diff --git a/.github/workflows/sentry_ruby_test.yml b/.github/workflows/sentry_ruby_test.yml
index 688b54042..bc6a1ad64 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/sentry_ruby_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sentry_ruby_test.yml
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: sentry-ruby
     name: Ruby ${{ matrix.ruby_version }} & Rack ${{ matrix.rack_version }}, options - ${{ toJson(matrix.options) }}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 0b513cc74..7e3c680b2 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -12,5 +12,6 @@ Gemfile.lock
 .ruby-gemset
 .idea
 *.rdb
+.rgignore
 
 examples/**/node_modules
diff --git a/.rubocop.yml b/.rubocop.yml
index 451fd8589..9286a27d3 100644
--- a/.rubocop.yml
+++ b/.rubocop.yml
@@ -4,7 +4,17 @@ inherit_gem:
 Layout/SpaceInsideArrayLiteralBrackets:
   Enabled: false
 
+Layout/EmptyLineAfterMagicComment:
+  Enabled: true
+
+Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment:
+  Enabled: true
+
+Style/RedundantFreeze:
+  Enabled: true
+
 AllCops:
   Exclude:
     - "sentry-raven/**/*"
     - "sentry-*/tmp/**/*"
+    - "sentry-*/examples/**/*"
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index bac1d3102..b3dcdbf7e 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,10 +1,61 @@
 ## Unreleased
 
+### Features 
+
+- Add support for Sentry Cache instrumentation, when using Rails.cache ([#2380](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2380))
+
+## 5.21.0
+
 ### Features
 
-- Add support for $SENTRY_DEBUG and $SENTRY_SPOTLIGHT ([#2374](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2374))
+- Experimental support for multi-threaded profiling using [Vernier](https://github.com/jhawthorn/vernier) ([#2372](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2372))
+
+  You can have much better profiles if you're using multi-threaded servers like Puma now by leveraging Vernier.
+  To use it, first add `vernier` to your `Gemfile` and make sure it is loaded before `sentry-ruby`.
+
+  ```ruby
+  # Gemfile
+
+  gem 'vernier'
+  gem 'sentry-ruby'
+  ```
+
+  Then, set a `profiles_sample_rate` and the new `profiler_class` configuration in your sentry initializer to use the new profiler.
+
+  ```ruby
+  # config/initializers/sentry.rb
+
+  Sentry.init do |config|
+    # ...
+    config.profiles_sample_rate = 1.0
+    config.profiler_class = Sentry::Vernier::Profiler
+  end
+  ```
+
+### Internal
+
+- Profile items have bigger size limit now ([#2421](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2421))
+- Consistent string freezing ([#2422](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2422))
+
+## 5.20.1
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- Skip `rubocop.yml` in `spec.files` ([#2420](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2420))
+
+## 5.20.0
+
+- Add support for `$SENTRY_DEBUG` and `$SENTRY_SPOTLIGHT` ([#2374](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2374))
 - Support human readable intervals in `sidekiq-cron` ([#2387](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2387))
-- Add support for Sentry Cache instrumentation, when using Rails.cache ([#2380](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2380))
+- Set default app dirs pattern ([#2390](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2390))
+- Add new `strip_backtrace_load_path` boolean config (default true) to enable disabling load path stripping ([#2409](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2409))
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- Fix error events missing a DSC when there's an active span ([#2408](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2408))
+- Verifies presence of client before adding a breadcrumb ([#2394](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2394))
+- Fix `Net:HTTP` integration for non-ASCII URI's ([#2417](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2417))
+- Prevent Hub from having nil scope and client ([#2402](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/pull/2402))
 
 ## 5.19.0
 
diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index c897e543f..9847a55e8 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/Gemfile b/sentry-delayed_job/Gemfile
index 936bec48a..48e80fbdc 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/Rakefile b/sentry-delayed_job/Rakefile
index 7b2756854..13afab191 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/Rakefile
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/gem_tasks"
 require "rspec/core/rake_task"
 
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/bin/console b/sentry-delayed_job/bin/console
index 660c7a889..f0f5a7b6a 100755
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/bin/console
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/bin/console
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "bundler/setup"
 require "sentry/ruby"
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/example/Gemfile b/sentry-delayed_job/example/Gemfile
index 2ed843ab1..d138c16d5 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/example/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/example/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
 gem "rails"
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/example/app.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/example/app.rb
index bcec27c52..04f391468 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/example/app.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/example/app.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_job"
 require "active_record"
 require "delayed_job"
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry-delayed_job.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry-delayed_job.rb
index f96b03b6a..bc961259f 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry-delayed_job.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry-delayed_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "delayed_job"
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/integrable"
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/configuration.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/configuration.rb
index 4408b37af..42ee8e63c 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/configuration.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/configuration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   class Configuration
     attr_reader :delayed_job
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/version.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/version.rb
index 95d3630b0..e9d6999c6 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/version.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/lib/sentry/delayed_job/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module DelayedJob
-    VERSION = "5.19.0"
+    VERSION = "5.21.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/sentry-delayed_job.gemspec b/sentry-delayed_job/sentry-delayed_job.gemspec
index e97096bcb..fc6a50341 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/sentry-delayed_job.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/sentry-delayed_job.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "lib/sentry/delayed_job/version"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   github_root_uri = 'https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby'
   spec.homepage = "#{github_root_uri}/tree/#{spec.version}/#{spec.name}"
@@ -28,6 +30,6 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.19.0"
+  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.21.0"
   spec.add_dependency "delayed_job", ">= 4.0"
 end
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job/configuration_spec.rb
index fdde5b4f5..a785f53c3 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::DelayedJob::Configuration do
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job_spec.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job_spec.rb
index ac2d31fb1..24a1de77d 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/spec/sentry/delayed_job_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::DelayedJob do
diff --git a/sentry-delayed_job/spec/spec_helper.rb b/sentry-delayed_job/spec/spec_helper.rb
index 2d8bf6d10..3e07723bb 100644
--- a/sentry-delayed_job/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-delayed_job/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/setup"
 begin
   require "debug/prelude"
diff --git a/sentry-opentelemetry/Gemfile b/sentry-opentelemetry/Gemfile
index e084c17c6..b30d36d42 100644
--- a/sentry-opentelemetry/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-opentelemetry/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
diff --git a/sentry-opentelemetry/Rakefile b/sentry-opentelemetry/Rakefile
index 7b2756854..13afab191 100644
--- a/sentry-opentelemetry/Rakefile
+++ b/sentry-opentelemetry/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/gem_tasks"
 require "rspec/core/rake_task"
 
diff --git a/sentry-opentelemetry/lib/sentry/opentelemetry/version.rb b/sentry-opentelemetry/lib/sentry/opentelemetry/version.rb
index ddc0cbe67..d9e8b1083 100644
--- a/sentry-opentelemetry/lib/sentry/opentelemetry/version.rb
+++ b/sentry-opentelemetry/lib/sentry/opentelemetry/version.rb
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 module Sentry
   module OpenTelemetry
-    VERSION = "5.19.0"
+    VERSION = "5.21.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-opentelemetry/sentry-opentelemetry.gemspec b/sentry-opentelemetry/sentry-opentelemetry.gemspec
index aaee606be..516908891 100644
--- a/sentry-opentelemetry/sentry-opentelemetry.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-opentelemetry/sentry-opentelemetry.gemspec
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   github_root_uri = 'https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby'
   spec.homepage = "#{github_root_uri}/tree/#{spec.version}/#{spec.name}"
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.19.0"
+  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.21.0"
   spec.add_dependency "opentelemetry-sdk", "~> 1.0"
 end
diff --git a/sentry-rails/Gemfile b/sentry-rails/Gemfile
index e203e41a1..7695eff15 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-rails/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/Rakefile b/sentry-rails/Rakefile
index 2624fb72e..d58f59ad2 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/Rakefile
+++ b/sentry-rails/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/gem_tasks"
 require "rspec/core/rake_task"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/app/jobs/sentry/send_event_job.rb b/sentry-rails/app/jobs/sentry/send_event_job.rb
index 75ac80529..06ca59172 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/app/jobs/sentry/send_event_job.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/app/jobs/sentry/send_event_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 if defined?(ActiveJob)
   module Sentry
     parent_job =
diff --git a/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb b/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb
index f2499d937..15b1e3c4a 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'benchmark/memory'
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/benchmarks/benchmark_transport"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb b/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb
index 13fee1513..9bc691a26 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'benchmark/ipsa'
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/benchmarks/benchmark_transport"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/benchmarks/application.rb b/sentry-rails/benchmarks/application.rb
index fa4d3f5e8..0ef435cee 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/benchmarks/application.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/benchmarks/application.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/all"
 require "action_controller"
 require_relative "../spec/support/test_rails_app/app"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/bin/console b/sentry-rails/bin/console
index 660c7a889..f0f5a7b6a 100755
--- a/sentry-rails/bin/console
+++ b/sentry-rails/bin/console
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "bundler/setup"
 require "sentry/ruby"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/generators/sentry_generator.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/generators/sentry_generator.rb
index de694e40d..e293dae95 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/generators/sentry_generator.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/generators/sentry_generator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rails/generators/base"
 
 class SentryGenerator < ::Rails::Generators::Base
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry-rails.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry-rails.rb
index c436e1dfa..a8d6499b1 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry-rails.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry-rails.rb
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/version"
 require "sentry/rails"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails.rb
index 14c8e1b80..b4b79dd85 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rails"
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/integrable"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/action_cable.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/action_cable.rb
index 06833a68b..222aab1b8 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/action_cable.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/action_cable.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module ActionCableExtensions
       class ErrorHandler
-        OP_NAME = "websocket.server".freeze
+        OP_NAME = "websocket.server"
         SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.http.rails.actioncable"
 
         class << self
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/active_job.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/active_job.rb
index afdf87cd7..953af632b 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/active_job.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/active_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module ActiveJobExtensions
@@ -16,8 +18,8 @@ def already_supported_by_sentry_integration?
       end
 
       class SentryReporter
-        OP_NAME = "queue.active_job".freeze
-        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.queue.active_job".freeze
+        OP_NAME = "queue.active_job"
+        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.queue.active_job"
 
         class << self
           def record(job, &block)
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/background_worker.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/background_worker.rb
index 56dcd6609..2c0cc7a71 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/background_worker.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/background_worker.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   class BackgroundWorker
     def _perform(&block)
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb
index 25812b97a..57030f733 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/backtrace_cleaner"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/access"
 
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     class BacktraceCleaner < ActiveSupport::BacktraceCleaner
-      APP_DIRS_PATTERN = /\A(?:\.\/)?(?:app|config|lib|test|\(\w*\))/.freeze
-      RENDER_TEMPLATE_PATTERN = /:in `.*_\w+_{2,3}\d+_\d+'/.freeze
+      APP_DIRS_PATTERN = /\A(?:\.\/)?(?:app|config|lib|test|\(\w*\))/
+      RENDER_TEMPLATE_PATTERN = /:in `.*_\w+_{2,3}\d+_\d+'/
 
       def initialize
         super
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/active_support_logger.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/active_support_logger.rb
index 9dfdd1d26..a301cb960 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/active_support_logger.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/active_support_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module Breadcrumb
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/monotonic_active_support_logger.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/monotonic_active_support_logger.rb
index 71785d256..541f9bea3 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/monotonic_active_support_logger.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/breadcrumb/monotonic_active_support_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/instrument_payload_cleanup_helper"
 
 module Sentry
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/capture_exceptions.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/capture_exceptions.rb
index 3216d2a3a..f571bd689 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/capture_exceptions.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/capture_exceptions.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     class CaptureExceptions < Sentry::Rack::CaptureExceptions
       RAILS_7_1 = Gem::Version.new(::Rails.version) >= Gem::Version.new("7.1.0.alpha")
-      SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.http.rails".freeze
+      SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.http.rails"
 
       def initialize(_)
         super
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ def collect_exception(env)
       end
 
       def transaction_op
-        "http.server".freeze
+        "http.server"
       end
 
       def capture_exception(exception, env)
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/configuration.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/configuration.rb
index c88a2a7c7..a28a07f69 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/configuration.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/configuration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber"
 require "sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber"
 require "sentry/rails/tracing/active_record_subscriber"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_methods.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_methods.rb
index 90330e946..aa8b4f3e4 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_methods.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module ControllerMethods
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_transaction.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_transaction.rb
index cd3ffa38b..8f19bb63d 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_transaction.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/controller_transaction.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module ControllerTransaction
-      SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.view.rails".freeze
+      SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.view.rails"
 
       def self.included(base)
         base.prepend_around_action(:sentry_around_action)
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/engine.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/engine.rb
index 12ac173a7..dc50819cd 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/engine.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/engine.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   class Engine < ::Rails::Engine
     isolate_namespace Sentry
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/error_subscriber.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/error_subscriber.rb
index fac675dbf..dad598c51 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/error_subscriber.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/error_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     # This is not a user-facing class. You should use it with Rails 7.0's error reporter feature and its interfaces.
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/instrument_payload_cleanup_helper.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/instrument_payload_cleanup_helper.rb
index 343d2d41c..07422c5e8 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/instrument_payload_cleanup_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/instrument_payload_cleanup_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module InstrumentPayloadCleanupHelper
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/overrides/streaming_reporter.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/overrides/streaming_reporter.rb
index 5ce0c637b..1fdd4ad60 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/overrides/streaming_reporter.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/overrides/streaming_reporter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module Overrides
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/railtie.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/railtie.rb
index e4926cc0f..0a0cdf213 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/railtie.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/railtie.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/capture_exceptions"
 require "sentry/rails/rescued_exception_interceptor"
 require "sentry/rails/backtrace_cleaner"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/rescued_exception_interceptor.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/rescued_exception_interceptor.rb
index 2c977dba4..43cb69db1 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/rescued_exception_interceptor.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/rescued_exception_interceptor.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     class RescuedExceptionInterceptor
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing.rb
index 3c5ae2222..82509ab8b 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module Tracing
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber.rb
index fec3f7bde..7ba338c6b 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
     module Tracing
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber.rb
index 11e9eadf2..42b89ce32 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber"
 require "sentry/rails/instrument_payload_cleanup_helper"
 
