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thesis.bib
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@article{cape_cod_wind,
title={After 16 Years, Hopes for Cape Cod Wind Farm Float Away},
author={Seelye, KQ},
url={https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/19/us/offshore-cape-wind-farm.html},
journal={New York Times},
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@misc{schoellkopf,
title={Schoellkopf Power Plant},
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}
@misc{doe_nuclearhistory,
title={History of Nuclear Energy},
author={{Department of Energy}},
howpublished = {\url{https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/The\%20History\%20of\%20Nuclear\%20Energy_0.pdf}}
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@misc{historyofenergy,
title={History of Alternative Energy and Fossil Fuels},
author={{ProCon}},
year={2013},
howpublished = {\url{https://alternativeenergy.procon.org/view.timeline.php?timelineID=000015}},
}
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title={James Blyth—Britain's first modern wind power pioneer},
author={Price, Trevor J},
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pages={191--200},
year={2005},
publisher={SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England}
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@misc{caiso,
title={Renewables and emissions reports},
author={{California ISO}},
year={2016},
howpublished = {\url{http://www.caiso.com/market/Pages/ReportsBulletins/RenewablesReporting.aspx}},
}
@misc{fpa_budget,
title={U.S. Fusion Program Budget History},
author={{Fusion Power Associates}},
year={2018},
howpublished = {\url{https://aries.pppl.gov/FPA/OFESbudget.html}}
}
@misc{oci_oil,
title={Dirty Energy Dominance: Dependent on Denial},
author={{Oil Change International}},
year={2017},
howpublished = {\url{http://priceofoil.org/content/uploads/2017/10/OCI_US-Fossil-Fuel-Subs-2015-16_Final_Oct2017.pdf}}
}
@misc{nasa_budget,
title={H.R.1625 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018},
author={{115th Congress (2017-2018)}},
year={2018},
howpublished = {\url{https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/1625/text}}
}
@misc{1976_fusion,
title={Fusion Power by Magnetic Confinement},
author={{Energy Research and Development Administration}},
year={1976},
howpublished = {\url{https://fire.pppl.gov/us_fusion_plan_1976.pdf}}
}
@article{luxon2002design,
title={A design retrospective of the DIII-D tokamak},
author={Luxon, James L},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={42},
number={5},
pages={614},
year={2002},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{herrmann2003asdexupgrade,
title={Chapter 1: ASDEX Upgrade-Introduction and overview},
author={Herrmann, Albrecht and Gruber, Otto},
journal={Fusion Science and Technology},
volume={44},
number={3},
pages={569--577},
year={2003},
publisher={Taylor \& Francis}
}
@article{wagner1982hmode,
title={Regime of improved confinement and high beta in neutral-beam-heated divertor discharges of the ASDEX tokamak},
author={Wagner, Fritz and Becker, G and Behringer, K and Campbell, D and Eberhagen, A and Engelhardt, W and Fussmann, G and Gehre, O and Gernhardt, J and Gierke, G v and others},
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volume={49},
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pages={1408},
year={1982},
publisher={APS}
}
@article{wendelstein7x1993,
title={Das Fusionsexperiment WENDELSTEIN 7-X},
author={Grieger, Guenter and Milch, I},
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year={1993},
publisher={Wiley Online Library}
}
@article{jet1985,
title={The Joint European Torus: installation, first results and prospects},
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@article{heidbrink2008basic,
title={Basic physics of Alfv{\'e}n instabilities driven by energetic particles in toroidally confined plasmas},
author={Heidbrink, WW},
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volume={15},
number={5},
pages={055501},
year={2008},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{heidbrink2014confinement,
title={Confinement degradation by Alfv{\'e}n-eigenmode induced fast-ion transport in steady-state scenario discharges},
author={Heidbrink, William W and Ferron, John R and Holcomb, Christopher T and Van Zeeland, Michael A and Chen, Xi and Collins, Cami M and Garofalo, Andrea and Gong, Xianzu and Grierson, Brian A and Podest{\`a}, Mario and others},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={56},
number={9},
pages={095030},
year={2014},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{holcomb2015fast,
title={Fast-ion transport in q min> 2, high-$\beta$ steady-state scenarios on DIII-D},
author={Holcomb, Christopher T and Heidbrink, William W and Ferron, John R and Van Zeeland, Michael A and Garofalo, Andrea M and Solomon, Wayne M and Gong, Xianzu and Mueller, Dennis and Grierson, B and Bass, Eric M and others},
