diff --git a/packages/server/src/resolvers/index.ts b/packages/server/src/resolvers/index.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e4821a..0000000
--- a/packages/server/src/resolvers/index.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-import * as G from "../generated/graphql";
-import { history } from "./history";
-import { mutation } from "./mutation";
-import { query } from "./query";
-import {
-  res,
-  resDelete,
-  resFork,
-  resHistory,
-  resNormal,
-  resTopic,
-} from "./res";
-import { subscription } from "./subscription";
-import { token, tokenGeneral } from "./token";
-import { topic, topicFork, topicNormal, topicOne, topicSearch } from "./topic";
-import { DateTimeResolver } from "graphql-scalars";
-
-export const resolvers: G.Resolvers = {
-  DateTime: DateTimeResolver,
-  History: history,
-  Mutation: mutation,
-  Query: query,
-  Res: res,
-  ResNormal: resNormal,
-  ResHistory: resHistory,
-  ResTopic: resTopic,
-  ResDelete: resDelete,
-  ResFork: resFork,
-  Subscription: subscription,
-  Token: token,
-  TokenGeneral: tokenGeneral,
-  Topic: topic,
-  TopicSearch: topicSearch,
-  TopicFork: topicFork,
-  TopicOne: topicOne,
-  TopicNormal: topicNormal,
-};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/resolvers/res.ts b/packages/server/src/resolvers/res.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 19ac541..0000000
--- a/packages/server/src/resolvers/res.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-import * as G from "../generated/graphql";
-import { getHistory, getProfile, getRes, getTopic } from "../usecases";
-
-const resBase: Pick<G.ResResolvers, "topic"> = {
-  topic: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
-    const topic = await getTopic({ id: res.topicID }, context.ports);
-    return topic;
-  },
-};
-
-export const resNormal: G.ResNormalResolvers = {
-  ...resBase,
-  reply: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
-    if (res.replyID !== null) {
-      const reply = await getRes({ id: res.replyID }, context.ports);
-      return reply;
-    } else {
-      return null;
-    }
-  },
-  profile: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
-    if (res.profileID !== null) {
-      const profile = await getProfile({ id: res.profileID }, context.ports);
-      return profile;
-    } else {
-      return null;
-    }
-  },
-};
-
-export const resHistory: G.ResHistoryResolvers = {
-  ...resBase,
-  history: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
-    const history = await getHistory({ id: res.historyID }, context.ports);
-    return history;
-  },
-};
-
-export const resTopic: G.ResTopicResolvers = {
-  ...resBase,
-};
-
-export const resFork: G.ResForkResolvers = {
-  ...resBase,
-  fork: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
-    const fork = await getTopic({ id: res.forkID }, context.ports);
-    if (fork.type !== "fork") {
-      throw new Error();
-    }
-    return fork;
-  },
-};
-
-export const resDelete: G.ResDeleteResolvers = {
-  ...resBase,
-};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/resolvers/subscription.ts b/packages/server/src/resolvers/subscription.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index bd8fb19..0000000
--- a/packages/server/src/resolvers/subscription.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-import * as G from "../generated/graphql";
-import * as ixa from "ix/asynciterable";
-import * as ixaOps from "ix/asynciterable/operators";
-
-export const subscription: G.SubscriptionResolvers = {
-  resAdded: {
-    subscribe: (_parent, args, context, _info) =>
-      ixa.from(context.ports.resRepo.subscribeInsertEvent(args.topic)).pipe(
-        ixaOps.map((data) => ({
-          resAdded: {
-            count: data.count,
-            res: data.res.toAPI(context.ports.authContainer.getTokenOrNull()),
-          },
-        }))
-      ),
-  },
-};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/resolvers/topic.ts b/packages/server/src/resolvers/topic.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index d02bb03..0000000
--- a/packages/server/src/resolvers/topic.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-import * as G from "../generated/graphql";
-import { getTopic } from "../usecases";
-import * as O from "fp-ts/Option";
-
-export const topic: G.TopicResolvers = {
-  __resolveType(obj) {
-    switch (obj.type) {
-      case "normal":
-        return "TopicNormal";
-      case "one":
-        return "TopicOne";
-      case "fork":
-        return "TopicFork";
-    }
-  },
-  subscribe: async (topic, _args, context, _info) => {
-    // TODO: N+1
-    const token = context.ports.authContainer.getTokenOrNull();