@@ -8,8 +10,8 @@ class ActionControllerSubscriber < AbstractSubscriber
         extend InstrumentPayloadCleanupHelper
 
         EVENT_NAMES = ["process_action.action_controller"].freeze
-        OP_NAME = "view.process_action.action_controller".freeze
-        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.view.rails".freeze
+        OP_NAME = "view.process_action.action_controller"
+        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.view.rails"
 
         def self.subscribe!
           Sentry.logger.warn <<~MSG
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber.rb
index baed2c7e5..3f56d72ac 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber"
 
 module Sentry
@@ -5,8 +7,8 @@ module Rails
     module Tracing
       class ActionViewSubscriber < AbstractSubscriber
         EVENT_NAMES = ["render_template.action_view"].freeze
-        SPAN_PREFIX = "template.".freeze
-        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.template.rails".freeze
+        SPAN_PREFIX = "template."
+        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.template.rails"
 
         def self.subscribe!
           subscribe_to_event(EVENT_NAMES) do |event_name, duration, payload|
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber.rb
index 5d62bad22..50ee0d703 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/rails/tracing/abstract_subscriber"
 
 module Sentry
@@ -19,12 +21,12 @@ class ActiveStorageSubscriber < AbstractSubscriber
           analyze.active_storage
         ].freeze
 
-        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.file.rails".freeze
+        SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.file.rails"
 
         def self.subscribe!
           subscribe_to_event(EVENT_NAMES) do |event_name, duration, payload|
             record_on_current_span(
-              op: "file.#{event_name}".freeze,
+              op: "file.#{event_name}",
               origin: SPAN_ORIGIN,
               start_timestamp: payload[START_TIMESTAMP_NAME],
               description: payload[:service],
diff --git a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/version.rb b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/version.rb
index ac6bcb23b..f234ea7ea 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/version.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Rails
-    VERSION = "5.19.0"
+    VERSION = "5.21.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-rails/sentry-rails.gemspec b/sentry-rails/sentry-rails.gemspec
index 7cfdd0e70..ebb19c1b0 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/sentry-rails.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-rails/sentry-rails.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "lib/sentry/rails/version"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   github_root_uri = 'https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby'
   spec.homepage = "#{github_root_uri}/tree/#{spec.version}/#{spec.name}"
@@ -29,5 +31,5 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
   spec.add_dependency "railties", ">= 5.0"
-  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.19.0"
+  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.21.0"
 end
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/app.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/app.rb
index c1181e5ff..9e9ccfd6d 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/app.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/app.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ENV["RAILS_ENV"] = "test"
 
 require "rails"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-0.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-0.rb
index f1b3a2758..a68a68358 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-0.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-0.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   create_table :posts, force: true do |t|
   end
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-2.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-2.rb
index e7b1f2180..9dfcf0d62 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-2.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/5-2.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", null: false
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-0.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-0.rb
index e7b1f2180..9dfcf0d62 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-0.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-0.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", null: false
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-1.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-1.rb
index ac504704e..a9148a3ee 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-1.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/6-1.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", null: false
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-0.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-0.rb
index ac504704e..a9148a3ee 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-0.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-0.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", null: false
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-1.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-1.rb
index ac504704e..a9148a3ee 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-1.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/apps/7-1.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", null: false
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-0.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-0.rb
index 70cb662b3..d291ac8f8 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-0.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-0.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 def run_pre_initialize_cleanup; end
 
 def configure_app(app); end
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-2.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-2.rb
index f6b4f39e5..d5d88d8b6 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-2.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/5-2.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_storage/engine"
 
 def run_pre_initialize_cleanup; end
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-0.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-0.rb
index 7b0673b3c..bab5746a8 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-0.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-0.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_storage/engine"
 require "action_cable/engine"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-1.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-1.rb
index 4532be7ca..e36c83344 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-1.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/6-1.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_storage/engine"
 require "action_cable/engine"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-0.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-0.rb
index dd5d0716c..84652ae04 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-0.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-0.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_storage/engine"
 require "action_cable/engine"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-1.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-1.rb
index d17545fe0..d0126d985 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-1.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-1.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_storage/engine"
 require "action_cable/engine"
 require "sentry/rails/error_subscriber"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-2.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-2.rb
index d17545fe0..d0126d985 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-2.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/dummy/test_rails_app/configs/7-2.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_storage/engine"
 require "action_cable/engine"
 require "sentry/rails/error_subscriber"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/action_cable_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/action_cable_spec.rb
index 4b353adff..e47ad2efa 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/action_cable_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/action_cable_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 if defined?(ActionCable) && ActionCable.version >= Gem::Version.new('6.0.0')
   require "spec_helper"
   require "action_cable/engine"
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/activejob_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/activejob_spec.rb
index f5892d944..9e9e0ce36 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/activejob_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/activejob_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 require "active_job/railtie"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/active_support_logger_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/active_support_logger_spec.rb
index b156eaf59..e6a0ae6e3 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/active_support_logger_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/active_support_logger_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe "Sentry::Breadcrumbs::ActiveSupportLogger", type: :request do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/monotonic_active_support_logger_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/monotonic_active_support_logger_spec.rb
index 0334531f6..031443c25 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/monotonic_active_support_logger_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/breadcrumbs/monotonic_active_support_logger_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/client_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/client_spec.rb
index 81c847b9d..86ef1e110 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/client_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/client_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Client, type: :request, retry: 3, skip: Gem::Version.new(Rails.version) < Gem::Version.new('5.1.0') do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/configuration_spec.rb
index 91cf21c4e..37c5a41d6 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails::Configuration do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/controller_methods_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/controller_methods_spec.rb
index a751e1366..6254dc290 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/controller_methods_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/controller_methods_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require "sentry/rails/controller_methods"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/error_subscriber_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/error_subscriber_spec.rb
index 1bce4baca..1dcc1a0f4 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/error_subscriber_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/error_subscriber_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'sentry/rails/error_subscriber'
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/event_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/event_spec.rb
index 674615f3a..6c3f7b661 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/event_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/event_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Event do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber_spec.rb
index f147e1b8e..9d0a4df4e 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_controller_subscriber_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails::Tracing::ActionControllerSubscriber, :subscriber, type: :request do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber_spec.rb
index aa2473312..555584024 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/action_view_subscriber_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails::Tracing::ActionViewSubscriber, :subscriber, type: :request do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_record_subscriber_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_record_subscriber_spec.rb
index aa29b82d2..2441a63d3 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_record_subscriber_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_record_subscriber_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails::Tracing::ActiveRecordSubscriber, :subscriber do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber_spec.rb
index 5d34db1e3..a5e186d7e 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing/active_storage_subscriber_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails::Tracing::ActiveStorageSubscriber, :subscriber, type: :request, skip: Rails.version.to_f <= 5.2 do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing_spec.rb
index 287bd8acc..927e11c8e 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/tracing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails::Tracing, type: :request do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb
index 88c1dae1f..dd069db81 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Rails, type: :request do
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/send_event_job_spec.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/send_event_job_spec.rb
index c50130f65..00f89b2ed 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/send_event_job_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/sentry/send_event_job_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_job"
 require "spec_helper"
 
diff --git a/sentry-rails/spec/spec_helper.rb b/sentry-rails/spec/spec_helper.rb
index 55d3334d3..68b7d5a04 100644
--- a/sentry-rails/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-rails/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/setup"
 begin
   require "debug/prelude"
diff --git a/sentry-resque/Gemfile b/sentry-resque/Gemfile
index 58c13cada..96f47a3a5 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-resque/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
diff --git a/sentry-resque/Gemfile_with_rails.rb b/sentry-resque/Gemfile_with_rails.rb
index bceb75350..306b36624 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/Gemfile_with_rails.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/Gemfile_with_rails.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 eval_gemfile File.expand_path("Gemfile", __dir__)
 
 gem "sentry-rails", path: "../sentry-rails"
diff --git a/sentry-resque/Rakefile b/sentry-resque/Rakefile
index 7b2756854..13afab191 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/Rakefile
+++ b/sentry-resque/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/gem_tasks"
 require "rspec/core/rake_task"
 
diff --git a/sentry-resque/bin/console b/sentry-resque/bin/console
index 660c7a889..f0f5a7b6a 100755
--- a/sentry-resque/bin/console
+++ b/sentry-resque/bin/console
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "bundler/setup"
 require "sentry/ruby"
diff --git a/sentry-resque/example/Gemfile b/sentry-resque/example/Gemfile
index b9432d218..20d98ac4a 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/example/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-resque/example/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
 gem "rails"
diff --git a/sentry-resque/example/app.rb b/sentry-resque/example/app.rb
index 843e8c028..2e85eca19 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/example/app.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/example/app.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_job"
 require "resque"
 require "sentry-resque"
diff --git a/sentry-resque/lib/sentry-resque.rb b/sentry-resque/lib/sentry-resque.rb
index 10af757c0..1d499af8a 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/lib/sentry-resque.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/lib/sentry-resque.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "resque"
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/integrable"
diff --git a/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/configuration.rb b/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/configuration.rb
index f0d7ffae8..126d6f7eb 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/configuration.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/configuration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   class Configuration
     attr_reader :resque
diff --git a/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/version.rb b/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/version.rb
index 9e6a6ec4f..e8e9d7466 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/version.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/lib/sentry/resque/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Resque
-    VERSION = "5.19.0"
+    VERSION = "5.21.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-resque/sentry-resque.gemspec b/sentry-resque/sentry-resque.gemspec
index 36d777b00..1f5dd7085 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/sentry-resque.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-resque/sentry-resque.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "lib/sentry/resque/version"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   github_root_uri = 'https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby'
   spec.homepage = "#{github_root_uri}/tree/#{spec.version}/#{spec.name}"
@@ -28,6 +30,6 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.19.0"
+  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.21.0"
   spec.add_dependency "resque", ">= 1.24"
 end
diff --git a/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque/configuration_spec.rb
index abde7c4d4..af2f464d9 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Resque::Configuration do
diff --git a/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque_spec.rb b/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque_spec.rb
index 2a4739b6f..7239284e3 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/resque_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 def process_job(worker)
diff --git a/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/tracing_spec.rb b/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/tracing_spec.rb
index e77b84f4e..bf81f9006 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/tracing_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/spec/sentry/tracing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Resque do
diff --git a/sentry-resque/spec/spec_helper.rb b/sentry-resque/spec/spec_helper.rb
index dd212aab3..73b3baefe 100644
--- a/sentry-resque/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-resque/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/setup"
 begin
   require "debug/prelude"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/.rubocop.yml b/sentry-ruby/.rubocop.yml
new file mode 120000
index 000000000..7cc18e076
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/.rubocop.yml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../.rubocop.yml
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/Gemfile b/sentry-ruby/Gemfile
index c6e1db011..5ca0f99c2 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-ruby/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ gem "puma"
 
 gem "timecop"
 gem "stackprof" unless RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+gem "vernier", platforms: :ruby if RUBY_VERSION >= "3.2.1"
 
 gem "graphql", ">= 2.2.6" if RUBY_VERSION.to_f >= 2.7
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/Rakefile b/sentry-ruby/Rakefile
index c199ef8f8..fb7a8c183 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/Rakefile
+++ b/sentry-ruby/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rake/clean"
 CLOBBER.include "pkg"
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb b/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb
index 90c7b2b19..c765b2ff6 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_comparison.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'benchmark/memory'
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/benchmarks/benchmark_transport"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb b/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb
index 3e0359d72..54fbd4139 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/allocation_report.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'benchmark/ipsa'
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/benchmarks/benchmark_transport"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/exception_locals_capturing.rb b/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/exception_locals_capturing.rb
index 00c05f9e9..6ebc46ee9 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/exception_locals_capturing.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/benchmarks/exception_locals_capturing.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'benchmark/ips'
 
 def raise_n_exceptions(n, with_sleep: false)
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/bin/console b/sentry-ruby/bin/console
index 57a532604..6ab9e0413 100755
--- a/sentry-ruby/bin/console
+++ b/sentry-ruby/bin/console
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "bundler/setup"
 require "debug"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry-ruby.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry-ruby.rb
index 734bc2cc9..6dcf99671 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry-ruby.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry-ruby.rb
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 require "sentry/backpressure_monitor"
 require "sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins"
 require "sentry/metrics"
+require "sentry/vernier/profiler"
 
 [
   "sentry/rake",
@@ -41,11 +42,11 @@ module Sentry
 
   CAPTURED_SIGNATURE = :@__sentry_captured
 
-  LOGGER_PROGNAME = "sentry".freeze
+  LOGGER_PROGNAME = "sentry"
 
-  SENTRY_TRACE_HEADER_NAME = "sentry-trace".freeze
+  SENTRY_TRACE_HEADER_NAME = "sentry-trace"
 
-  BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME = "baggage".freeze
+  BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME = "baggage"
 
