C.cpp

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define fo(i,n) for(i=0;i<n;i++)
#define fo2(i,start,end) for(i=start;i<=end;i++)
#define rfo(i,n) for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
#define ll long long int
#define deb(x) cout<<#x<<"="<<x<<endl
#define deb2(x,y) cout<<#x<<"="<<x<<","<<#y<<"="<<y<<endl
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define F first
#define S second
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define sortall(x) sort(all(x))
#define tr(it,a) for(auto it=a.begin(); it!=a.end();it++)
#define nl '\n'
#define PI 3.1415926535897932384626
#define mod 1000000007
typedef pair<int, int>	pii;
typedef pair<ll, ll>	pl;
typedef vector<int>		vi;
typedef vector<ll>		vl;
typedef vector<pii>		vpii;
typedef vector<pl>		vpl;
const int N=1e6+10;

void solve(){
    int i,j;
    ll n,m,ans,zero=0,group,less,more,extra,temp;
    cin>>n>>m;
    group=m+1;
    zero=n-m;
    // deb2(group,zero);
    less=zero/group;
    more=less+1;
    extra=(zero%group);
    // deb2(extra,more);
    temp=extra*((more*(more+1))/2) + (group-extra)*((less*(less+1))/2);
    // deb(temp);
    ans=(n*(n+1)/2) - temp;

    cout<<ans<<nl;

}

int main(){
    // freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
    // freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0), cout.tie(0);
    int t=1;
    cin>>t;
    while(t--){
        solve();
    }
    
}