journal={Physics of Plasmas},
volume={22},
number={5},
pages={055904},
year={2015},
publisher={AIP Publishing}
}
@article{heidbrink2007,
title={Measurements of fast-ion acceleration at cyclotron harmonics using Balmer-alpha spectroscopy},
author={Heidbrink, WW and Luo, Y and Burrell, KH and Harvey, RW and Pinsker, RI and Ruskov, E},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={49},
number={9},
pages={1457},
year={2007},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@techreport{artsimovich1969experiments,
title={EXPERIMENTS IN TOKAMAK DEVICES.},
author={Artsimovich, LA and Bobrovskii, GA and Gorbunov, EP},
year={1969},
institution={Moscow Inst. of Atomic Energy; and others}
}
@article{liu2014design,
title={Design of solid state neutral particle analyzer array for National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade},
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journal={Review of Scientific Instruments},
volume={85},
number={11},
pages={11E105},
year={2014},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{zhu2012compact,
title={Compact solid-state neutral particle analyzer in current mode},
author={Zhu, Y. B. and Bortolon, A and Heidbrink, W. W. and Celle, S. L. and Roquemore, A. L.},
journal={Review of Scientific Instruments},
volume={83},
number={10},
pages={10D304},
year={2012},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{du2018inpa,
title={Development and verification of a novel scintillator-based, imaging neutral particle analyzer in DIII-D tokamak},
author={Du, Xiaodi and Van Zeeland, Michael A and Heidbrink, William W and Su, David},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
year={2018},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{stagner2014geometric,
title={On geometric factors for neutral particle analyzers},
author={Stagner, L and Heidbrink, WW},
journal={Review of Scientific Instruments},
volume={85},
number={11},
pages={11D803},
year={2014},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{heidbrink2004fida,
title={Hydrogenic fast-ion diagnostic using Balmer-alpha light},
author={Heidbrink, WW and Burrell, KH and Luo, Y and Pablant, NA and Ruskov, E},
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volume={46},
number={12},
pages={1855},
year={2004},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
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pages={10D727},
year={2010},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{van2010imaging,
title={Imaging key aspects of fast ion physics in the DIII-D tokamak},
author={Van Zeeland, MA and Yu, JH and Heidbrink, WW and Brooks, NH and Burrell, KH and Chu, MS and Hyatt, AW and Muscatello, C and Nazikian, R and Pablant, NA and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={50},
number={8},
pages={084002},
year={2010},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
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}
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}
@article{omullane2009review,
title={Review of proton impact driven ionisation from the excited levels in neutral hydrogen beams},
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}
@article{adas,
title={The ADAS User Manual, version 2.6},
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journal={http://www. adas. ac. uk/},
year={2004}
}
@incollection{janev1993cross,
title={Cross sections for collision processes of hydrogen atoms with electrons, protons and multiply charged ions},
author={Janev, Ratko K and Smith, JJ},
booktitle={Atomic and plasma-material interaction data for fusion. V. 4},
year={1993}
}
@article{reinhold1990excitation,
title={Excitation of atomic hydrogen by fully stripped ions},
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}
@article{koslover1986measurement,
title={Measurement of multidimensional ion velocity distributions by optical tomography},
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number={10},
pages={2441--2448},
year={1986},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{mcwilliams1987laboratory,
title={Laboratory observation of ion conics by velocity-space tomography of a plasma},
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pages={37},
year={1987},
publisher={APS}
}
@article{zimmerman2005two,
title={Two-dimensional ion velocity distribution functions in inductively coupled argon plasma},
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volume={14},
number={3},
pages={581},
year={2005},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2011,
title={On velocity space interrogation regions of fast-ion collective Thomson scattering at {ITER}},
author={Salewski, M and Nielsen, SK and Bindslev, H and Furtula, V and Gorelenkov, NN and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Meo, F and Michelsen, PK and Moseev, D and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={51},