   THREAD_LOCAL = :sentry_hub
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/attachment.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/attachment.rb
index 71a2b2b76..847d58c47 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/attachment.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/attachment.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class Attachment
 
     def initialize(bytes: nil, filename: nil, content_type: nil, path: nil)
       @bytes = bytes
-      @filename = infer_filename(filename, path)
+      @filename = filename || infer_filename(path)
       @path = path
       @content_type = content_type
     end
@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@ def payload
 
     private
 
-    def infer_filename(filename, path)
-      return filename if filename
-
+    def infer_filename(path)
       if path
         File.basename(path)
       else
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/backtrace.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/backtrace.rb
index b7ebb2159..5fd2aadff 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/backtrace.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/backtrace.rb
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ class Line
         ^ \s* (?: [a-zA-Z]: | uri:classloader: )? ([^:]+ | <.*>):
         (\d+)
         (?: :in\s('|`)([^']+)')?$
-      /x.freeze
+      /x
 
       # org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:170)
-      JAVA_INPUT_FORMAT = /^(.+)\.([^\.]+)\(([^\:]+)\:(\d+)\)$/.freeze
+      JAVA_INPUT_FORMAT = /^(.+)\.([^\.]+)\(([^\:]+)\:(\d+)\)$/
 
       # The file portion of the line (such as app/models/user.rb)
       attr_reader :file
@@ -80,8 +80,6 @@ def inspect
       end
     end
 
-    APP_DIRS_PATTERN = /(bin|exe|app|config|lib|test|spec)/.freeze
-
     # holder for an Array of Backtrace::Line instances
     attr_reader :lines
 
@@ -91,7 +89,7 @@ def self.parse(backtrace, project_root, app_dirs_pattern, &backtrace_cleanup_cal
       ruby_lines = backtrace_cleanup_callback.call(ruby_lines) if backtrace_cleanup_callback
 
       in_app_pattern ||= begin
-        Regexp.new("^(#{project_root}/)?#{app_dirs_pattern || APP_DIRS_PATTERN}")
+        Regexp.new("^(#{project_root}/)?#{app_dirs_pattern}")
       end
 
       lines = ruby_lines.to_a.map do |unparsed_line|
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/baggage.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/baggage.rb
index 2b375a846..dc02dd8e6 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/baggage.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/baggage.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Sentry
   # A {https://www.w3.org/TR/baggage W3C Baggage Header} implementation.
   class Baggage
     SENTRY_PREFIX = "sentry-"
-    SENTRY_PREFIX_REGEX = /^sentry-/.freeze
+    SENTRY_PREFIX_REGEX = /^sentry-/
 
     # @return [Hash]
     attr_reader :items
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/configuration.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/configuration.rb
index 4fb927cb4..b13c81c49 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/configuration.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/configuration.rb
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 require "concurrent/utility/processor_counter"
 
 require "sentry/utils/exception_cause_chain"
-require 'sentry/utils/custom_inspection'
-require 'sentry/utils/env_helper'
+require "sentry/utils/custom_inspection"
+require "sentry/utils/env_helper"
 require "sentry/dsn"
 require "sentry/release_detector"
 require "sentry/transport/configuration"
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ class Configuration
     # have an `engines` dir at the root of your project, you may want
     # to set this to something like /(app|config|engines|lib)/
     #
+    # The default is value is /(bin|exe|app|config|lib|test|spec)/
+    #
     # @return [Regexp, nil]
     attr_accessor :app_dirs_pattern
 
@@ -188,6 +190,11 @@ def capture_exception_frame_locals=(value)
     # @return [String]
     attr_accessor :project_root
 
+    # Whether to strip the load path while constructing the backtrace frame filename.
+    # Defaults to true.
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    attr_accessor :strip_backtrace_load_path
+
     # Insert sentry-trace to outgoing requests' headers
     # @return [Boolean]
     attr_accessor :propagate_traces
@@ -284,6 +291,10 @@ def capture_exception_frame_locals=(value)
     # @return [Symbol]
     attr_reader :instrumenter
 
+    # The profiler class
+    # @return [Class]
+    attr_reader :profiler_class
+
     # Take a float between 0.0 and 1.0 as the sample rate for capturing profiles.
     # Note that this rate is relative to traces_sample_rate / traces_sampler,
     # i.e. the profile is sampled by this rate after the transaction is sampled.
@@ -324,18 +335,20 @@ def capture_exception_frame_locals=(value)
     ].freeze
 
     HEROKU_DYNO_METADATA_MESSAGE = "You are running on Heroku but haven't enabled Dyno Metadata. For Sentry's "\
-    "release detection to work correctly, please run `heroku labs:enable runtime-dyno-metadata`".freeze
+    "release detection to work correctly, please run `heroku labs:enable runtime-dyno-metadata`"
 
-    LOG_PREFIX = "** [Sentry] ".freeze
-    MODULE_SEPARATOR = "::".freeze
+    LOG_PREFIX = "** [Sentry] "
+    MODULE_SEPARATOR = "::"
     SKIP_INSPECTION_ATTRIBUTES = [:@linecache, :@stacktrace_builder]
 
     INSTRUMENTERS = [:sentry, :otel]
 
-    PROPAGATION_TARGETS_MATCH_ALL = /.*/.freeze
+    PROPAGATION_TARGETS_MATCH_ALL = /.*/
 
     DEFAULT_PATCHES = %i[redis puma http].freeze
 
+    APP_DIRS_PATTERN = /(bin|exe|app|config|lib|test|spec)/
+
     class << self
       # Post initialization callbacks are called at the end of initialization process
       # allowing extending the configuration of sentry-ruby by multiple extensions
@@ -350,11 +363,12 @@ def add_post_initialization_callback(&block)
     end
 
     def initialize
-      self.app_dirs_pattern = nil
+      self.app_dirs_pattern = APP_DIRS_PATTERN
       self.debug = Sentry::Utils::EnvHelper.env_to_bool(ENV["SENTRY_DEBUG"])
       self.background_worker_threads = (processor_count / 2.0).ceil
       self.background_worker_max_queue = BackgroundWorker::DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUE
       self.backtrace_cleanup_callback = nil
+      self.strip_backtrace_load_path = true
       self.max_breadcrumbs = BreadcrumbBuffer::DEFAULT_SIZE
       self.breadcrumbs_logger = []
       self.context_lines = 3
@@ -377,9 +391,9 @@ def initialize
       self.auto_session_tracking = true
       self.enable_backpressure_handling = false
       self.trusted_proxies = []
-      self.dsn = ENV['SENTRY_DSN']
+      self.dsn = ENV["SENTRY_DSN"]
 
-      spotlight_env = ENV['SENTRY_SPOTLIGHT']
+      spotlight_env = ENV["SENTRY_SPOTLIGHT"]
       spotlight_bool = Sentry::Utils::EnvHelper.env_to_bool(spotlight_env, strict: true)
       self.spotlight = spotlight_bool.nil? ? (spotlight_env || false) : spotlight_bool
       self.server_name = server_name_from_env
@@ -393,6 +407,8 @@ def initialize
       self.traces_sampler = nil
       self.enable_tracing = nil
 
+      self.profiler_class = Sentry::Profiler
+
       @transport = Transport::Configuration.new
       @cron = Cron::Configuration.new
       @metrics = Metrics::Configuration.new
@@ -488,6 +504,18 @@ def profiles_sample_rate=(profiles_sample_rate)
       @profiles_sample_rate = profiles_sample_rate
     end
 
+    def profiler_class=(profiler_class)
+      if profiler_class == Sentry::Vernier::Profiler
+        begin
+          require "vernier"
+        rescue LoadError
+          raise ArgumentError, "Please add the 'vernier' gem to your Gemfile to use the Vernier profiler with Sentry."
+        end
+      end
+
+      @profiler_class = profiler_class
+    end
+
     def sending_allowed?
       spotlight || sending_to_dsn_allowed?
     end
@@ -559,7 +587,8 @@ def stacktrace_builder
         app_dirs_pattern: @app_dirs_pattern,
         linecache: @linecache,
         context_lines: @context_lines,
-        backtrace_cleanup_callback: @backtrace_cleanup_callback
+        backtrace_cleanup_callback: @backtrace_cleanup_callback,
+        strip_backtrace_load_path: @strip_backtrace_load_path
       )
     end
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins.rb
index ac7e35d81..835ae84ad 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Cron
     module MonitorCheckIns
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope.rb
index 4e1d8acb2..d60e79ba7 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope.rb
@@ -3,91 +3,6 @@
 module Sentry
   # @api private
   class Envelope
-    class Item
-      STACKTRACE_FRAME_LIMIT_ON_OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD = 500
-      MAX_SERIALIZED_PAYLOAD_SIZE = 1024 * 1000
-
-      attr_accessor :headers, :payload
-
-      def initialize(headers, payload)
-        @headers = headers
-        @payload = payload
-      end
-
-      def type
-        @headers[:type] || "event"
-      end
-
-      # rate limits and client reports use the data_category rather than envelope item type
-      def self.data_category(type)
-        case type
-        when "session", "attachment", "transaction", "profile", "span" then type
-        when "sessions" then "session"
-        when "check_in" then "monitor"
-        when "statsd", "metric_meta" then "metric_bucket"
-        when "event" then "error"
-        when "client_report" then "internal"
-        else "default"
-        end
-      end
-
-      def data_category
-        self.class.data_category(type)
-      end
-
-      def to_s
-        [JSON.generate(@headers), @payload.is_a?(String) ? @payload : JSON.generate(@payload)].join("\n")
-      end
-
-      def serialize
-        result = to_s
-
-        if result.bytesize > MAX_SERIALIZED_PAYLOAD_SIZE
-          remove_breadcrumbs!
-          result = to_s
-        end
-
-        if result.bytesize > MAX_SERIALIZED_PAYLOAD_SIZE
-          reduce_stacktrace!
-          result = to_s
-        end
-
-        [result, result.bytesize > MAX_SERIALIZED_PAYLOAD_SIZE]
-      end
-
-      def size_breakdown
-        payload.map do |key, value|
-          "#{key}: #{JSON.generate(value).bytesize}"
-        end.join(", ")
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def remove_breadcrumbs!
-        if payload.key?(:breadcrumbs)
-          payload.delete(:breadcrumbs)
-        elsif payload.key?("breadcrumbs")
-          payload.delete("breadcrumbs")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def reduce_stacktrace!
-        if exceptions = payload.dig(:exception, :values) || payload.dig("exception", "values")
-          exceptions.each do |exception|
-            # in most cases there is only one exception (2 or 3 when have multiple causes), so we won't loop through this double condition much
-            traces = exception.dig(:stacktrace, :frames) || exception.dig("stacktrace", "frames")
-
-            if traces && traces.size > STACKTRACE_FRAME_LIMIT_ON_OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD
-              size_on_both_ends = STACKTRACE_FRAME_LIMIT_ON_OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD / 2
-              traces.replace(
-                traces[0..(size_on_both_ends - 1)] + traces[-size_on_both_ends..-1],
-              )
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
     attr_accessor :headers, :items
 
     def initialize(headers = {})
@@ -108,3 +23,5 @@ def event_id
     end
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "envelope/item"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope/item.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope/item.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e1539bf6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/envelope/item.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Sentry
+  # @api private
+  class Envelope::Item
+    STACKTRACE_FRAME_LIMIT_ON_OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD = 500
+    MAX_SERIALIZED_PAYLOAD_SIZE = 1024 * 1000
+
+    SIZE_LIMITS = Hash.new(MAX_SERIALIZED_PAYLOAD_SIZE).update(
+      "profile" => 1024 * 1000 * 50
+    )
+
+    attr_reader :size_limit, :headers, :payload, :type, :data_category
+
+    # rate limits and client reports use the data_category rather than envelope item type
+    def self.data_category(type)
+      case type
+      when "session", "attachment", "transaction", "profile", "span" then type
+      when "sessions" then "session"
+      when "check_in" then "monitor"
+      when "statsd", "metric_meta" then "metric_bucket"
+      when "event" then "error"
+      when "client_report" then "internal"
+      else "default"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize(headers, payload)
+      @headers = headers
+      @payload = payload
+      @type = headers[:type] || "event"
+      @data_category = self.class.data_category(type)
+      @size_limit = SIZE_LIMITS[type]
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      [JSON.generate(@headers), @payload.is_a?(String) ? @payload : JSON.generate(@payload)].join("\n")
+    end
+
+    def serialize
+      result = to_s
+
+      if result.bytesize > size_limit
+        remove_breadcrumbs!
+        result = to_s
+      end
+
+      if result.bytesize > size_limit
+        reduce_stacktrace!
+        result = to_s
+      end
+
+      [result, result.bytesize > size_limit]
+    end
+
+    def size_breakdown
+      payload.map do |key, value|
+        "#{key}: #{JSON.generate(value).bytesize}"
+      end.join(", ")
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def remove_breadcrumbs!
+      if payload.key?(:breadcrumbs)
+        payload.delete(:breadcrumbs)
+      elsif payload.key?("breadcrumbs")
+        payload.delete("breadcrumbs")
+      end
+    end
+
+    def reduce_stacktrace!
+      if exceptions = payload.dig(:exception, :values) || payload.dig("exception", "values")
+        exceptions.each do |exception|
+          # in most cases there is only one exception (2 or 3 when have multiple causes), so we won't loop through this double condition much
+          traces = exception.dig(:stacktrace, :frames) || exception.dig("stacktrace", "frames")
+
+          if traces && traces.size > STACKTRACE_FRAME_LIMIT_ON_OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD
+            size_on_both_ends = STACKTRACE_FRAME_LIMIT_ON_OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD / 2
+            traces.replace(
+              traces[0..(size_on_both_ends - 1)] + traces[-size_on_both_ends..-1],
+            )
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/hub.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/hub.rb
index 66d0b379a..b9b58638d 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/hub.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/hub.rb
@@ -73,7 +73,13 @@ def push_scope
     end
 
     def pop_scope
-      @stack.pop
+      if @stack.size > 1
+        @stack.pop
+      else
+        # We never want to enter a situation where we have no scope and no client
+        client = current_client
+        @stack = [Layer.new(client, Scope.new)]
+      end
     end
 
     def start_transaction(transaction: nil, custom_sampling_context: {}, instrumenter: :sentry, **options)
@@ -214,6 +220,7 @@ def capture_event(event, **options, &block)
     end
 
     def add_breadcrumb(breadcrumb, hint: {})
+      return unless current_client
       return unless configuration.enabled_in_current_env?
 