-    if (O.isNone(token)) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    return await context.ports.topicRepo.getSubscription(
-      topic.id,
-      token.value.user
-    );
-  },
-};
-
-export const topicSearch: G.TopicSearchResolvers = {
-  __resolveType(obj) {
-    switch (obj.type) {
-      case "normal":
-        return "TopicNormal";
-      case "one":
-        return "TopicOne";
-    }
-  },
-};
-
-export const topicFork: G.TopicForkResolvers = {
-  parent: async (token, _args, context, _info) => {
-    const parent = await getTopic({ id: token.parentID }, context.ports);
-    if (parent.type !== "normal") {
-      throw new Error();
-    }
-    return parent;
-  },
-  subscribe: topic.subscribe,
-};
-
-export const topicOne: G.TopicOneResolvers = {
-  subscribe: topic.subscribe,
-};
-
-export const topicNormal: G.TopicNormalResolvers = {
-  subscribe: topic.subscribe,
-};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResBase.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResBase.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3430b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResBase.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { getTopic } from "../../../usecases";
+import type { ResResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+
+export const ResBase: Omit<ResResolvers, "__resolveType"> = {
+  topic: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
+    const topic = await getTopic({ id: res.topicID }, context.ports);
+    return topic;
+  },
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResDelete.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResDelete.ts
index feac80b..336dac0 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResDelete.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResDelete.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,6 @@
-import type   { ResDeleteResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const ResDelete: ResDeleteResolvers = {
-    /* Implement ResDelete resolver logic here */
-        date: () => { /* ResDelete.date resolver is required because ResDelete.date exists but ResDeleteMapper.date does not */ },
-        dv: () => { /* ResDelete.dv resolver is required because ResDelete.dv exists but ResDeleteMapper.dv does not */ },
-        hash: () => { /* ResDelete.hash resolver is required because ResDelete.hash exists but ResDeleteMapper.hash does not */ },
-        id: () => { /* ResDelete.id resolver is required because ResDelete.id exists but ResDeleteMapper.id does not */ },
-        replyCount: () => { /* ResDelete.replyCount resolver is required because ResDelete.replyCount exists but ResDeleteMapper.replyCount does not */ },
-        self: () => { /* ResDelete.self resolver is required because ResDelete.self exists but ResDeleteMapper.self does not */ },
-        topic: () => { /* ResDelete.topic resolver is required because ResDelete.topic exists but ResDeleteMapper.topic does not */ },
-        uv: () => { /* ResDelete.uv resolver is required because ResDelete.uv exists but ResDeleteMapper.uv does not */ },
-        voteFlag: () => { /* ResDelete.voteFlag resolver is required because ResDelete.voteFlag exists but ResDeleteMapper.voteFlag does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import type { ResDeleteResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { ResBase } from "./ResBase";
+
+export const ResDelete: ResDeleteResolvers = {
+  ...ResBase,
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResFork.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResFork.ts
index d2ec54c..7c2df03 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResFork.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResFork.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-import type   { ResForkResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const ResFork: ResForkResolvers = {
-    /* Implement ResFork resolver logic here */
-        date: () => { /* ResFork.date resolver is required because ResFork.date exists but ResForkMapper.date does not */ },
-        dv: () => { /* ResFork.dv resolver is required because ResFork.dv exists but ResForkMapper.dv does not */ },
-        hash: () => { /* ResFork.hash resolver is required because ResFork.hash exists but ResForkMapper.hash does not */ },
-        id: () => { /* ResFork.id resolver is required because ResFork.id exists but ResForkMapper.id does not */ },
-        replyCount: () => { /* ResFork.replyCount resolver is required because ResFork.replyCount exists but ResForkMapper.replyCount does not */ },
-        self: () => { /* ResFork.self resolver is required because ResFork.self exists but ResForkMapper.self does not */ },
