present-perfect.md

Present Perfect

Use

• О результате, т. е. действии, которое произошло в прошлом, но его результат виден и важен в настоящем (e. g. I have broken a cup)
• О жизненном опыте (e. g. I have been to Ural Mountains)
• Об измениях: о ситуациях и событиях, которые менялись в течение периода времени (e. g. My English has really improved since the beginning of this year)
• О достижениях (e. g. The humans have been to the Moon)
• О действих, которые повторялись несколько раз в прошлом (e. g. I have tried to learn English several times)
• О незавершенных действиях в прошлом (e. g. My brother hasn't washed all the plates yet)

Phrases

• Today
• This year/ month
• Already
• Before
• Ever
• Never
• Lately
• Recently
• Yet
• Since
• For
• So far

Order

Yet

В конце предложения

Have you been to Europe?
No, I have not been there yet.

Already, never, ever

Перед смысловым глаголом

I have already done my homework.
I have never been to Ireland.
This is the tastiest cheese I've ever tried.

have never = haven't ever

So far, before, since, for

В конце предложения

I have not met my other half so far.

Just now

С just now используется Past Simple

May I please tell you what happened in the class just now?

Forms

Positives

I/ we/ you/ they have + V-ed/ V3
He/ she/ it has + V-ed/ V3

I have had this car since 2001.

Questions

Have I/ we/ you/ they + V-ed/ V3?
Has he/ she/ it + V-ed/ V3?

Have you been to London?

Where + have + I + V-ed/ V3?

When have you been to London?
What has happened?

Negatives

I/ we/ you/ they haven't + V-ed/ V3
He/ she/ it hasn't + V-ed/ V3

She hasn't seen Tom today.
I have never been to Australia.