       if before_breadcrumb = current_client.configuration.before_breadcrumb
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/single_exception.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/single_exception.rb
index f7126e702..db2d54e7b 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/single_exception.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/single_exception.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ class SingleExceptionInterface < Interface
     include CustomInspection
 
     SKIP_INSPECTION_ATTRIBUTES = [:@stacktrace]
-    PROBLEMATIC_LOCAL_VALUE_REPLACEMENT = "[ignored due to error]".freeze
-    OMISSION_MARK = "...".freeze
+    PROBLEMATIC_LOCAL_VALUE_REPLACEMENT = "[ignored due to error]"
+    OMISSION_MARK = "..."
     MAX_LOCAL_BYTES = 1024
 
     attr_reader :type, :module, :thread_id, :stacktrace, :mechanism
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace.rb
index eadf01188..5f4be3719 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace.rb
@@ -27,8 +27,9 @@ class Frame < Interface
       attr_accessor :abs_path, :context_line, :function, :in_app, :filename,
                   :lineno, :module, :pre_context, :post_context, :vars
 
-      def initialize(project_root, line)
+      def initialize(project_root, line, strip_backtrace_load_path = true)
         @project_root = project_root
+        @strip_backtrace_load_path = strip_backtrace_load_path
 
         @abs_path = line.file
         @function = line.method if line.method
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ def to_s
 
       def compute_filename
         return if abs_path.nil?
+        return abs_path unless @strip_backtrace_load_path
 
         prefix =
           if under_project_root? && in_app
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder.rb
index 5edac90c5..d2d0758ec 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder.rb
@@ -17,22 +17,35 @@ class StacktraceBuilder
     # @return [Proc, nil]
     attr_reader :backtrace_cleanup_callback
 
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    attr_reader :strip_backtrace_load_path
+
     # @param project_root [String]
     # @param app_dirs_pattern [Regexp, nil]
     # @param linecache [LineCache]
     # @param context_lines [Integer, nil]
     # @param backtrace_cleanup_callback [Proc, nil]
+    # @param strip_backtrace_load_path [Boolean]
     # @see Configuration#project_root
     # @see Configuration#app_dirs_pattern
     # @see Configuration#linecache
     # @see Configuration#context_lines
     # @see Configuration#backtrace_cleanup_callback
-    def initialize(project_root:, app_dirs_pattern:, linecache:, context_lines:, backtrace_cleanup_callback: nil)
+    # @see Configuration#strip_backtrace_load_path
+    def initialize(
+      project_root:,
+      app_dirs_pattern:,
+      linecache:,
+      context_lines:,
+      backtrace_cleanup_callback: nil,
+      strip_backtrace_load_path: true
+    )
       @project_root = project_root
       @app_dirs_pattern = app_dirs_pattern
       @linecache = linecache
       @context_lines = context_lines
       @backtrace_cleanup_callback = backtrace_cleanup_callback
+      @strip_backtrace_load_path = strip_backtrace_load_path
     end
 
     # Generates a StacktraceInterface with the given backtrace.
@@ -73,7 +86,7 @@ def metrics_code_location(unparsed_line)
     private
 
     def convert_parsed_line_into_frame(line)
-      frame = StacktraceInterface::Frame.new(project_root, line)
+      frame = StacktraceInterface::Frame.new(project_root, line, strip_backtrace_load_path)
       frame.set_context(linecache, context_lines) if context_lines
       frame
     end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/net/http.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/net/http.rb
index c769b4c3d..04820f3d5 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/net/http.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/net/http.rb
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def extract_request_info(req)
         # IPv6 url could look like '::1/path', and that won't parse without
         # wrapping it in square brackets.
         hostname = address =~ Resolv::IPv6::Regex ? "[#{address}]" : address
-        uri = req.uri || URI.parse("#{use_ssl? ? 'https' : 'http'}://#{hostname}#{req.path}")
+        uri = req.uri || URI.parse(URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.escape("#{use_ssl? ? 'https' : 'http'}://#{hostname}#{req.path}"))
         url = "#{uri.scheme}://#{uri.host}#{uri.path}" rescue uri.to_s
 
         result = { method: req.method, url: url }
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler.rb
index cec7c70ce..d81e46024 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "securerandom"
+require_relative "profiler/helpers"
 
 module Sentry
   class Profiler
+    include Profiler::Helpers
+
     VERSION = "1"
     PLATFORM = "ruby"
     # 101 Hz in microseconds
@@ -21,7 +24,7 @@ def initialize(configuration)
       @profiling_enabled = defined?(StackProf) && configuration.profiling_enabled?
       @profiles_sample_rate = configuration.profiles_sample_rate
       @project_root = configuration.project_root
-      @app_dirs_pattern = configuration.app_dirs_pattern || Backtrace::APP_DIRS_PATTERN
+      @app_dirs_pattern = configuration.app_dirs_pattern
       @in_app_pattern = Regexp.new("^(#{@project_root}/)?#{@app_dirs_pattern}")
     end
 
@@ -44,6 +47,10 @@ def stop
       log("Stopped")
     end
 
+    def active_thread_id
+      "0"
+    end
+
     # Sets initial sampling decision of the profile.
     # @return [void]
     def set_initial_sample_decision(transaction_sampled)
@@ -90,13 +97,12 @@ def to_hash
 
       frame_map = {}
 
-      frames = results[:frames].to_enum.with_index.map do |frame, idx|
-        frame_id, frame_data = frame
-
+      frames = results[:frames].map.with_index do |(frame_id, frame_data), idx|
         # need to map over stackprof frame ids to ours
         frame_map[frame_id] = idx
 
         file_path = frame_data[:file]
+        lineno = frame_data[:line]
         in_app = in_app?(file_path)
         filename = compute_filename(file_path, in_app)
         function, mod = split_module(frame_data[:name])
@@ -109,7 +115,7 @@ def to_hash
         }
 
         frame_hash[:module] = mod if mod
-        frame_hash[:lineno] = frame_data[:line] if frame_data[:line] && frame_data[:line] >= 0
+        frame_hash[:lineno] = lineno if lineno && lineno >= 0
 
         frame_hash
       end
@@ -189,43 +195,6 @@ def log(message)
       Sentry.logger.debug(LOGGER_PROGNAME) { "[Profiler] #{message}" }
     end
 
-    def in_app?(abs_path)
-      abs_path.match?(@in_app_pattern)
-    end
-
-    # copied from stacktrace.rb since I don't want to touch existing code
-    # TODO-neel-profiler try to fetch this from stackprof once we patch
-    # the native extension
-    def compute_filename(abs_path, in_app)
-      return nil if abs_path.nil?
-
-      under_project_root = @project_root && abs_path.start_with?(@project_root)
-
-      prefix =
-        if under_project_root && in_app
-          @project_root
-        else
-          longest_load_path = $LOAD_PATH.select { |path| abs_path.start_with?(path.to_s) }.max_by(&:size)
-
-          if under_project_root
-            longest_load_path || @project_root
-          else
-            longest_load_path
-          end
-        end
-
-      prefix ? abs_path[prefix.to_s.chomp(File::SEPARATOR).length + 1..-1] : abs_path
-    end
-
-    def split_module(name)
-      # last module plus class/instance method
-      i = name.rindex("::")
-      function = i ? name[(i + 2)..-1] : name
-      mod = i ? name[0...i] : nil
-
-      [function, mod]
-    end
-
     def record_lost_event(reason)
       Sentry.get_current_client&.transport&.record_lost_event(reason, "profile")
     end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler/helpers.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler/helpers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3c446fba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/profiler/helpers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "securerandom"
+
+module Sentry
+  class Profiler
+    module Helpers
+      def in_app?(abs_path)
+        abs_path.match?(@in_app_pattern)
+      end
+
+      # copied from stacktrace.rb since I don't want to touch existing code
+      # TODO-neel-profiler try to fetch this from stackprof once we patch
+      # the native extension
+      def compute_filename(abs_path, in_app)
+        return nil if abs_path.nil?
+
+        under_project_root = @project_root && abs_path.start_with?(@project_root)
+
+        prefix =
+          if under_project_root && in_app
+            @project_root
+          else
+            longest_load_path = $LOAD_PATH.select { |path| abs_path.start_with?(path.to_s) }.max_by(&:size)
+
+            if under_project_root
+              longest_load_path || @project_root
+            else
+              longest_load_path
+            end
+          end
+
+        prefix ? abs_path[prefix.to_s.chomp(File::SEPARATOR).length + 1..-1] : abs_path
+      end
+
+      def split_module(name)
+        # last module plus class/instance method
+        i = name.rindex("::")
+        function = i ? name[(i + 2)..-1] : name
+        mod = i ? name[0...i] : nil
+
+        [function, mod]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/propagation_context.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/propagation_context.rb
index 12ce55540..db2f58b8f 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/propagation_context.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/propagation_context.rb
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ def get_baggage
     end
 
     # Returns the Dynamic Sampling Context from the baggage.
-    # @return [String, nil]
+    # @return [Hash, nil]
     def get_dynamic_sampling_context
       get_baggage&.dynamic_sampling_context
     end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions.rb
index 5bb8eda67..40cdfb4f8 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions.rb
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def collect_exception(env)
       end
 
       def transaction_op
-        "http.server".freeze
+        "http.server"
       end
 
       def capture_exception(exception, env)
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/scope.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/scope.rb
index 73e873f43..4feb6ecdd 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/scope.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/scope.rb
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ def apply_to_event(event, hint = nil)
 
       if span
         event.contexts[:trace] ||= span.get_trace_context
+        event.dynamic_sampling_context ||= span.get_dynamic_sampling_context
       else
         event.contexts[:trace] ||= propagation_context.get_trace_context
         event.dynamic_sampling_context ||= propagation_context.get_dynamic_sampling_context
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/span.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/span.rb
index da7232d9a..3dd2158ea 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/span.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/span.rb
@@ -160,6 +160,12 @@ def to_baggage
       transaction.get_baggage&.serialize
     end
 
+    # Returns the Dynamic Sampling Context from the transaction baggage.
+    # @return [Hash, nil]
+    def get_dynamic_sampling_context
+      transaction.get_baggage&.dynamic_sampling_context
+    end
+
     # @return [Hash]
     def to_hash
       hash = {
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/test_helper.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/test_helper.rb
index 212c35db5..d36dc0be0 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/test_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/test_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module TestHelper
     DUMMY_DSN = "http://12345:67890@sentry.localdomain/sentry/42"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction.rb
index ac6256555..5e3ceb982 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Transaction < Span
     # @deprecated Use Sentry::PropagationContext::SENTRY_TRACE_REGEXP instead.
     SENTRY_TRACE_REGEXP = PropagationContext::SENTRY_TRACE_REGEXP
 
-    UNLABELD_NAME = "<unlabeled transaction>".freeze
+    UNLABELD_NAME = "<unlabeled transaction>"
     MESSAGE_PREFIX = "[Tracing]"
 