-        topic: () => { /* ResFork.topic resolver is required because ResFork.topic exists but ResForkMapper.topic does not */ },
-        uv: () => { /* ResFork.uv resolver is required because ResFork.uv exists but ResForkMapper.uv does not */ },
-        voteFlag: () => { /* ResFork.voteFlag resolver is required because ResFork.voteFlag exists but ResForkMapper.voteFlag does not */ },
-        fork: () => { /* ResFork.fork resolver is required because ResFork.fork exists but ResForkMapper.fork does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import { getTopic } from "../../../usecases";
+import type { ResForkResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { ResBase } from "./ResBase";
+
+export const ResFork: ResForkResolvers = {
+  ...ResBase,
+  fork: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
+    const fork = await getTopic({ id: res.forkID }, context.ports);
+    if (fork.type !== "fork") {
+      throw new Error();
+    }
+    return fork;
+  },
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResHistory.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResHistory.ts
index ce82d48..f6e9a33 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResHistory.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResHistory.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
-import type   { ResHistoryResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const ResHistory: ResHistoryResolvers = {
-    /* Implement ResHistory resolver logic here */
-        date: () => { /* ResHistory.date resolver is required because ResHistory.date exists but ResHistoryMapper.date does not */ },
-        dv: () => { /* ResHistory.dv resolver is required because ResHistory.dv exists but ResHistoryMapper.dv does not */ },
-        hash: () => { /* ResHistory.hash resolver is required because ResHistory.hash exists but ResHistoryMapper.hash does not */ },
-        id: () => { /* ResHistory.id resolver is required because ResHistory.id exists but ResHistoryMapper.id does not */ },
-        replyCount: () => { /* ResHistory.replyCount resolver is required because ResHistory.replyCount exists but ResHistoryMapper.replyCount does not */ },
-        self: () => { /* ResHistory.self resolver is required because ResHistory.self exists but ResHistoryMapper.self does not */ },
-        topic: () => { /* ResHistory.topic resolver is required because ResHistory.topic exists but ResHistoryMapper.topic does not */ },
-        uv: () => { /* ResHistory.uv resolver is required because ResHistory.uv exists but ResHistoryMapper.uv does not */ },
-        voteFlag: () => { /* ResHistory.voteFlag resolver is required because ResHistory.voteFlag exists but ResHistoryMapper.voteFlag does not */ },
-        history: () => { /* ResHistory.history resolver is required because ResHistory.history exists but ResHistoryMapper.history does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import { getHistory } from "../../../usecases";
+import type { ResHistoryResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { ResBase } from "./ResBase";
+
+export const ResHistory: ResHistoryResolvers = {
+  ...ResBase,
+  history: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
+    const history = await getHistory({ id: res.historyID }, context.ports);
+    return history;
+  },
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResNormal.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResNormal.ts
index 29fa310..2ba862c 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResNormal.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResNormal.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
-import type   { ResNormalResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const ResNormal: ResNormalResolvers = {
-    /* Implement ResNormal resolver logic here */
-        date: () => { /* ResNormal.date resolver is required because ResNormal.date exists but ResNormalMapper.date does not */ },
-        dv: () => { /* ResNormal.dv resolver is required because ResNormal.dv exists but ResNormalMapper.dv does not */ },
-        hash: () => { /* ResNormal.hash resolver is required because ResNormal.hash exists but ResNormalMapper.hash does not */ },
-        id: () => { /* ResNormal.id resolver is required because ResNormal.id exists but ResNormalMapper.id does not */ },
-        replyCount: () => { /* ResNormal.replyCount resolver is required because ResNormal.replyCount exists but ResNormalMapper.replyCount does not */ },
-        self: () => { /* ResNormal.self resolver is required because ResNormal.self exists but ResNormalMapper.self does not */ },
-        topic: () => { /* ResNormal.topic resolver is required because ResNormal.topic exists but ResNormalMapper.topic does not */ },
