mut encode::serialize(
+                &encode::VarInt(headers.len() as u64),
+            ));
+            for header in headers.iter() {
+                raw.append(&mut encode::serialize(header));
+            }
+
+            Ok(Response::builder()
+                .status(StatusCode::OK)
+                .header("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
+                .header("Cache-Control", format!("public, max-age={:}", TTL_LONG))
+                .body(Body::from(raw))
+                .unwrap())
+        }
         (&Method::GET, Some(&"blocks"), Some(&"tip"), Some(&"hash"), None, None) => http_message(
             StatusCode::OK,
             query.chain().best_hash().to_hex(),