number={8},
pages={083014},
year={2011},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2014,
title={On velocity-space sensitivity of fast-ion D-alpha spectroscopy},
author={Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Moseev, D and Heidbrink, WW and Jacobsen, AS and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Nielsen, SK and Rasmussen, J and others},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={56},
number={10},
pages={105005},
year={2014},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{jacobsen2015,
title={Velocity-space sensitivity of neutron spectrometry measurements},
author={Jacobsen, AS and Salewski, M and Eriksson, J and Ericsson, G and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Nielsen, SK and Rasmussen, J and Stejner, M and others, JET EFDA},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={55},
number={5},
pages={053013},
year={2015},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2015,
title={Velocity-space observation regions of high-resolution two-step reaction gamma-ray spectroscopy},
author={Salewski, M and Nocente, M and Gorini, G and Jacobsen, AS and Kiptily, VG and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Moseev, D and Nielsen, SK and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={55},
number={9},
pages={093029},
year={2015},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2016,
title={Fast-ion energy resolution by one-step reaction gamma-ray spectrometry},
author={Salewski, M and Nocente, M and Gorini, G and Jacobsen, AS and Kiptily, VG and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Moseev, D and Nielsen, SK and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={56},
number={4},
pages={046009},
year={2016},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{jacobsen_stagner2016,
title={Inversion methods for fast-ion velocity-space tomography in fusion plasmas},
author={Jacobsen, AS and Stagner, L and Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Heidbrink, WW and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Nielsen, SK and Rasmussen, J and Stejner, M and others},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={58},
number={4},
pages={045016},
year={2016},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2012,
title={Tomography of fast-ion velocity-space distributions from synthetic CTS and FIDA measurements},
author={Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Nielsen, SK and Bindslev, H and Garc{\'\i}a-Mu{\~n}oz, M and Heidbrink, WW and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Meo, F and Michelsen, PK and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={52},
number={10},
pages={103008},
year={2012},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2013_tomography,
title={Combination of fast-ion diagnostics in velocity-space tomographies},
author={Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Nielsen, SK and Bindslev, H and Garc{\'\i}a-Mu{\~n}oz, M and Heidbrink, WW and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Meo, F and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={53},
number={6},
pages={063019},
year={2013},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{salewski2014_tomography,
title={Measurement of a 2D fast-ion velocity distribution function by tomographic inversion of fast-ion D-alpha spectra},
author={Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Jacobsen, AS and Garc{\'\i}a-Mu{\~n}oz, M and Heidbrink, WW and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Moseev, D and Nielsen, SK and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={54},
number={2},
pages={023005},
year={2014},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{jaulmes2016,
title={Numerical and experimental study of the redistribution of energetic and impurity ions by sawteeth in {ASDEX} Upgrade},
author={Jaulmes, F and Geiger, B and Odstr{\v{c}}il, T and Weiland, M and Salewski, M and Jacobsen, AS and Rasmussen, J and Stejner, M and Nielsen, SK and Westerhof, E and others},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={56},
number={11},
pages={112012},
year={2016},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{weiland2016,
author={Weiland, M and Geiger, B and Jacobsen, AS and Reich, M and Salewski, M and Odstr{\v{c}}il, T},
title={Enhancement of the FIDA diagnostic at {ASDEX} Upgrade for
velocity space tomography},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={58},
pages={025012},
year={2016},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{rome1979,
title={The topology of tokamak orbits},
author={Rome, JA and Peng, YK M},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={19},
number={9},
pages={1193},
year={1979},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{petrov2016,
title={A fully-neoclassical finite-orbit-width version of the CQL3D Fokker--Planck code},