-        uv: () => { /* ResNormal.uv resolver is required because ResNormal.uv exists but ResNormalMapper.uv does not */ },
-        voteFlag: () => { /* ResNormal.voteFlag resolver is required because ResNormal.voteFlag exists but ResNormalMapper.voteFlag does not */ },
-        profile: () => { /* ResNormal.profile resolver is required because ResNormal.profile exists but ResNormalMapper.profile does not */ },
-        reply: () => { /* ResNormal.reply resolver is required because ResNormal.reply exists but ResNormalMapper.reply does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import { getProfile, getRes } from "../../../usecases";
+import type { ResNormalResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { ResBase } from "./ResBase";
+
+export const ResNormal: ResNormalResolvers = {
+  ...ResBase,
+  reply: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
+    if (res.replyID !== null) {
+      const reply = await getRes({ id: res.replyID }, context.ports);
+      return reply;
+    } else {
+      return null;
+    }
+  },
+  profile: async (res, _args, context, _info) => {
+    if (res.profileID !== null) {
+      const profile = await getProfile({ id: res.profileID }, context.ports);
+      return profile;
+    } else {
+      return null;
+    }
+  },
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResTopic.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResTopic.ts
index 22a19cd..be488ea 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResTopic.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/ResTopic.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import type   { ResTopicResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const ResTopic: ResTopicResolvers = {
-    /* Implement ResTopic resolver logic here */
-        topic: () => { /* ResTopic.topic resolver is required because ResTopic.topic exists but ResTopicMapper.topic does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import type { ResTopicResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { ResBase } from "./ResBase";
+
+export const ResTopic: ResTopicResolvers = {
+  ...ResBase,
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/Subscription/resAdded.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/Subscription/resAdded.ts
index 511b3ae..50f9b34 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/Subscription/resAdded.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/res/resolvers/Subscription/resAdded.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,15 @@
-import type   { SubscriptionResolvers } from './../../../types.generated';
-        export const resAdded: NonNullable<SubscriptionResolvers['resAdded']> = {
-      subscribe: async (_parent, _arg, _ctx) => { /* Implement Subscription.resAdded resolver logic here */ },
-    }
\ No newline at end of file
+import type { SubscriptionResolvers } from "./../../../types.generated";
+import * as ixa from "ix/asynciterable";
+import * as ixaOps from "ix/asynciterable/operators";
+
+export const resAdded: NonNullable<SubscriptionResolvers["resAdded"]> = {
+  subscribe: (_parent, args, context, _info) =>
+    ixa.from(context.ports.resRepo.subscribeInsertEvent(args.topic)).pipe(
+      ixaOps.map((data) => ({
+        resAdded: {
+          count: data.count,
+          res: data.res.toAPI(context.ports.authContainer.getTokenOrNull()),
+        },
+      }))
+    ),
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/resolveTypes.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/resolveTypes.ts
index ca68854..00a1009 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/resolveTypes.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/resolveTypes.ts
@@ -27,4 +27,26 @@ export const resolveTypes: Resolvers = {
       }
     },
   },
+  Topic: {
+    __resolveType(obj) {
+      switch (obj.type) {
+        case "normal":
+          return "TopicNormal";
+        case "one":
+          return "TopicOne";
+        case "fork":
+          return "TopicFork";
+      }
+    },
+  },
+  TopicSearch: {
+    __resolveType(obj) {
+      switch (obj.type) {
+        case "normal":
+          return "TopicNormal";
+        case "one":
+          return "TopicOne";
+      }
+    },
+  },
 };
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicBase.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicBase.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef0468f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicBase.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import type { TopicResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import * as O from "fp-ts/lib/Option";
+
+export const TopicBase: Omit<TopicResolvers, "__resolveType"> = {
+  subscribe: async (topic, _args, context, _info) => {
