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3. Shell.md

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The Shell

The Unix shell provides a user interface. “The most basic UNIX shell provides a 'command line' which allows you to type in commands which are translated by the shell into kernel speak and sent off to the kernel.”

$ cat /etc/shells
sh: Bourne shell
csh: C-shell
tcsh: C-shell enhanced with file name completion and command line editing.
ksh: Korn shell
bash: Bourne again shell
zsh: Z shell (oh my zsh)

BASH "Bourne Again SHell" It was a replament for the Bourne Shell. Shell scripting is scripting in any shell. BASH scripting is scripting for BASH.

When you launch a terminal you get a terminal emulator window with bash running inside of it, generally by default.

Default shell for most linux, MacOS, WSL and solaris https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)

Basic commmands

Who am I

whoami

Which groups am I in

groups

Is dotnet installed and version (hopefully 2.1)

dotnet --info

List files and directorys

ls
ls -l #long format, include permissions
ls -a #include hidden files
ls -la
ls -la .ssh

See your public key

cat .ssh/authorized_keys

Create a directory

mkdir newdir
mkdir newdir1 newdir2 newdir3
mkdir -p newdir/sonof/grandsonof
mkdir -m 777 foo

Remove files and directories

rm file.txt
rmdir directory
rm -r directory

Create a file

touch filename

Show contents of file

cat file.txt

Show running process

top
top -u user #user processes
  • q - quit
  • k - kill
  • c - absolute path of process
  • shift+p - sort by cpu

List of processes

ps
ps -A

Manual pages

$ man grep

Zipping files

tar -czvf name-of-archive.tar.gz /path/to/directory-or-file
  • -c: Create an archive.
  • -z: Compress the archive with gzip.
  • -v: Display progress in the terminal while creating the archive, also known as “verbose” mode. The v is always optional in these commands, but it’s helpful.
  • -f: Allows you to specify the filename of the archive.
  • -C: Change directory before hand

Create a user useradd [options] {username}

useradd user
useradd -m -d /home/user -s /bin/bash user

Find the username

cat /etc/passwd | grep user