author={Petrov, Yu V and Harvey, RW},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={58},
number={11},
pages={115001},
year={2016},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@misc{mfeformulary,
title={Magnetic Fusion Energy Formulary},
author={Hartwig, Zachary S and Podpaly, Yuri A},
year={2016},
howpublished = {\url{http://www-internal.psfc.mit.edu/research/MFEFormulary/}},
}
@article{bosch1992,
title={Improved formulas for fusion cross-sections and thermal reactivities},
author={Bosch, H S and Hale, G M},
journal={Nuclear Fusion},
volume={32},
number={4},
pages={611},
year={1992},
publisher={IOP Publishing},
note={Note that Eq.~16 is valid only up to 100~keV (not 200~keV as incorrectly stated)}
}
@book{bethe&salpeter,
title={Quantum mechanics of one-and two-electron atoms},
author={Bethe, Hans A and Salpeter, Edwin E},
year={2012},
publisher={Springer Science \& Business Media}
}
@article{marchuk2012,
title={Non-statistical population distributions for hydrogen beams in fusion plasmas},
author={Marchuk, O and Ralchenko, Yu and Schultz, DR},
journal={Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
volume={54},
number={9},
pages={095010},
year={2012},
publisher={IOP Publishing}
}
@article{ssNPA2012,
title={Compact solid-state neutral particle analyzer in current mode},
author={Zhu, Y B and Bortolon, A and Heidbrink, W W and Celle, S L and Roquemore, A L},
journal={Review of Scientific Instruments},
volume={83},
number={10},
pages={10D304},
year={2012},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{muscatello2010,
title={Extended fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic on DIII-D},
author={Muscatello, CM and Heidbrink, WW and Taussig, D and Burrell, KH},
journal={Review of Scientific Instruments},
volume={81},
number={10},
pages={10D316},
year={2010},
publisher={AIP}
}
@article{grierson2012,
title={Active spectroscopic measurements of the bulk deuterium properties in the DIII-D tokamak},
author={Grierson, BA and Burrell, KH and Chrystal, C and Groebner, RJ and Kaplan, DH and Heidbrink, WW and Munoz Burgos, JM and Pablant, NA and Solomon, WM and Van Zeeland, MA},
journal={Review of Scientific Instruments},
volume={83},
number={10},
pages={10D529},
year={2012},
publisher={AIP}
}
@book{luo2007thesis,
title={Fast-ion D (alpha) measurements and simulations in DIII-D},
author={Luo, Yadong},
volume={68},
number={09},
year={2007}
}
@article{heidbrink2011code,
title={A code that simulates fast-ion D $\alpha$ and neutral particle measurements},
author={Heidbrink, WW and Liu, D and Luo, Y and Ruskov, E and Geiger, B},
journal={Communications in Computational Physics},
volume={10},
number={3},
pages={716--741},
year={2011},
publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
@article{geiger2013thesis,
title={Fast-ion transport studies using FIDA spectroscopy at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak},
author={Geiger, Benedikt},
year={2013},
publisher={Max-Planck-Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik}
}
@misc{FIDASIM,
author = {Stagner, L. and Geiger, B. and Heidbrink, W.W.},
title = {{FIDASIM: A Neutral Beam and Fast-ion Diagnostic Modeling Suite}},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1341369},
url = {http://d3denergetic.github.io/FIDASIM/}
}
@article{heidbrink2017,
title={Fast-ion transport by {Alfv{\'e}n} eigenmodes above a critical gradient threshold},
author={Heidbrink, WW and Collins, CS and Podest{\`a}, M and Kramer, GJ and Pace, DC and Petty, CC and Stagner, L and Van Zeeland, MA and White, RB and Zhu, YB},
journal={Physics of Plasmas},
volume={24},
number={5},
pages={056109},
year={2017},
publisher={AIP Publishing}
}
@article{NUBEAM,
author={Pankin, Alexei and McCune, Douglas and Andre, Robert and Bateman,
Glenn and Kritz, Arnold},
title={The tokamak Monte Carlo fast ion module NUBEAM in the National
Transport Code Collaboration library}, journal={Comp. Phys. Comm.},
volume={159}, year={2004}, pages={157}
}
@book{WHITE,
author={White, R. B.}, title={The theory of toroidally confined
plasmas (3rd edition)}, publisher={Imperial College Press},
address={London}, year={2014}, note={Section 3.3}
}
@ARTICLE{thomas1972analytical,
title="Analytical derivation of the geometric factor of a particle detector having circular or rectangular geometry",
author="Thomas, GR and Willis, DM",
journal="Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments",
volume="5",
number="3",
pages="260",
year="1972",
publisher="IOP Publishing"
}
@ARTICLE{sullivan1971geometric,
title="Geometric factor and directional response of single and multi-element particle telescopes",
author="Sullivan, JD",
journal="Nuclear Instruments and methods",
volume="95",
number="1",
pages="5--11",
year="1971",
publisher="Elsevier"
}
@article{Anton1996,
