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Migration from ida, GDB or WinDBG

How to run the program using the debugger

r2 -d /bin/ls - start in debugger mode => [video]

How do I attach/detach to running process ? (gdb -p)

r2 -d <pid> - attach to process

r2 ptrace://pid - same as above, but only for io (not debugger backend hooked)

[0x7fff6ad90028]> o-225 - close fd=225 (listed in o~[1]:0)

r2 -D gdb gdb://localhost:1234 - attach to gdbserver

How to set args/environnement variable/load a specific libraries for the debugging session of radare

Use rarun2 (libpath=$PWD:/tmp/lib, arg2=hello, setenv=FOO=BAR ...) see rarun2 -h / man rarun2

How to script radare2 ?

r2 -i <scriptfile> ... - run a script after loading the file => [video]

r2 -I <scriptfile> ... - run a script before loading the file

r2 -c $@ | awk $@ - run thru awk get asm from function => [link]

[0x80480423]> . scriptfile - interpret this file => [video]

[0x80480423]> #!c - enter C repl (see #! to list all available RLang plugins) => [video], everything have to be done in a oneliner or a .c file must be passed as an argument.

To get #!python and much more, just build radare2-bindings

How to list Source code as in gdb list ?

CL TODO, see #1783

shortcuts

Command IDA Pro radare2 r2 (visual mode) GDB WinDbg
Analysis
Analysis of everything Automatically launched when opening a binary aaa or -A (aaaa or -AA for even experimental analysis) N/A N/A N/A
Navigation
xref to x axt x N/A N/A
xref from ctrl + j axf X N/A N/A
xref to graph ? agt [offset] ? N/A N/A
xref from graph ? agf [offset] ? N/A N/A
list functions alt + 1 afl;is t N/A N/A
listing alt + 2 pdf p N/A N/A
hex mode alt + 3 pxa P N/A N/A
imports alt + 6 ii :ii N/A N/A
exports alt + 7 is~FUNC ? N/A N/A
follow jmp/call enter s offset enter or 0-9 N/A N/A
undo seek esc s- u N/A N/A
redo seek ctrl+enter s+ U N/A N/A
show graph space agv V N/A N/A
Edit
rename n afn dr N/A N/A
graph view space agv V N/A N/A
define as data d Cd [size] dd,db,dw,dW N/A N/A
define as code c C- [size] d- or du N/A N/A
define as undefined u C- [size] d- or du N/A N/A
define as string A Cs [size] ds N/A N/A
define as struct Alt+Q Cf [size] dF N/A N/A
Debugger
Start Process/ Continue execution F9 dc F9 r and c g
Terminate Process Ctrl+F2 dk 9 ? kill q
Detach ? o- ? detach
step into F7 ds s n t
step into 4 instructions ? ds 4 F7 n 4 t 4
step over F8 dso S s p
step until a specific address ? dsu <addr> ? s g <addr>
Run until return Ctrl+F7 dcr ? finish gu
Run until cursor F4 #249 #249 N/A N/A
Show Backtrace ? dbt ? bt
display Register On register Windows dr all Shown in Visual mode info registers r
display eax On register Windows dr?eax Shown in Visual mode info registers eax r rax
display old state of all registers ? dro ? ? ?
display function addr + N ? afi $$ - display function information of current offset ($$) ? ? ?
display frame state ? pxw rbp-rsp@rsp ? i f ?
How to step until condition is true ? dsi ? ? ?
Update a register value ? dr rip=0x456 ? set $rip=0x456 r rip=456
Disassembly
disassembly forward N/A pd Vp disas uf, u
disassembly N instructions N/A pd X Vp x/i u <addr> LX
disassembly N (backward) N/A pd -X Vp disas <a-o> <a> ub
Information on the bin
Sections/regions Menu sections iS or S (append j for json) N/A maint info sections !address
Load symbol file
Sections/regions pdb menu asm.dwarf.file, pdb.XX) N/A add-symbol-file r
BackTrace
Stack Trace N/A dbt N/A bt k
Stack Trace in Json N/A dbtj N/A
Partial Backtrace (innermost) N/A dbt (dbg.btdepth dbg.btalgo) N/A bt k
Partial Backtrace (outermost) N/A dbt (dbg.btdepth dbg.btalgo) N/A bt -
Stacktrace for all threads N/A dbt@t N/A thread apply all bt ~* k
Breakpoints
Breakpoint list Ctrl+Alt+B db ? info breakpoints bl
add breakpoint F2 db [offset] F2 break bp
Threads
Switch to thread Thread menu dp N/A thread <N> ~<N>s
Frames
Frame Numbers N/A ? N/A any bt command kn
Select Frame N/A ? N/A frame .frame
Parameters/Locals
Display parameters N/A afv N/A info args dv /t /i /V
Display parameters N/A afv N/A info locals dv /t /i /V
Display parameters/locals in json N/A afvj N/A info locals dv /t /i /V
list addresses where vars are accessed(R/W) N/A afvR/afvW N/A ? ?
Project Related
open project Po [file] ?
save project automatic Ps [file] ?
show project informations Pi [file] ?
Miscellaneous
Dump byte char array N/A pc? (json, C, char, etc.) Vpppp x/bc db
options option menu e? e
search search menu /? Select the zone with the cursor c then / s

Equivalent of "set-follow-fork-mode" gdb command

This can be done using 2 commands:

  1. dcf - until a fork happen
  2. then use dp to select what process you want to debug.

Common features

  • r2 accepts FLIRT signatures
  • r2 can connect to GDB, LLVM and WinDbg
  • r2 can write/patch in place
  • r2 have fortunes and [s]easter eggs[/s]balls of steel
  • r2 can do basic loading of ELF core files from the box and MDMP (Windows minidumps)