SCollectionMatcher issue when targeting Java 17+

[f-loris]

I recently upgraded one project from Java 8 to Java 21 and I'm experiencing issues in my tests when targeting Java 17 or 21 bytecode. In this case some tests started to fail using the matchers satisfy/satisfySingleValue in my JobTests.

Therefore, I built some simple reproducer that shows that something is dropping the local variable in my lambda expression as it's value is null when executed.

Scio: 0.14.7
Java: 21
Scala: 2.13.14
Scala Compiler flags: -release 21 -Ydelambdafy:inline -Ymacro-annotations -language:higherKinds -language:implicitConversions

import com.spotify.scio.ContextAndArgs
import com.spotify.scio.io.TextIO
import com.spotify.scio.testing._

object TestPipeline {
  def main(cmdlineArgs: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val (sc, args) = ContextAndArgs(cmdlineArgs)
    sc.read(TextIO(args("source")))(TextIO.ReadParam())
      .map(v => s"Hello $v")
      .write(TextIO(args("destination")))(TextIO.WriteParam())

    sc.run().waitUntilFinish()
  }
}

object IssueReproducer {
  val WORLD = "World"
}

class IssueReproducer extends PipelineSpec {

  // fails now
  it should "work with local value" in {
    val world = "World"
    JobTest[TestPipeline.type]
      .args("--source=source.csv", "--destination=destination.csv")
      .input(TextIO("source.csv"), Seq(world))
      .output(TextIO("destination.csv"))(
        _ should satisfySingleValue[String] { value =>
          println(s"Hello $world") // shows "Hello null"
          value == s"Hello $world"
        }
      )
      .run()
  }

  // works
  it should "work with global value" in {
    JobTest[TestPipeline.type]
      .args("--source=source.csv", "--destination=destination.csv")
      .input(TextIO("source.csv"), Seq(IssueReproducer.WORLD))
      .output(TextIO("destination.csv"))(
        _ should satisfySingleValue[String] {
          _ == s"Hello ${IssueReproducer.WORLD}"
        }
      )
      .run()
  }

}

The output of the failing test is Hello null as the variable world is then null with the test result being of course a failing assertion:

pply@{Matchers.scala:7291}:2/ParMultiDo(Anonymous).output: assertion failed
java.lang.AssertionError: apply@{Matchers.scala:7291}:2/ParMultiDo(Anonymous).output: assertion failed
	at org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert$PAssertionSite.capture(PAssert.java:175)
	at org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert.thatSingleton(PAssert.java:498)
	at org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert.thatSingleton(PAssert.java:490)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchers$$anon$19$$anon$20.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:488)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchers$$anon$19$$anon$20.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:482)
    ....

I already experimented with ClosureCleaner and Externalizer but I couldn't reproduce it with them alone.
When changing the Scala compiler release flag to 8 or even 11 it works fine, but fails with 17 or 21. Isn't it supposed to work when targeting newer Java versions?
Is there a general risk that targeting Java 21 might break things like this also in productive pipelines and not just only tests? At least right now I haven't discovered any other issue.

[clairemcginty]

thanks for reporting! I can reproduce running sbt scio-test-core/test with release version set to 17, will look into what's going on.

Also, maybe we should be setting release version as well in our GHA java matrix workflows

[clairemcginty]

looks to be closure-related; I modified scio's satisfy() test to catch the assertion exception, like so:

runWithContext {
  _.parallelize(Seq(newTR(1))) should satisfy[TestRecord] { l =>
    try {
      val newTr = newTR(1) // exception is actually thrown here, not on assertion
      // l.toList.contains(newTr)
    } catch {
      case e: Exception =>
        e.printStackTrace()
        throw e
    }
  }
}

and get:

java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchersTest$$anonfun$9.com$spotify$scio$testing$SCollectionMatchersTest$$anonfun$$$outer()" because the return value of "com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchersTest$$anonfun$9$$anonfun$apply$91.com$spotify$scio$testing$SCollectionMatchersTest$$anonfun$$anonfun$$$outer()" is null
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchersTest$$anonfun$9$$anonfun$apply$91$$anonfun$apply$92.apply(SCollectionMatchersTest.scala:334)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchersTest$$anonfun$9$$anonfun$apply$91$$anonfun$apply$92.apply(SCollectionMatchersTest.scala:332)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchers$$anon$17$$anon$18$$anonfun$8.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:461)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.SCollectionMatchers$$anon$17$$anon$18$$anonfun$8.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:461)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.ScioMatchers$$anonfun$assert$1.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:144)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.ScioMatchers$$anonfun$assert$1.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:144)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.ScioMatchers$$anon$3.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:114)
	at com.spotify.scio.testing.ScioMatchers$$anon$3.apply(SCollectionMatchers.scala:108)
	at org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert.doChecks(PAssert.java:1621)
	at org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert$GroupedValuesCheckerDoFn.processElement(PAssert.java:1588)
	at org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert$GroupedValuesCheckerDoFn$DoFnInvoker.invokeProcessElement(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.core.SimpleDoFnRunner.invokeProcessElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:212)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.core.SimpleDoFnRunner.processElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:189)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.core.SimplePushbackSideInputDoFnRunner.processElementInReadyWindows(SimplePushbackSideInputDoFnRunner.java:79)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.direct.ParDoEvaluator.processElement(ParDoEvaluator.java:244)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.direct.DoFnLifecycleManagerRemovingTransformEvaluator.processElement(DoFnLifecycleManagerRemovingTransformEvaluator.java:54)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.direct.DirectTransformExecutor.processElements(DirectTransformExecutor.java:165)
	at org.apache.beam.runners.direct.DirectTransformExecutor.run(DirectTransformExecutor.java:129)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:539)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

Unfortunately, following the stack trace to SCollectionMatchers.scala:461, this speaks to an issue with ClosureCleaner, which isn't maintained