abstract = {IOPscience is a unique platform for IOP-hosted journal content providing site-wide electronic access to more than 130 years of leading scientific research, and incorporates some of the most innovative technologies to enhance your user-experience.},
author = {Anton, M and Weisen, H and Dutch, M J and von der Linden, W and Buhlmann, F and Chavan, R and Marletaz, B and Marmillod, P and Paris, P},
doi = {10.1088/0741-3335/38/11/001},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
month = nov,
number = {11},
pages = {1849--1878},
title = {{X-ray tomography on the TCV tokamak}},
volume = {38},
year = {1996}
}
@article{Geiger2013,
abstract = {A novel fast-ion D-alpha (FIDA) diagnostic that is based on charge exchange spectroscopy has been installed at ASDEX Upgrade. The diagnostic uses a newly developed high-photon-throughput spectrometer together with a low-noise EM-CCD camera that allow measurements with 2 ms exposure time. Absolute intensities are obtained by calibrating the system with an integrating sphere and the wavelength dependence is determined to high accuracy using a neon lamp. Additional perturbative contributions to the spectra, such as D2-molecular lines, the Stark broadened edge D-alpha emission, and passive FIDA radiation have been identified and can be subtracted or avoided experimentally. The FIDA radiation from fast deuterium ions after charge exchange reactions can therefore be analyzed continuously without superimposed line emissions at large Doppler shifts. Radial information on the fast ions is obtained from radially distributed lines of sight. The investigation of the fast-ion velocity distribution is possible due to three different viewing geometries. The independent viewing geometries access distinct parts of the fast-ion velocity space and make tomographic reconstructions possible.},
author = {Geiger, B and Dux, R and McDermott, R M and Potzel, S and Reich, M and Ryter, F and Weiland, M and W\"{u}nderlich, D and Garcia-Munoz, M},
doi = {10.1063/1.4829481},
journal = {The Review of scientific instruments},
month = nov,
number = {11},
pages = {113502},
pmid = {24295435},
title = {{Multi-view fast-ion D-alpha spectroscopy diagnostic at ASDEX Upgrade.}},
volume = {84},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Heidbrink2007,
author = {Heidbrink, WW and Luo, Y and Burrell, KH and Harvey, R W and Pinsker, R I and Ruskov, E},
doi = {10.1088/0741-3335/49/9/008},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
month = sep,
number = {9},
pages = {1457--1475},
title = {{Measurements of fast-ion acceleration at cyclotron harmonics using Balmer-alpha spectroscopy}},
volume = {49},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Heidbrink2008,
abstract = {The fast-ion D(alpha) (FIDA) technique is a charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement that exploits the large Doppler shift of Balmer-alpha light from energetic hydrogenic atoms to infer the fast-ion density. Operational experience with the first dedicated FIDA diagnostic on DIII-D is guiding the design of the second-generation instrument. In the first instrument, dynamic changes in background light associated with plasma instabilities usually dominate measurement uncertainties. Accordingly, the design of the new instrument minimizes scattering of cold D(alpha) light while monitoring its level. The first instrument uses a vertical view to avoid bright interference from the injected-neutral beams. The sightline of the new instrument includes a toroidal component but only measures blueshifted fast-ion light that is Doppler shifted away from the redshifted light of the injected neutrals. The new views are more sensitive to fast ions that circulate in the direction of the plasma current and less sensitive to the trapped-ion and countercirculating populations. Details of the design criteria and solutions are presented.},
author = {Heidbrink, W W and Luo, Y and Muscatello, C M and Zhu, Y and Burrell, K H},
doi = {10.1063/1.2956828},
issn = {1089-7623},
journal = {The Review of scientific instruments},
month = oct,
number = {10},
pages = {10E520},
pmid = {19044502},
title = {{A new fast-ion D(alpha) diagnostic for DIII-D.}},
volume = {79},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Heidbrink2006,
author = {Heidbrink, W.W. and Bell, R.E. and Luo, Y. and Solomon, W.},
doi = {10.1063/1.2221902},
issn = {00346748},
journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments},
number = {10},
pages = {10F120},
title = {{Fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic for NSTX}},
volume = {77},
year = {2006}
}
@article{Michael2013,
author = {Michael, C A and Conway, N and Crowley, B and Jones, O and Heidbrink, WW and Pinches, S and Braeken, E and Akers, R and Challis, C and Turnyanskiy, M and Patel, A and Muir, D and Gaffka, R and Bailey, S},
doi = {10.1088/0741-3335/55/9/095007},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
month = sep,
number = {9},
pages = {095007},