     # https://develop.sentry.dev/sdk/event-payloads/transaction/#transaction-annotations
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def initialize(
       @effective_sample_rate = nil
       @contexts = {}
       @measurements = {}
-      @profiler = Profiler.new(@configuration)
+      @profiler = @configuration.profiler_class.new(@configuration)
       init_span_recorder
     end
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction_event.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction_event.rb
index 4136ac6aa..a1a8767d1 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction_event.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/transaction_event.rb
@@ -74,8 +74,7 @@ def populate_profile(transaction)
           id: event_id,
           name: transaction.name,
           trace_id: transaction.trace_id,
-          # TODO-neel-profiler stubbed for now, see thread_id note in profiler.rb
-          active_thead_id: "0"
+          active_thread_id: transaction.profiler.active_thread_id.to_s
         }
       )
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/vernier/output.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/vernier/output.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7002f82a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/vernier/output.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "json"
+require "rbconfig"
+
+module Sentry
+  module Vernier
+    class Output
+      include Profiler::Helpers
+
+      attr_reader :profile
+
+      def initialize(profile, project_root:, in_app_pattern:, app_dirs_pattern:)
+        @profile = profile
+        @project_root = project_root
+        @in_app_pattern = in_app_pattern
+        @app_dirs_pattern = app_dirs_pattern
+      end
+
+      def to_h
+        @to_h ||= {
+          frames: frames,
+          stacks: stacks,
+          samples: samples,
+          thread_metadata: thread_metadata
+        }
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def thread_metadata
+        profile.threads.map { |thread_id, thread_info|
+          [thread_id, { name: thread_info[:name] }]
+        }.to_h
+      end
+
+      def samples
+        profile.threads.flat_map { |thread_id, thread_info|
+          started_at = thread_info[:started_at]
+          samples, timestamps = thread_info.values_at(:samples, :timestamps)
+
+          samples.zip(timestamps).map { |stack_id, timestamp|
+            elapsed_since_start_ns = timestamp - started_at
+
+            next if elapsed_since_start_ns < 0
+
+            {
+              thread_id: thread_id.to_s,
+              stack_id: stack_id,
+              elapsed_since_start_ns: elapsed_since_start_ns.to_s
+            }
+          }.compact
+        }
+      end
+
+      def frames
+        funcs = stack_table_hash[:frame_table].fetch(:func)
+        lines = stack_table_hash[:func_table].fetch(:first_line)
+
+        funcs.map do |idx|
+          function, mod = split_module(stack_table_hash[:func_table][:name][idx])
+
+          abs_path = stack_table_hash[:func_table][:filename][idx]
+          in_app = in_app?(abs_path)
+          filename = compute_filename(abs_path, in_app)
+
+          {
+            function: function,
+            module: mod,
+            filename: filename,
+            abs_path: abs_path,
+            lineno: (lineno = lines[idx]) > 0 ? lineno : nil,
+            in_app: in_app
+          }.compact
+        end
+      end
+
+      def stacks
+        profile._stack_table.stack_count.times.map do |stack_id|
+          profile.stack(stack_id).frames.map(&:idx)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def stack_table_hash
+        @stack_table_hash ||= profile._stack_table.to_h
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/vernier/profiler.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/vernier/profiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ca8c0f39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/vernier/profiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "securerandom"
+require_relative "../profiler/helpers"
+require_relative "output"
+
+module Sentry
+  module Vernier
+    class Profiler
+      EMPTY_RESULT = {}.freeze
+
+      attr_reader :started, :event_id, :result
+
+      def initialize(configuration)
+        @event_id = SecureRandom.uuid.delete("-")
+
+        @started = false
+        @sampled = nil
+
+        @profiling_enabled = defined?(Vernier) && configuration.profiling_enabled?
+        @profiles_sample_rate = configuration.profiles_sample_rate
+        @project_root = configuration.project_root
+        @app_dirs_pattern = configuration.app_dirs_pattern
+        @in_app_pattern = Regexp.new("^(#{@project_root}/)?#{@app_dirs_pattern}")
+      end
+
+      def set_initial_sample_decision(transaction_sampled)
+        unless @profiling_enabled
+          @sampled = false
+          return
+        end
+
+        unless transaction_sampled
+          @sampled = false
+          log("Discarding profile because transaction not sampled")
+          return
+        end
+
+        case @profiles_sample_rate
+        when 0.0
+          @sampled = false
+          log("Discarding profile because sample_rate is 0")
+          return
+        when 1.0
+          @sampled = true
+          return
+        else
+          @sampled = Random.rand < @profiles_sample_rate
+        end
+
+        log("Discarding profile due to sampling decision") unless @sampled
+      end
+
+      def start
+        return unless @sampled
+        return if @started
+
+        ::Vernier.start_profile
+        @started = true
+
+        log("Started")
+
+        @started
+      rescue RuntimeError => e
+        # TODO: once Vernier raises something more dedicated, we should catch that instead
+        if e.message.include?("Profile already started")
+          log("Not started since running elsewhere")
+        else
+          log("Failed to start: #{e.message}")
+        end
+      end
+
+      def stop
+        return unless @sampled
+        return unless @started
+
+        @result = ::Vernier.stop_profile
+
+        log("Stopped")
+      end
+
+      def active_thread_id
+        Thread.current.object_id
+      end
+
+      def to_hash
+        return EMPTY_RESULT unless @started
+
+        unless @sampled
+          record_lost_event(:sample_rate)
+          return EMPTY_RESULT
+        end
+
+        { **profile_meta, profile: output.to_h }
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def log(message)
+        Sentry.logger.debug(LOGGER_PROGNAME) { "[Profiler::Vernier] #{message}" }
+      end
+
+      def record_lost_event(reason)
+        Sentry.get_current_client&.transport&.record_lost_event(reason, "profile")
+      end
+
+      def profile_meta
+        {
+          event_id: @event_id,
+          version: "1",
+          platform: "ruby"
+        }
+      end
+
+      def output
+        @output ||= Output.new(
+          result,
+          project_root: @project_root,
+          app_dirs_pattern: @app_dirs_pattern,
+          in_app_pattern: @in_app_pattern
+        )
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/version.rb b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/version.rb
index a06f8cebc..cb7b82b61 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/version.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Sentry
-  VERSION = "5.19.0"
+  VERSION = "5.21.0"
 end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby-core.gemspec b/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby-core.gemspec
index 76a343c28..4bd423750 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby-core.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby-core.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "lib/sentry/version"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
   spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby.gemspec b/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby.gemspec
index 52cbcc180..ba183705c 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "lib/sentry/version"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   github_root_uri = 'https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby'
   spec.homepage = "#{github_root_uri}/tree/#{spec.version}/#{spec.name}"
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/contexts/with_request_mock.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/contexts/with_request_mock.rb
index bc103f7dc..e6c480256 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/contexts/with_request_mock.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/contexts/with_request_mock.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # because our patch on Net::HTTP is relatively low-level, we need to stub methods on socket level
 # which is not supported by most of the http mocking library
 # so we need to put something together ourselves
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/initialization_check_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/initialization_check_spec.rb
index 039384c1d..129d5fdff 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/initialization_check_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/initialization_check_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe "with uninitialized SDK" do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/isolated/puma_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/isolated/puma_spec.rb
index 0e2082519..6f416d6e9 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/isolated/puma_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/isolated/puma_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "puma"
 require_relative "../spec_helper"
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/background_worker_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/background_worker_spec.rb
index e1b900094..9e15b43ec 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/background_worker_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/background_worker_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::BackgroundWorker do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backpressure_monitor_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backpressure_monitor_spec.rb
index 1419cffdb..e0147d87c 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backpressure_monitor_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backpressure_monitor_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::BackpressureMonitor do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace/lines_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace/lines_spec.rb
index cdcb9809d..8a49ea1d8 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace/lines_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace/lines_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Backtrace::Line do
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@
 
   let(:in_app_pattern) do
     project_root = Sentry.configuration.project_root&.to_s
-    Regexp.new("^(#{project_root}/)?#{Sentry::Backtrace::APP_DIRS_PATTERN}")
+    Regexp.new("^(#{project_root}/)?#{Sentry::Configuration::APP_DIRS_PATTERN}")
   end
 
   describe ".parse" do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace_spec.rb
index b373c45f4..648e4ee8e 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/backtrace_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Backtrace do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/baggage_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/baggage_spec.rb
index 3d72a5687..a9cc44873 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/baggage_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/baggage_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Baggage do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/http_logger_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/http_logger_spec.rb
index 66146ef64..a4fab84ed 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/http_logger_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/http_logger_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 require 'contexts/with_request_mock'
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/redis_logger_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/redis_logger_spec.rb
index 4d0d541df..4285a43f4 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/redis_logger_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/redis_logger_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe :redis_logger do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/sentry_logger_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/sentry_logger_spec.rb
index baf180922..da3cd97c7 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/sentry_logger_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb/sentry_logger_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe "Sentry::Breadcrumbs::SentryLogger" do
@@ -69,33 +71,35 @@
     end
 
     # see https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/issues/1858
-    it "noops on thread with cloned hub" do
-      mutex = Mutex.new
-      cv = ConditionVariable.new
-
-      a = Thread.new do
-        expect(Sentry.get_current_hub).to be_a(Sentry::Hub)
+    unless RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+      it "noops on thread with cloned hub" do
+        mutex = Mutex.new
+        cv = ConditionVariable.new
+
+        a = Thread.new do
+          expect(Sentry.get_current_hub).to be_a(Sentry::Hub)
+
+          # close in another thread
+          b = Thread.new do
+            mutex.synchronize do
+              Sentry.close
+              cv.signal
+            end
+          end
 
-        # close in another thread
-        b = Thread.new do
           mutex.synchronize do
-            Sentry.close
-            cv.signal
-          end
-        end
+            # wait for other thread to close SDK
+            cv.wait(mutex)
 
-        mutex.synchronize do
-          # wait for other thread to close SDK
-          cv.wait(mutex)
+            expect(Sentry).not_to receive(:add_breadcrumb)
+            logger.info("foo")
+          end
 
-          expect(Sentry).not_to receive(:add_breadcrumb)
-          logger.info("foo")
+          b.join
         end
 
-        b.join
+        a.join
       end
-
-      a.join
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_buffer_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_buffer_spec.rb
index 04a76fe3c..f68e223b3 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_buffer_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_buffer_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::BreadcrumbBuffer do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_spec.rb
index 66c2d1112..2eddb7101 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/breadcrumb_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Breadcrumb do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client/event_sending_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client/event_sending_spec.rb
index b1b1a041c..86b4b6c67 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client/event_sending_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client/event_sending_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Client do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client_spec.rb
index bd1debcf2..e069ccc5b 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/client_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 class ExceptionWithContext < StandardError
@@ -341,7 +343,12 @@ def detailed_message(*)
         event = subject.event_from_exception(NonStringMessageError.new)
         hash = event.to_hash
         expect(event).to be_a(Sentry::ErrorEvent)
-        expect(hash[:exception][:values][0][:value]).to eq("{:foo=>\"bar\"}")
+
+        if RUBY_VERSION >= "3.4"
+          expect(hash[:exception][:values][0][:value]).to eq("{foo: \"bar\"}")
+        else
+          expect(hash[:exception][:values][0][:value]).to eq("{:foo=>\"bar\"}")
+        end
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/configuration_spec.rb
index 7ebd32920..afd78625b 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Configuration do
@@ -693,4 +695,21 @@ class SentryConfigurationSample < Sentry::Configuration
       expect(subject.enabled_patches).to eq(%i[redis http])
     end
   end
+
+  describe "#profiler_class=" do
+    it "sets the profiler class to Vernier when it's available", when: :vernier_installed? do
+      subject.profiler_class = Sentry::Vernier::Profiler
+      expect(subject.profiler_class).to eq(Sentry::Vernier::Profiler)
+    end
+
+    it "sets the profiler class to StackProf when Vernier is not available", when: { ruby_version?: [:<, "3.2"] } do
+      expect { subject.profiler_class = Sentry::Vernier::Profiler }
+        .to raise_error(
+          ArgumentError,
+          /Please add the 'vernier' gem to your Gemfile/
+        )
+
+      expect(subject.profiler_class).to eq(Sentry::Profiler)
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins_spec.rb
index fb8212df6..48cd3e044 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_check_ins_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Cron::MonitorCheckIns do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_config_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_config_spec.rb
index 68bbbe95a..1c934e8cc 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_config_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_config_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Cron::MonitorConfig do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_schedule_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_schedule_spec.rb
index 8e1b422d1..909a9b4fa 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_schedule_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/cron/monitor_schedule_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Cron::MonitorSchedule::Crontab do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/dsn_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/dsn_spec.rb
index 24256f291..0a0eaecb4 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/dsn_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/dsn_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::DSN do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/envelope_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/envelope/item_spec.rb
similarity index 95%
rename from sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/envelope_spec.rb
rename to sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/envelope/item_spec.rb
index 8936c7707..ea9cf1019 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/envelope_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/envelope/item_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Envelope::Item do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/event_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/event_spec.rb
index ea59f95e1..90acb4da8 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/event_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/event_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Event do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/faraday_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/faraday_spec.rb
index f4632032f..0cb69fe39 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/faraday_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/faraday_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "faraday"
 require_relative "../spec_helper"
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/graphql_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/graphql_spec.rb
index 5820b73d2..a90dfe6b0 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/graphql_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/graphql_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 with_graphql = begin
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/hub_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/hub_spec.rb
index 6d06595aa..735bc6acd 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/hub_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/hub_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Hub do
@@ -519,9 +521,25 @@
 
   describe "#pop_scope" do
     it "pops the current scope" do
+      prev_scope = subject.current_scope
+      subject.push_scope
+      scope = subject.current_scope
       expect(subject.current_scope).to eq(scope)
       subject.pop_scope
-      expect(subject.current_scope).to eq(nil)
+      expect(subject.current_scope).to eq(prev_scope)
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't pop the last layer" do
+      expect(subject.instance_variable_get(:@stack).count).to eq(1)
+
+      subject.pop_scope
+
+      expect(subject.instance_variable_get(:@stack).count).to eq(1)
+
+      # It should be a completely new scope
+      expect(subject.current_scope).not_to eq(scope)
+      # But it should be the same client
+      expect(subject.current_client).to eq(client)
     end
   end
 
@@ -543,21 +561,6 @@
       expect(subject.current_scope).not_to eq(scope)
       expect(subject.current_scope.tags).to eq({ foo: "bar" })
     end
-
-    context "when the current_scope is nil" do
-      before do
-        subject.pop_scope
-        expect(subject.current_scope).to eq(nil)
-      end
-      it "creates a new scope" do
-        scope.set_tags({ foo: "bar" })
-
-        subject.push_scope
-
-        expect(subject.current_scope).not_to eq(scope)
-        expect(subject.current_scope.tags).to eq({})
-      end
-    end
   end
 
   describe '#configure_scope' do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/integrable_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/integrable_spec.rb
index 269ba821e..6e7a03a07 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/integrable_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/integrable_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 require "sentry/integrable"
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interface_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interface_spec.rb
index 7d95d5263..2d70cdc9b 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interface_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interface_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'sentry/interface'
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/request_interface_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/request_interface_spec.rb
index 580a610d3..a7a2225d0 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/request_interface_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/request_interface_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 return unless defined?(Rack)
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder_spec.rb
index 637aff2ad..fd89360a9 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_builder_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::StacktraceBuilder do
@@ -11,8 +13,8 @@
 
   let(:backtrace) do
     [
-      "#{fixture_file}:6:in `bar'",
-      "#{fixture_file}:2:in `foo'"
+      "#{fixture_file}:8:in `bar'",
+      "#{fixture_file}:4:in `foo'"
     ]
   end
 