+    // TODO: N+1
+    const token = context.ports.authContainer.getTokenOrNull();
+    if (O.isNone(token)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return await context.ports.topicRepo.getSubscription(
+      topic.id,
+      token.value.user
+    );
+  },
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicFork.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicFork.ts
index 8563b47..c5d887a 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicFork.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicFork.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
-import type   { TopicForkResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const TopicFork: TopicForkResolvers = {
-    /* Implement TopicFork resolver logic here */
-        active: () => { /* TopicFork.active resolver is required because TopicFork.active exists but TopicForkMapper.active does not */ },
-        date: () => { /* TopicFork.date resolver is required because TopicFork.date exists but TopicForkMapper.date does not */ },
-        id: () => { /* TopicFork.id resolver is required because TopicFork.id exists but TopicForkMapper.id does not */ },
-        resCount: () => { /* TopicFork.resCount resolver is required because TopicFork.resCount exists but TopicForkMapper.resCount does not */ },
-        subscribe: () => { /* TopicFork.subscribe resolver is required because TopicFork.subscribe exists but TopicForkMapper.subscribe does not */ },
-        title: () => { /* TopicFork.title resolver is required because TopicFork.title exists but TopicForkMapper.title does not */ },
-        update: () => { /* TopicFork.update resolver is required because TopicFork.update exists but TopicForkMapper.update does not */ },
-        parent: () => { /* TopicFork.parent resolver is required because TopicFork.parent exists but TopicForkMapper.parent does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import { getTopic } from "../../../usecases";
+import type { TopicForkResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { TopicBase } from "./TopicBase";
+
+export const TopicFork: TopicForkResolvers = {
+  ...TopicBase,
+  parent: async (token, _args, context, _info) => {
+    const parent = await getTopic({ id: token.parentID }, context.ports);
+    if (parent.type !== "normal") {
+      throw new Error();
+    }
+    return parent;
+  },
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicNormal.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicNormal.ts
index 1137325..effd473 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicNormal.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicNormal.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import type   { TopicNormalResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const TopicNormal: TopicNormalResolvers = {
-    /* Implement TopicNormal resolver logic here */
-        subscribe: () => { /* TopicNormal.subscribe resolver is required because TopicNormal.subscribe exists but TopicNormalMapper.subscribe does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import type { TopicNormalResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { TopicSearchBase } from "./TopicSearchBase";
+
+export const TopicNormal: TopicNormalResolvers = {
+  ...TopicSearchBase,
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicOne.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicOne.ts
index 75c02d1..fb24373 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicOne.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicOne.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import type   { TopicOneResolvers } from './../../types.generated';
-    export const TopicOne: TopicOneResolvers = {
-    /* Implement TopicOne resolver logic here */
-        subscribe: () => { /* TopicOne.subscribe resolver is required because TopicOne.subscribe exists but TopicOneMapper.subscribe does not */ }
-    };
\ No newline at end of file
+import type { TopicOneResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { TopicSearchBase } from "./TopicSearchBase";
+
+export const TopicOne: TopicOneResolvers = {
+  ...TopicSearchBase,
+};
diff --git a/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicSearchBase.ts b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicSearchBase.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a8843b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/server/src/schema/topic/resolvers/TopicSearchBase.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import type { TopicSearchResolvers } from "./../../types.generated";
+import { TopicBase } from "./TopicBase";
+
+export const TopicSearchBase: Omit<TopicSearchResolvers, "__resolveType"> = {
+  ...TopicBase,
+};