title = {{Dual view FIDA measurements on MAST}},
volume = {55},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Podesta2008,
abstract = {A new diagnostic, aimed at energy-resolved measurements of the spatial and temporal dynamics of fast ions in NSTX plasmas, is described. It is based on active charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy. The fast-ion signal is inferred from light emitted in the wavelength range of the D(alpha) line by fast ions recombining with an injected neutral beam. Two complementary systems are operational. The first system, based on a spectrometer coupled to a charge coupled device detector, has 16 channels with space, time, and energy resolution of 5 cm, 10 ms, and 10 keV, respectively. The second system monitors the energy-integrated fast-ion signal on time scales of approximately 20 micros at three different radii. Signals are measured by a multianode photomultiplier tube. For both systems, each channel includes two paired views, intercepting and missing the neutral beam for a direct subtraction of the background signal not associated with fast ions. Examples of signals from the 2008 NSTX run are presented.},
author = {Podest\`{a}, M and Heidbrink, WW and Bell, RE and Feder, R},
doi = {10.1063/1.2956744},
issn = {1089-7623},
journal = {The Review of scientific instruments},
month = oct,
number = {10},
pages = {10E521},
pmid = {19044503},
title = {{The NSTX fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic.}},
volume = {79},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Salewski2014,
author = {Salewski, M. and Geiger, B. and A.S. Jacobsen and Garc\'{\i}a-Mu\~{n}oz, M. and Heidbrink, W.W. and Korsholm, S.B. and Leipold, F. and Madsen, J. and Moseev, D. and Nielsen, S.K. and Rasmussen, J. and Stejner, M. and Tardini, G. and Weiland, M.},
doi = {10.1088/0029-5515/54/2/023005},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
keywords = {fast ions in tokamaks,fast-ion velocity distribution function,in colour only in,inverse problems,some figures may appear,the online journal,tomography},
month = feb,
number = {2},
pages = {023005},
title = {{Measurement of a 2D fast-ion velocity distribution function by tomographic inversion of fast-ion D-alpha spectra}},
volume = {54},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Egedal2004,
author = {Egedal, J. and Bindslev, H.},
doi = {10.1063/1.1697400},
issn = {1070664X},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = {5},
pages = {2191},
title = {{Reconstruction of gyrotropic phase-space distributions from one-dimensional projections}},
volume = {11},
year = {2004}
}
@article{Hansen2007,
abstract = {We describe a robust and adaptive implementation of the L-curve criterion. The algorithm locates the corner of a discrete L-curve which is a log-log plot of corresponding residual norms and solution norms of regularized solutions from a method with a discrete regularization parameter (such as truncated SVD or regularizing CG iterations). Our algorithm needs no predefined parameters, and in order to capture the global features of the curve in an adaptive fashion, we use a sequence of pruned L-curves that correspond to considering the curves at different scales. We compare our new algorithm to existing algorithms and demonstrate its robustness by numerical examples. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
author = {Hansen, Per Christian and Jensen, Toke Koldborg and Rodriguez, Giuseppe},
doi = {10.1016/j.cam.2005.09.026},
issn = {03770427},
journal = {Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics},
keywords = {Discrete ill-posed problems,L-curve criterion,Parameter-choice method,Regularization},
number = {2},
pages = {483--492},
title = {{An adaptive pruning algorithm for the discrete L-curve criterion}},
volume = {198},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Jacobsen2014,
author = {Jacobsen, A. S. and Salewski, M. and Eriksson, J. and Ericsson, G. and Hjalmarsson, A. and Korsholm, S. B. and Leipold, F. and Nielsen, S. K. and Rasmussen, J. and Stejner, M.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4885477},
issn = {0034-6748},
journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments},
month = nov,
number = {11},
pages = {11E103},
title = {{Velocity-space sensitivity of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer at JETa)}},
volume = {85},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Nielsen2011,
author = {Nielsen, S.K. and Salewski, M. and Bindslev, H. and B\"{u}rger, A. and Furtula, V. and Kantor, M. and Korsholm, S.B. and Koslowski, H.R. and Kr\"{a}mer-Flecken, A. and Leipold, F. and Meo, F. and Michelsen, P.K. and Moseev, D. and Oosterbeek, J.W. and Stejner, M. and Westerhof, E.},
doi = {10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063014},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
month = jun,
number = {6},
pages = {063014},