@@ -36,8 +38,8 @@
 
       expect(first_frame.filename).to match(/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb/)
       expect(first_frame.function).to eq("foo")
-      expect(first_frame.lineno).to eq(2)
-      expect(first_frame.pre_context).to eq([nil, nil, "def foo\n"])
+      expect(first_frame.lineno).to eq(4)
+      expect(first_frame.pre_context).to eq(["# frozen_string_literal: true\n", "\n", "def foo\n"])
       expect(first_frame.context_line).to eq("  bar\n")
       expect(first_frame.post_context).to eq(["end\n", "\n", "def bar\n"])
 
@@ -45,12 +47,27 @@
 
       expect(second_frame.filename).to match(/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb/)
       expect(second_frame.function).to eq("bar")
-      expect(second_frame.lineno).to eq(6)
+      expect(second_frame.lineno).to eq(8)
       expect(second_frame.pre_context).to eq(["end\n", "\n", "def bar\n"])
       expect(second_frame.context_line).to eq("  baz\n")
       expect(second_frame.post_context).to eq(["end\n", nil, nil])
     end
 
+    context "when strip_backtrace_load_path is false" do
+      let(:configuration) do
+        Sentry::Configuration.new.tap do |config|
+          config.project_root = fixture_root
+          config.strip_backtrace_load_path = false
+        end
+      end
+
+      it "does not strip load paths for filenames" do
+        interface = subject.build(backtrace: backtrace)
+        expect(interface.frames.first.filename).to eq(fixture_file)
+        expect(interface.frames.last.filename).to eq(fixture_file)
+      end
+    end
+
     context "with block argument" do
       it "removes the frame if it's evaluated as nil" do
         interface = subject.build(backtrace: backtrace) do |frame|
@@ -77,7 +94,7 @@
 
         expect(second_frame.filename).to match(/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb/)
         expect(second_frame.function).to eq("bar")
-        expect(second_frame.lineno).to eq(6)
+        expect(second_frame.lineno).to eq(8)
         expect(second_frame.vars).to eq({ foo: "bar" })
       end
     end
@@ -89,7 +106,7 @@
 
       expect(hash[:filename]).to match(/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb/)
       expect(hash[:function]).to eq("bar")
-      expect(hash[:lineno]).to eq(6)
+      expect(hash[:lineno]).to eq(8)
       expect(hash[:pre_context]).to eq(["end\n", "\n", "def bar\n"])
       expect(hash[:context_line]).to eq("  baz\n")
       expect(hash[:post_context]).to eq(["end\n", nil, nil])
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_spec.rb
index 143dc369c..6ceb0b1d0 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/interfaces/stacktrace_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::StacktraceInterface::Frame do
@@ -28,5 +30,15 @@
       expect(second_frame.function).to eq("save_user")
       expect(second_frame.lineno).to eq(5)
     end
+
+    it "does not strip load path when strip_backtrace_load_path is false" do
+      first_frame = Sentry::StacktraceInterface::Frame.new(configuration.project_root, lines.first, false)
+      expect(first_frame.filename).to eq(first_frame.abs_path)
+      expect(first_frame.filename).to eq(raw_lines.first.split(':').first)
+
+      second_frame = Sentry::StacktraceInterface::Frame.new(configuration.project_root, lines.last, false)
+      expect(second_frame.filename).to eq(second_frame.abs_path)
+      expect(second_frame.filename).to eq(raw_lines.last.split(':').first)
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/linecache_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/linecache_spec.rb
index 56c9e086b..097b3ed56 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/linecache_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/linecache_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 # rubocop:disable Style/WordArray
 RSpec.describe Sentry::LineCache do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/aggregator_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/aggregator_spec.rb
index dcd78ab86..b54c6a0d9 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/aggregator_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/aggregator_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::Aggregator do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/configuration_spec.rb
index 2c7e22fbe..3d04ad3ea 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::Configuration do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/counter_metric_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/counter_metric_spec.rb
index f92a0135f..f1c480b45 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/counter_metric_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/counter_metric_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::CounterMetric do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/distribution_metric_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/distribution_metric_spec.rb
index 7e5b2f2d4..e8ac709f3 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/distribution_metric_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/distribution_metric_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::DistributionMetric do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/gauge_metric_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/gauge_metric_spec.rb
index 44be08465..fce3141c6 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/gauge_metric_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/gauge_metric_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::GaugeMetric do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/local_aggregator_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/local_aggregator_spec.rb
index 5c5ab0583..3056808da 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/local_aggregator_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/local_aggregator_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::LocalAggregator do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/metric_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/metric_spec.rb
index a5ed3fd93..ccb4fa222 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/metric_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/metric_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::Metric do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/set_metric_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/set_metric_spec.rb
index fdf74dd0d..2cd01da83 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/set_metric_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/set_metric_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::SetMetric do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/timing_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/timing_spec.rb
index 8142fbb4d..3b2ee2235 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/timing_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics/timing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics::Timing do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics_spec.rb
index 335c31e5a..e50c55074 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/metrics_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Metrics do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/net/http_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/net/http_spec.rb
index 064c4f36c..9de0a6f76 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/net/http_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/net/http_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 require 'contexts/with_request_mock'
 
@@ -107,6 +109,22 @@
       end
     end
 
+    it "supports non-ascii characters in the path" do
+      stub_normal_response
+
+      uri = URI('http://example.com')
+      http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
+      request = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/path?q=øgreyfoss&å=vær')
+
+      transaction = Sentry.start_transaction
+      Sentry.get_current_scope.set_span(transaction)
+
+
+      response = http.request(request)
+
+      expect(response.code).to eq("200")
+    end
+
     it "adds sentry-trace header to the request header" do
       uri = URI("http://example.com/path")
       http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb
index e0cba8177..883fac025 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Profiler, when: :stack_prof_installed? do
@@ -174,10 +176,11 @@
         subject.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
         subject.start
         subject.stop
+
+        allow(StackProf).to receive(:results).and_return([])
       end
 
       it 'returns empty' do
-        expect(StackProf).to receive(:results).and_call_original
         expect(subject.to_hash).to eq({})
       end
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/propagation_context_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/propagation_context_spec.rb
index 644fc9530..7e16404b6 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/propagation_context_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/propagation_context_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::PropagationContext do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions_spec.rb
index dfd42ab33..21e1786ef 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rack/capture_exceptions_spec.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
+require 'sentry/vernier/profiler'
 
 RSpec.describe 'Sentry::Rack::CaptureExceptions', when: :rack_available? do
   let(:exception) { ZeroDivisionError.new("divided by 0") }
@@ -679,74 +682,106 @@ def will_be_sampled_by_sdk
     end
   end
 
-  if defined?(StackProf)
-    describe "profiling" do
-      context "when profiling is enabled" do
-        before do
-          perform_basic_setup do |config|
-            config.traces_sample_rate = 1.0
-            config.profiles_sample_rate = 1.0
-            config.release = "test-release"
-          end
-        end
+  shared_examples "a profiled transaction" do
+    it "collects a profile", retry: 3 do
+      stack = Sentry::Rack::CaptureExceptions.new(app)
+      stack.call(env)
+      event = last_sentry_event
 
-        let(:stackprof_results) do
-          data = StackProf::Report.from_file('spec/support/stackprof_results.json').data
-          # relative dir differs on each machine
-          data[:frames].each { |_id, fra| fra[:file].gsub!(/<dir>/, Dir.pwd) }
-          data
-        end
+      profile = event.profile
+      expect(profile).not_to be_nil
 
-        before do
-          StackProf.stop
-          allow(StackProf).to receive(:results).and_return(stackprof_results)
-        end
+      expect(profile[:event_id]).not_to be_nil
+      expect(profile[:platform]).to eq("ruby")
+      expect(profile[:version]).to eq("1")
+      expect(profile[:environment]).to eq("development")
+      expect(profile[:release]).to eq("test-release")
+      expect { Time.parse(profile[:timestamp]) }.not_to raise_error
 
-        it "collects a profile" do
-          app = ->(_) do
-            [200, {}, "ok"]
-          end
+      expect(profile[:device]).to include(:architecture)
+      expect(profile[:os]).to include(:name, :version)
+      expect(profile[:runtime]).to include(:name, :version)
 
-          stack = Sentry::Rack::CaptureExceptions.new(app)
-          stack.call(env)
-          event = last_sentry_event
+      expect(profile[:transaction]).to include(:id, :name, :trace_id, :active_thread_id)
+      expect(profile[:transaction][:id]).to eq(event.event_id)
+      expect(profile[:transaction][:name]).to eq(event.transaction)
+      expect(profile[:transaction][:trace_id]).to eq(event.contexts[:trace][:trace_id])
 
-          profile = event.profile
-          expect(profile).not_to be_nil
+      thread_id_mapping = {
+        Sentry::Profiler => "0",
+        Sentry::Vernier::Profiler => Thread.current.object_id.to_s
+      }
 
-          expect(profile[:event_id]).not_to be_nil
-          expect(profile[:platform]).to eq("ruby")
-          expect(profile[:version]).to eq("1")
-          expect(profile[:environment]).to eq("development")
-          expect(profile[:release]).to eq("test-release")
-          expect { Time.parse(profile[:timestamp]) }.not_to raise_error
+      expect(profile[:transaction][:active_thread_id]).to eq(thread_id_mapping[Sentry.configuration.profiler_class])
 
-          expect(profile[:device]).to include(:architecture)
-          expect(profile[:os]).to include(:name, :version)
-          expect(profile[:runtime]).to include(:name, :version)
+      # detailed checking of content is done in profiler_spec,
+      # just check basic structure here
+      frames = profile[:profile][:frames]
+      expect(frames).to be_a(Array)
+      expect(frames.first).to include(:function, :filename, :abs_path, :in_app)
 
-          expect(profile[:transaction]).to include(:id, :name, :trace_id, :active_thead_id)
-          expect(profile[:transaction][:id]).to eq(event.event_id)
-          expect(profile[:transaction][:name]).to eq(event.transaction)
-          expect(profile[:transaction][:trace_id]).to eq(event.contexts[:trace][:trace_id])
-          expect(profile[:transaction][:active_thead_id]).to eq("0")
+      stacks = profile[:profile][:stacks]
+      expect(stacks).to be_a(Array)
+      expect(stacks.first).to be_a(Array)
+      expect(stacks.first.first).to be_a(Integer)
 
-          # detailed checking of content is done in profiler_spec,
-          # just check basic structure here
-          frames = profile[:profile][:frames]
-          expect(frames).to be_a(Array)
-          expect(frames.first).to include(:function, :filename, :abs_path, :in_app)
+      samples = profile[:profile][:samples]
+      expect(samples).to be_a(Array)
+      expect(samples.first).to include(:stack_id, :thread_id, :elapsed_since_start_ns)
+    end
+  end
 
-          stacks = profile[:profile][:stacks]
-          expect(stacks).to be_a(Array)
-          expect(stacks.first).to be_a(Array)
-          expect(stacks.first.first).to be_a(Integer)
+  describe "profiling with StackProf", when: [:stack_prof_installed?, :rack_available?] do
+    context "when profiling is enabled" do
+      let(:app) do
+         ->(_) do
+          [200, {}, "ok"]
+        end
+      end
 
-          samples = profile[:profile][:samples]
-          expect(samples).to be_a(Array)
-          expect(samples.first).to include(:stack_id, :thread_id, :elapsed_since_start_ns)
+      let(:stackprof_results) do
+        data = StackProf::Report.from_file('spec/support/stackprof_results.json').data
+        # relative dir differs on each machine
+        data[:frames].each { |_id, fra| fra[:file].gsub!(/<dir>/, Dir.pwd) }
+        data
+      end
+
+      before do
+        perform_basic_setup do |config|
+          config.traces_sample_rate = 1.0
+          config.profiles_sample_rate = 1.0
+          config.release = "test-release"
+        end
+
+        StackProf.stop
+
+        allow(StackProf).to receive(:results).and_return(stackprof_results)
+      end
+
+      include_examples "a profiled transaction"
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "profiling with vernier", when: [:vernier_installed?, :rack_available?] do
+    context "when profiling is enabled" do
+      let(:app) do
+         ->(_) do
+          ProfilerTest::Bar.bar
+          [200, {}, "ok"]
         end
       end
+
+      before do
+        perform_basic_setup do |config|
+          config.traces_sample_rate = 1.0
+          config.profiles_sample_rate = 1.0
+          config.release = "test-release"
+          config.profiler_class = Sentry::Vernier::Profiler
+          config.project_root = Dir.pwd
+        end
+      end
+
+      include_examples "a profiled transaction"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rake_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rake_spec.rb
index a1eb22998..904f19170 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rake_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/rake_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe "rake auto-reporting" do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/redis_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/redis_spec.rb
index 2722e0498..50e86ac55 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/redis_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/redis_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Redis do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope/setters_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope/setters_spec.rb
index 6a5378194..39a2e25c1 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope/setters_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope/setters_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Scope do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope_spec.rb
index 9b52244a8..4bacae275 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/scope_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Scope do
@@ -293,7 +295,7 @@
       end
     end
 
-    it "sets trace context from span if there's a span" do
+    it "sets trace context and dynamic_sampling_context from span if there's a span" do
       transaction = Sentry::Transaction.new(op: "foo", hub: hub)
       subject.set_span(transaction)
 