title = {{Dynamics of fast ions during sawtooth oscillations in the TEXTOR tokamak measured by collective Thomson scattering}},
volume = {51},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Salewski2013,
author = {Salewski, M. and Geiger, B. and Nielsen, S.K. and Bindslev, H. and Garc\'{\i}a-Mu\~{n}oz, M. and Heidbrink, W.W. and Korsholm, S.B. and Leipold, F. and Madsen, J. and Meo, F. and Michelsen, P.K. and Moseev, D. and Stejner, M. and Tardini, G.},
doi = {10.1088/0029-5515/53/6/063019},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
month = jun,
number = {6},
pages = {063019},
title = {{Combination of fast-ion diagnostics in velocity-space tomographies}},
volume = {53},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Salewski2012,
author = {Salewski, M. and Geiger, B. and Nielsen, S.K. and Bindslev, H. and Garc\'{\i}a-Mu\~{n}oz, M. and Heidbrink, W.W. and Korsholm, S.B. and Leipold, F. and Meo, F. and Michelsen, P.K. and Moseev, D. and Stejner, M. and Tardini, G.},
doi = {10.1088/0029-5515/52/10/103008},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
month = oct,
number = {10},
pages = {103008},
title = {{Tomography of fast-ion velocity-space distributions from synthetic CTS and FIDA measurements}},
volume = {52},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Pankin2004,
author = {Pankin, Alexei and McCune, Douglas and Andre, Robert and Bateman, Glenn and Kritz, Arnold},
doi = {10.1016/j.cpc.2003.11.002},
issn = {00104655},
journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
keywords = {heating,monte carlo,nbi,neutral beam injection,tokamak},
month = jun,
number = {3},
pages = {157--184},
title = {{The tokamak Monte Carlo fast ion module NUBEAM in the National Transport Code Collaboration library}},
volume = {159},
year = {2004}
}
@article{Jacobsen2015,
abstract = {Neutron emission spectrometry (NES) measures the energies of neutrons produced in fusion reactions. Here we present velocity-space weight functions for NES and neutron yield measurements. Weight functions show the sensitivity as well as the accessible regions in velocity space for a given range of the neutron energy spectrum. Combined with a calculated fast-ion distribution function, they determine the part of the distribution function producing detectable neutrons in a given neutron energy range. Furthermore, we construct a forward model based on weight functions capable of rapidly calculating neutron energy spectra. This forward model can be inverted and could thereby be used to directly measure the fast-ion phase-space distribution functions, possibly in combination with other fast-ion diagnostics. The presented methods and results can be applied to neutron energy spectra measured by any kind of neutron spectrometer and to any neutron yield measurement.},
author = {Jacobsen, A.S. and Salewski, M. and Eriksson, J. and Ericsson, G. and Korsholm, S.B. and Leipold, F. and Nielsen, S.K. and Rasmussen, J. and Stejner, M.},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
language = {en},
month = may,
number = {5},
pages = {053013},
publisher = {IOP Publishing},
title = {{Velocity-space sensitivity of neutron spectrometry measurements}},
volume = {55},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Salewski2011,
author = {Salewski, M. and Nielsen, S.K. and Bindslev, H. and Furtula, V. and Gorelenkov, N.N. and Korsholm, S.B. and Leipold, F. and Meo, F and Michelsen, P.K. and Moseev, D. and Stejner, M.},
doi = {10.1088/0029-5515/51/8/083014},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
month = aug,
number = {8},
pages = {083014},
title = {{On velocity space interrogation regions of fast-ion collective Thomson scattering at ITER}},
volume = {51},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Salewski2015,
author = {Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Heidbrink, WW and Jacobsen, AS and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Moseev, D and Nielsen, SK and Rasmussen, J and Stagner, L and Steeghs, D and Stejner, M and Tardini, G and Weiland, M},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
language = {en},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {014021},
publisher = {IOP Publishing},
title = {{Doppler tomography in fusion plasmas and astrophysics}},
volume = {57},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Salewski2014a,
author = {Salewski, M and Geiger, B and Moseev, D and Heidbrink, WW and Jacobsen, AS and Korsholm, SB and Leipold, F and Madsen, J and Nielsen, SK and Rasmussen, J and Stejner, M and Weiland, M},
doi = {10.1088/0741-3335/56/10/105005},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
keywords = {charge-exchange recombination,fast ions,fast-ion d-alpha spectroscopy,fida,in colour only in,some figures may appear,spectroscopy,the online journal,velocity space},
month = oct,
number = {10},
pages = {105005},