@@ -301,6 +303,7 @@
 
       expect(event.contexts[:trace]).to eq(transaction.get_trace_context)
       expect(event.contexts.dig(:trace, :op)).to eq("foo")
+      expect(event.dynamic_sampling_context).to eq(transaction.get_dynamic_sampling_context)
     end
 
     it "sets trace context and dynamic_sampling_context from propagation context if there's no span" do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/session_flusher_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/session_flusher_spec.rb
index 0c0fbb4eb..376f71dd4 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/session_flusher_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/session_flusher_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::SessionFlusher do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/span_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/span_spec.rb
index d890dfa25..0d1fd225c 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/span_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/span_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Span do
@@ -136,6 +138,35 @@
     end
   end
 
+  describe "#get_dynamic_sampling_context" do
+    before do
+      # because initializing transactions requires an active hub
+      perform_basic_setup
+    end
+
+    subject do
+      baggage = Sentry::Baggage.from_incoming_header(
+        "other-vendor-value-1=foo;bar;baz, "\
+        "sentry-trace_id=771a43a4192642f0b136d5159a501700, "\
+        "sentry-public_key=49d0f7386ad645858ae85020e393bef3, "\
+        "sentry-sample_rate=0.01337, "\
+        "sentry-user_id=Am%C3%A9lie,  "\
+        "other-vendor-value-2=foo;bar;"
+      )
+
+      Sentry::Transaction.new(hub: Sentry.get_current_hub, baggage: baggage).start_child
+    end
+
+    it "propagates sentry dynamic_sampling_context" do
+      expect(subject.get_dynamic_sampling_context).to eq({
+        "sample_rate" => "0.01337",
+        "public_key" => "49d0f7386ad645858ae85020e393bef3",
+        "trace_id" => "771a43a4192642f0b136d5159a501700",
+        "user_id" => "Amélie"
+      })
+    end
+  end
+
   describe "#start_child" do
     before do
       # because initializing transactions requires an active hub
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/test_helper_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/test_helper_spec.rb
index 2753b9b64..8303464c8 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/test_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/test_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::TestHelper do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transaction_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transaction_spec.rb
index effb249f1..7cc83aa64 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transaction_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transaction_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Transaction do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/configuration_spec.rb
index 676a4800c..fa3edd87b 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Transport::Configuration do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_rate_limiting_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_rate_limiting_spec.rb
index ac83e3b16..30dc42bbb 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_rate_limiting_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_rate_limiting_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'contexts/with_request_mock'
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_spec.rb
index 3c7b1b051..a0973ef75 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/http_transport_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'contexts/with_request_mock'
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/spotlight_transport_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/spotlight_transport_spec.rb
index 04de57af6..fc095efeb 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/spotlight_transport_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport/spotlight_transport_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::SpotlightTransport do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport_spec.rb
index b78dc7878..059a8109b 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/transport_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Transport do
@@ -145,6 +147,37 @@
           expect(profile_payload).to eq(profile.to_json)
         end
       end
+
+      context "allows bigger item size" do
+        let(:profile) do
+          {
+            environment: "test",
+            release: "release",
+            profile: {
+              frames: Array.new(10000) { |i| { function: "function_#{i}", filename: "file_#{i}", lineno: i } },
+              stacks: Array.new(10000) { |i| [i] },
+              samples: Array.new(10000) { |i| { stack_id: i, elapsed_since_start_ns: i * 1000, thread_id: i % 10 } }
+            }
+          }
+        end
+
+        let(:event_with_profile) do
+          event.profile = profile
+          event
+        end
+
+        let(:envelope) { subject.envelope_from_event(event_with_profile) }
+
+        it "adds profile item to envelope" do
+          result, _ = subject.serialize_envelope(envelope)
+
+          _profile_header, profile_payload_json = result.split("\n").last(2)
+
+          profile_payload = JSON.parse(profile_payload_json)
+
+          expect(profile_payload["profile"]).to_not be(nil)
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     context "client report" do
@@ -250,7 +283,7 @@
 
         let(:in_app_pattern) do
           project_root = "/fake/project_root"
-          Regexp.new("^(#{project_root}/)?#{Sentry::Backtrace::APP_DIRS_PATTERN}")
+          Regexp.new("^(#{project_root}/)?#{Sentry::Configuration::APP_DIRS_PATTERN}")
         end
         let(:frame_list_limit) { 500 }
         let(:frame_list_size) { frame_list_limit * 20 }
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/real_ip_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/real_ip_spec.rb
index 7aa6c7559..42197b9f2 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/real_ip_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/real_ip_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Utils::RealIp do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/request_id_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/request_id_spec.rb
index 7fa7a7301..955bd8894 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/request_id_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/utils/request_id_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Utils::RequestId do
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/vernier/profiler_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/vernier/profiler_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03fe7ebde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry/vernier/profiler_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "spec_helper"
+
+require "sentry/vernier/profiler"
+
+RSpec.describe Sentry::Vernier::Profiler, when: { ruby_version?: [:>=, "3.2.1"] } do
+  subject(:profiler) { described_class.new(Sentry.configuration) }
+
+  before do
+    # TODO: replace with some public API once available
+    Vernier.stop_profile if Vernier.instance_variable_get(:@collector)
+
+    perform_basic_setup do |config|
+      config.traces_sample_rate = traces_sample_rate
+      config.profiles_sample_rate = profiles_sample_rate
+      config.app_dirs_pattern = %r{spec/support}
+    end
+  end
+
+  let(:profiles_sample_rate) { 1.0 }
+  let(:traces_sample_rate) { 1.0 }
+
+  describe '#start' do
+    context "when profiles_sample_rate is 0" do
+      let(:profiles_sample_rate) { 0.0 }
+
+      it "does not start Vernier" do
+        profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+
+        expect(Vernier).not_to receive(:start_profile)
+        profiler.start
+        expect(profiler.started).to eq(false)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when profiles_sample_rate is between 0.0 and 1.0" do
+      let(:profiles_sample_rate) { 0.4 }
+
+      it "randomizes profiling" do
+        profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+
+        expect([nil, true]).to include(profiler.start)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when traces_sample_rate is nil" do
+      let(:traces_sample_rate) { nil }
+
+      it "does not start Vernier" do
+        profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+
+        expect(Vernier).not_to receive(:start_profile)
+        profiler.start
+        expect(profiler.started).to eq(false)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'without sampling decision' do
+      it 'does not start Vernier' do
+        expect(Vernier).not_to receive(:start_profile)
+        profiler.start
+        expect(profiler.started).to eq(false)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not start Vernier if not sampled' do
+        expect(Vernier).not_to receive(:start_profile)
+        profiler.start
+        expect(profiler.started).to eq(false)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with sampling decision' do
+      before do
+        profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+      end
+
+      it 'starts Vernier if sampled' do
+        expect(Vernier).to receive(:start_profile).and_return(true)
+
+        profiler.start
+
+        expect(profiler.started).to eq(true)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not start Vernier again if already started' do
+        expect(Vernier).to receive(:start_profile).and_return(true).once
+
+        profiler.start
+        profiler.start
+
+        expect(profiler.started).to be(true)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when Vernier crashes" do
+      it "logs the error and does not raise" do
+        profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+
+        expect(Vernier).to receive(:start_profile).and_raise("boom")
+
+        expect { profiler.start }.to_not raise_error("boom")
+      end
+
+      it "doesn't start if Vernier raises that it already started" do
+        profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+
+        expect(Vernier).to receive(:start_profile).and_raise(RuntimeError.new("Profile already started"))
+
+        profiler.start
+
+        expect(profiler.started).to eq(false)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#stop' do
+    it 'does not stop Vernier if not sampled' do
+      profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(false)
+      expect(Vernier).not_to receive(:stop_profile)
+      profiler.stop
+    end
+
+    it 'does not stop Vernier if sampled but not started' do
+      profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+      expect(Vernier).not_to receive(:stop_profile)
+      profiler.stop
+    end
+
+    it 'stops Vernier if sampled and started' do
+      profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+      profiler.start
+      expect(Vernier).to receive(:stop_profile)
+      profiler.stop
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#to_hash" do
+    let (:transport) { Sentry.get_current_client.transport }
+
+
+    it "records lost event if not sampled" do
+      expect(transport).to receive(:record_lost_event).with(:sample_rate, "profile")
+
+      profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+      profiler.start
+      profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(false)
+
+      expect(profiler.to_hash).to eq({})
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'with sampling decision' do
+    before do
+      profiler.set_initial_sample_decision(true)
+    end
+
+    describe '#to_hash' do
+      it "returns empty hash if not started" do
+        expect(profiler.to_hash).to eq({})
+      end
+
+      context 'with single-thread profiled code' do
+        before do
+          profiler.start
+          ProfilerTest::Bar.bar
+          profiler.stop
+        end
+
+        it 'has correct frames' do
+          frames = profiler.to_hash[:profile][:frames]
+
+          foo_frame = frames.find { |f| f[:function] =~ /foo/ }
+
+          expect(foo_frame[:function]).to eq('Foo.foo')
+          expect(foo_frame[:module]).to eq('ProfilerTest::Bar')
+          expect(foo_frame[:in_app]).to eq(true)
+          expect(foo_frame[:lineno]).to eq(6)
+          expect(foo_frame[:filename]).to eq('spec/support/profiler.rb')
+          expect(foo_frame[:abs_path]).to include('sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby/spec/support/profiler.rb')
+        end
+
+        it 'has correct stacks' do
+          profile = profiler.to_hash[:profile]
+          frames = profile[:frames]
+          stacks = profile[:stacks]
+
+          stack_tops = stacks.map { |s| s.take(3) }.map { |s| s.map { |i| frames[i][:function] } }
+
+          expect(stack_tops.any? { |tops| tops.include?("Foo.foo") }).to be(true)
+          expect(stack_tops.any? { |tops| tops.include?("Bar.bar") }).to be(true)
+          expect(stack_tops.any? { |tops| tops.include?("Integer#times") }).to be(true)
+
+          stacks.each do |stack|
+            stack.each do |frame_idx|
+              expect(frames[frame_idx][:function]).to be_a(String)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        it 'has correct samples' do
+          profile = profiler.to_hash[:profile]
+          samples = profile[:samples]
+          last_elapsed = 0
+
+          samples.group_by { |sample| sample[:thread_id] }.each do |thread_id, thread_samples|
+            expect(thread_id.to_i).to be > 0
+
+            last_elapsed = 0
+
+            thread_samples.each do |sample|
+              expect(sample[:stack_id]).to be > 0
+
+              elapsed = sample[:elapsed_since_start_ns].to_i
+
+              expect(elapsed).to be > 0.0
+              expect(elapsed).to be > last_elapsed
+
+              last_elapsed = elapsed
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'with multi-thread profiled code' do
+        before do
+          profiler.start
+
+          2.times.map do |i|
+            Thread.new do
+              Thread.current.name = "thread-bar-#{i}"
+
+              ProfilerTest::Bar.bar
+            end
+          end.map(&:join)
+
+          profiler.stop
+        end
+
+        it "has correct thread metadata" do
+          thread_metadata = profiler.to_hash[:profile][:thread_metadata]
+
+          main_thread = thread_metadata.values.find { |metadata| metadata[:name].include?("rspec") }
+          thread1 = thread_metadata.values.find { |metadata| metadata[:name] == "thread-bar-0" }
+          thread2 = thread_metadata.values.find { |metadata| metadata[:name] == "thread-bar-1" }
+
+          thread_metadata.each do |thread_id, metadata|
+            expect(thread_id.to_i).to be > 0
+          end
+
+          expect(main_thread[:name]).to include("rspec")
+          expect(thread1[:name]).to eq("thread-bar-0")
+          expect(thread2[:name]).to eq("thread-bar-1")
+        end
+
+        it 'has correct frames', when: { ruby_version?: [:>=, "3.3"] } do
+          frames = profiler.to_hash[:profile][:frames]
+
+          foo_frame = frames.find { |f| f[:function] =~ /foo/ }
+
+          expect(foo_frame[:function]).to eq('Foo.foo')
+          expect(foo_frame[:module]).to eq('ProfilerTest::Bar')
+          expect(foo_frame[:in_app]).to eq(true)
+          expect(foo_frame[:lineno]).to eq(6)
+          expect(foo_frame[:filename]).to eq('spec/support/profiler.rb')
+          expect(foo_frame[:abs_path]).to include('sentry-ruby/sentry-ruby/spec/support/profiler.rb')
+        end
+
+        it 'has correct stacks', when: { ruby_version?: [:>=, "3.3"] } do
+          profile = profiler.to_hash[:profile]
+          frames = profile[:frames]
+          stacks = profile[:stacks]
+
+          stack_tops = stacks.map { |s| s.take(3) }.map { |s| s.map { |i| frames[i][:function] } }
+
+          expect(stack_tops.any? { |tops| tops.include?("Foo.foo") }).to be(true)
+          expect(stack_tops.any? { |tops| tops.include?("Bar.bar") }).to be(true)
+          expect(stack_tops.any? { |tops| tops.include?("Integer#times") }).to be(true)
+
+          stacks.each do |stack|
+            stack.each do |frame_idx|
+              expect(frames[frame_idx][:function]).to be_a(String)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        it 'has correct samples' do
+          profile = profiler.to_hash[:profile]
+          samples = profile[:samples]
+
+          samples.group_by { |sample| sample[:thread_id] }.each do |thread_id, thread_samples|
+            expect(thread_id.to_i).to be > 0
+
+            last_elapsed = 0
+
+            thread_samples.each do |sample|
+              expect(sample[:stack_id]).to be > 0
+
+              elapsed = sample[:elapsed_since_start_ns].to_i
+
+              expect(elapsed).to be > 0.0
+              expect(elapsed).to be > last_elapsed
+
+              last_elapsed = elapsed
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry_spec.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry_spec.rb
index dd3f85c93..dabdcd07e 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/sentry_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 require 'contexts/with_request_mock'
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb
index 2758a0a1f..e0d1c9a1e 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/setup"
 begin
   require "debug/prelude"
@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@
 require "rspec/retry"
 require "redis"
 require "stackprof" unless RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+require "vernier" unless RUBY_PLATFORM == "java" || RUBY_VERSION < "3.2"
 