title = {{On velocity-space sensitivity of fast-ion D-alpha spectroscopy}},
volume = {56},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Heidbrink2014,
author = {Heidbrink, WW and Ferron, JR and Holcomb, CT and {Van Zeeland}, MA and Chen, X and Collins, CM and Garofalo, A and Gong, X and Grierson, BA and Podest\`{a}, M and Stagner, L and Zhu, Y},
doi = {10.1088/0741-3335/56/9/095030},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
number = {9},
pages = {095030},
title = {{Confinement degradation by Alfv\'{e}n-eigenmode induced fast-ion transport in steady-state scenario discharges}},
volume = {56},
year = {2014}
}
@inproceedings{giffin2007updating,
title={Updating Probabilities with Data and Moments},
author={Giffin, Adom and Caticha, Ariel},
booktitle={Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering},
volume={954},
pages={74--84},
year={2007}
}
@article{gull1984maximum,
title={Maximum entropy method in image processing},
author={Gull, SF and Skilling, J},
journal={Communications, Radar and Signal Processing, IEE Proceedings F},
volume={131},
number={6},
pages={646--659},
year={1984},
publisher={IET}
}
@article{rabani2002maxentlcurve,
title={The calculation of transport properties in quantum liquids using the maximum entropy numerical analytic continuation method: Application to liquid para-hydrogen},
author={Rabani, Eran and Reichman, David R and Krilov, Goran and Berne, Bruce J},
journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
volume={99},
number={3},
pages={1129--1133},
year={2002},
publisher={National Acad Sciences}
}
@article{wachter2006ipopt,
title={On the implementation of an interior-point filter line-search algorithm for large-scale nonlinear programming},
author={W{\"a}chter, Andreas and Biegler, Lorenz T},
journal={Mathematical programming},
volume={106},
number={1},
pages={25--57},
year={2006},
publisher={Springer}
}
@article{LubinDunningIJOC,
author = {Miles Lubin and Iain Dunning},
title = {Computing in Operations Research Using Julia},
journal = {INFORMS Journal on Computing},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {238-248},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1287/ijoc.2014.0623},
URL = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2014.0623}
}
@article{Muscatello2012,
author = {Muscatello, CM and Heidbrink, WW and Kolesnichenko, Ya I and Lutsenko, VV and {Van Zeeland}, MA and Yakovenko, Yu V},
doi = {10.1088/0741-3335/54/2/025006},
issn = {0741-3335},
journal = {Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion},
month = feb,
number = {2},
pages = {025006},
title = {{Velocity-space studies of fast-ion transport at a sawtooth crash in neutral-beam heated plasmas}},
volume = {54},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Nielsen2011,
author = {Nielsen, S.K. and Salewski, M. and Bindslev, H. and B\"{u}rger, a. and Furtula, V. and Kantor, M. and Korsholm, S.B. and Koslowski, H.R. and Kr\"{a}mer-Flecken, a. and Leipold, F. and Meo, F. and Michelsen, P.K. and Moseev, D. and Oosterbeek, J.W. and Stejner, M. and Westerhof, E.},
doi = {10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063014},
issn = {0029-5515},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
month = jun,
number = {6},
pages = {063014},
title = {{Dynamics of fast ions during sawtooth oscillations in the TEXTOR tokamak measured by collective Thomson scattering}},
volume = {51},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Geiger2015,
author = {Geiger, B. and Weiland, M. and Jacobsen, A.S. and Rittich, D. and Dux, R. and Fischer, R. and Hopf, C. and Maraschek, M. and McDermot, R.M. and Nielsen, S.K. and Odstrcil, T. and Reich, M. and Ryter, F. and Salewski, M. and Schneider, P.A. and Tardini, G.},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
pages = {083001},
title = {{Fast-ion transport and neutral beam current drive in ASDEX Upgrade}},
volume = {55},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Craciunescu2009,
author = {Craciunescu, T. and Bonheure, G. and Kiptily, V. and Murari, A. and Tiseanu, I. and Zoita, V.},
doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2009.03.224},
issn = {01689002},
journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment},
month = jul,
number = {3},
pages = {374--383},
title = {{A comparison of four reconstruction methods for JET neutron and gamma tomography}},
volume = {605},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Pankin2004,
author = {Pankin, A. and McCune, D. and Andre, R. and Bateman, G. and Kritz, A.},
doi = {10.1016/j.cpc.2003.11.002},
issn = {00104655},
journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
keywords = {heating,monte carlo,nbi,neutral beam injection,tokamak},
month = jun,
number = {3},
pages = {157--184},
title = {{The tokamak Monte Carlo fast ion module NUBEAM in the National Transport Code Collaboration library}},
volume = {159},
year = {2004}