 SimpleCov.start do
   project_name "sentry-ruby"
@@ -23,6 +26,8 @@
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/test_helper"
 
+Dir[Pathname(__dir__).join("support/**/*.rb")].sort.each { |f| require f }
+
 RSpec.configure do |config|
   # Enable flags like --only-failures and --next-failure
   config.example_status_persistence_file_path = ".rspec_status"
@@ -47,9 +52,20 @@
   end
 
   config.before(:each, when: true) do |example|
-    meth = example.metadata[:when]
+    guards =
+      case value = example.metadata[:when]
+      when Symbol then [value]
+      when Array then value
+      when Hash then value.map { |k, v| [k, v].flatten }
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError, "Invalid `when` metadata: #{value.inspect}"
+      end
+
+    skip_examples = guards.any? do |meth, *args|
+      !TestHelpers.public_send(meth, *args)
+    end
 
-    skip("Skipping because `when: #{meth}` returned false") unless TestHelpers.public_send(meth, example)
+    skip("Skipping because one or more guards `#{guards.inspect}` returned false") if skip_examples
   end
 
   RSpec::Matchers.define :have_recorded_lost_event do |reason, data_category, num: 1|
@@ -60,13 +76,22 @@
 end
 
 module TestHelpers
-  def self.stack_prof_installed?(_example)
+  def self.stack_prof_installed?
     defined?(StackProf)
   end
 
-  def self.rack_available?(_example)
+  def self.vernier_installed?
+    require "sentry/vernier/profiler"
+    defined?(::Vernier)
+  end
+
+  def self.rack_available?
     defined?(Rack)
   end
+
+  def self.ruby_version?(op, version)
+    RUBY_VERSION.public_send(op, version)
+  end
 end
 
 def fixtures_root
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/Rakefile.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/Rakefile.rb
index 2304ba3a4..77b245297 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/Rakefile.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/Rakefile.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rake"
 require "sentry-ruby"
 
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/profiler.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/profiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ee83cc4dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/profiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ProfilerTest
+  module Bar
+    module Foo
+      def self.foo
+        1e6.to_i.times { 2**2 }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.bar
+      Foo.foo
+      sleep 0.1
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stackprof_results.json b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stackprof_results.json
index 1527df8cd..712c3b768 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stackprof_results.json
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stackprof_results.json
@@ -1 +1,718 @@
-{"version":1.2,"mode":"wall","interval":9900.990099009901,"samples":15,"gc_samples":0,"missed_samples":0,"metadata":{},"frames":{"140370219074600":{"name":"Integer#times","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":5,"samples":2},"140370222379560":{"name":"Bar::Foo.foo","file":"<dir>/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb","line":7,"total_samples":5,"samples":2},"140370222379480":{"name":"Bar.bar","file":"<dir>/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb","line":12,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262463760":{"name":"block (4 levels) in <top (required)>","file":"<dir>/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb","line":169,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370219081000":{"name":"BasicObject#instance_exec","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934628760":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example#instance_exec","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":456,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262209000":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Hooks::BeforeHook#run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb","line":364,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262206960":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run_owned_hooks_for","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb","line":527,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370219016480":{"name":"Array#each","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262206440":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run_example_hooks_for","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb","line":613,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370219016360":{"name":"Array#reverse_each","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262207720":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb","line":475,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934628120":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example#run_before_example","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":503,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934656240":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example#run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":246,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934628080":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example#with_around_and_singleton_context_hooks","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":508,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934628640":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example#with_around_example_hooks","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":466,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262206400":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run_around_example_hooks_for","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb","line":619,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934629600":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example::Procsy#call","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":350,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369936132760":{"name":"RSpec::Retry#run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-retry-0.6.2/lib/rspec/retry.rb","line":107,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370203515000":{"name":"Kernel#loop","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369936134000":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example::Procsy#run_with_retry","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-retry-0.6.2/lib/rspec_ext/rspec_ext.rb","line":11,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369936133560":{"name":"RSpec::Retry.setup","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-retry-0.6.2/lib/rspec/retry.rb","line":7,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262208320":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Hooks::AroundHook#execute_with","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb","line":389,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934629640":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Example::Procsy#call","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb","line":350,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370221599800":{"name":"RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.run_examples","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb","line":641,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370219015440":{"name":"Array#map","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370221599880":{"name":"RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb","line":599,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934821040":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Runner#run_specs","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb","line":113,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370221475080":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Configuration#with_suite_hooks","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb","line":2062,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370262307680":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Reporter#report","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/reporter.rb","line":71,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934821120":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Runner#run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb","line":85,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934821200":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Runner.run","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb","line":64,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934821320":{"name":"RSpec::Core::Runner.invoke","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb","line":43,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934947600":{"name":"<top (required)>","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/exe/rspec","total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370220922120":{"name":"Kernel#load","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369934788840":{"name":"<main>","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/bin/rspec","line":1,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370219331600":{"name":"Kernel#eval","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140369933326520":{"name":"<main>","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks","total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370218844600":{"name":"<main>","file":"/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks","total_samples":15,"samples":0},"140370219073720":{"name":"Integer#**","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":1,"samples":1},"140370265410040":{"name":"Kernel#sleep","file":"<cfunc>","line":null,"total_samples":10,"samples":10}},"raw":[62,140370218844600,140369933326520,140370219331600,140369934788840,140370220922120,140369934947600,140369934821320,140369934821200,140369934821120,140369934821040,140370262307680,140369934821040,140370221475080,140369934821040,140370219015440,140369934821040,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370221599800,140370219015440,140370221599800,140369934656240,140369934628080,140369934628640,140370262207720,140370262206400,140369934629640,140370262206400,140370262208320,140369934628760,140370219081000,140369936133560,140369936134000,140369936132760,140370203515000,140369936132760,140369934629600,140370262206400,140370262207720,140369934628640,140369934628080,140369934656240,140369934628120,140370262207720,140370262206440,140370219016360,140370262206440,140370262206960,140370219016480,140370262206960,140370262209000,140369934628760,140370219081000,140370262463760,140370222379480,140370222379560,140370219074600,1,63,140370218844600,140369933326520,140370219331600,140369934788840,140370220922120,140369934947600,140369934821320,140369934821200,140369934821120,140369934821040,140370262307680,140369934821040,140370221475080,140369934821040,140370219015440,140369934821040,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370221599800,140370219015440,140370221599800,140369934656240,140369934628080,140369934628640,140370262207720,140370262206400,140369934629640,140370262206400,140370262208320,140369934628760,140370219081000,140369936133560,140369936134000,140369936132760,140370203515000,140369936132760,140369934629600,140370262206400,140370262207720,140369934628640,140369934628080,140369934656240,140369934628120,140370262207720,140370262206440,140370219016360,140370262206440,140370262206960,140370219016480,140370262206960,140370262209000,140369934628760,140370219081000,140370262463760,140370222379480,140370222379560,140370219074600,140370222379560,1,62,140370218844600,140369933326520,140370219331600,140369934788840,140370220922120,140369934947600,140369934821320,140369934821200,140369934821120,140369934821040,140370262307680,140369934821040,140370221475080,140369934821040,140370219015440,140369934821040,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370221599800,140370219015440,140370221599800,140369934656240,140369934628080,140369934628640,140370262207720,140370262206400,140369934629640,140370262206400,140370262208320,140369934628760,140370219081000,140369936133560,140369936134000,140369936132760,140370203515000,140369936132760,140369934629600,140370262206400,140370262207720,140369934628640,140369934628080,140369934656240,140369934628120,140370262207720,140370262206440,140370219016360,140370262206440,140370262206960,140370219016480,140370262206960,140370262209000,140369934628760,140370219081000,140370262463760,140370222379480,140370222379560,140370219074600,1,64,140370218844600,140369933326520,140370219331600,140369934788840,140370220922120,140369934947600,140369934821320,140369934821200,140369934821120,140369934821040,140370262307680,140369934821040,140370221475080,140369934821040,140370219015440,140369934821040,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370221599800,140370219015440,140370221599800,140369934656240,140369934628080,140369934628640,140370262207720,140370262206400,140369934629640,140370262206400,140370262208320,140369934628760,140370219081000,140369936133560,140369936134000,140369936132760,140370203515000,140369936132760,140369934629600,140370262206400,140370262207720,140369934628640,140369934628080,140369934656240,140369934628120,140370262207720,140370262206440,140370219016360,140370262206440,140370262206960,140370219016480,140370262206960,140370262209000,140369934628760,140370219081000,140370262463760,140370222379480,140370222379560,140370219074600,140370222379560,140370219073720,1,63,140370218844600,140369933326520,140370219331600,140369934788840,140370220922120,140369934947600,140369934821320,140369934821200,140369934821120,140369934821040,140370262307680,140369934821040,140370221475080,140369934821040,140370219015440,140369934821040,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370221599800,140370219015440,140370221599800,140369934656240,140369934628080,140369934628640,140370262207720,140370262206400,140369934629640,140370262206400,140370262208320,140369934628760,140370219081000,140369936133560,140369936134000,140369936132760,140370203515000,140369936132760,140369934629600,140370262206400,140370262207720,140369934628640,140369934628080,140369934656240,140369934628120,140370262207720,140370262206440,140370219016360,140370262206440,140370262206960,140370219016480,140370262206960,140370262209000,140369934628760,140370219081000,140370262463760,140370222379480,140370222379560,140370219074600,140370222379560,1,61,140370218844600,140369933326520,140370219331600,140369934788840,140370220922120,140369934947600,140369934821320,140369934821200,140369934821120,140369934821040,140370262307680,140369934821040,140370221475080,140369934821040,140370219015440,140369934821040,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370219015440,140370221599880,140370221599880,140370221599800,140370219015440,140370221599800,140369934656240,140369934628080,140369934628640,140370262207720,140370262206400,140369934629640,140370262206400,140370262208320,140369934628760,140370219081000,140369936133560,140369936134000,140369936132760,140370203515000,140369936132760,140369934629600,140370262206400,140370262207720,140369934628640,140369934628080,140369934656240,140369934628120,140370262207720,140370262206440,140370219016360,140370262206440,140370262206960,140370219016480,140370262206960,140370262209000,140369934628760,140370219081000,140370262463760,140370222379480,140370265410040,10],"raw_sample_timestamps":[1295905330989,1295905338595,1295905348330,1295905358336,1295905368777,1295905379129,1295905388495,1295905398492,1295905407835,1295905418826,1295905428669,1295905438609,1295905447579,1295905458008,1295905468407],"raw_timestamp_deltas":[12403,7531,9689,9986,10420,10338,9320,9949,9269,10920,9770,9864,8899,10354,10323]}
+{
+  "version": 1.2,
+  "mode": "wall",
+  "interval": 9900.990099009901,
+  "samples": 15,
+  "gc_samples": 0,
+  "missed_samples": 0,
+  "metadata": {},
+  "frames": {
+    "140370219074600": {
+      "name": "Integer#times",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 5,
+      "samples": 2
+    },
+    "140370222379560": {
+      "name": "Bar::Foo.foo",
+      "file": "<dir>/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb",
+      "line": 7,
+      "total_samples": 5,
+      "samples": 2
+    },
+    "140370222379480": {
+      "name": "Bar.bar",
+      "file": "<dir>/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb",
+      "line": 12,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262463760": {
+      "name": "block (4 levels) in <top (required)>",
+      "file": "<dir>/spec/sentry/profiler_spec.rb",
+      "line": 169,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370219081000": {
+      "name": "BasicObject#instance_exec",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934628760": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example#instance_exec",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 456,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262209000": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Hooks::BeforeHook#run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb",
+      "line": 364,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262206960": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run_owned_hooks_for",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb",
+      "line": 527,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370219016480": {
+      "name": "Array#each",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262206440": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run_example_hooks_for",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb",
+      "line": 613,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370219016360": {
+      "name": "Array#reverse_each",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262207720": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb",
+      "line": 475,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934628120": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example#run_before_example",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 503,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934656240": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example#run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 246,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934628080": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example#with_around_and_singleton_context_hooks",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 508,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934628640": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example#with_around_example_hooks",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 466,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262206400": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Hooks::HookCollections#run_around_example_hooks_for",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb",
+      "line": 619,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934629600": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example::Procsy#call",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 350,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369936132760": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Retry#run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-retry-0.6.2/lib/rspec/retry.rb",
+      "line": 107,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370203515000": {
+      "name": "Kernel#loop",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369936134000": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example::Procsy#run_with_retry",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-retry-0.6.2/lib/rspec_ext/rspec_ext.rb",
+      "line": 11,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369936133560": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Retry.setup",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-retry-0.6.2/lib/rspec/retry.rb",
+      "line": 7,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262208320": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Hooks::AroundHook#execute_with",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb",
+      "line": 389,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934629640": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Example::Procsy#call",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example.rb",
+      "line": 350,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370221599800": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.run_examples",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb",
+      "line": 641,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370219015440": {
+      "name": "Array#map",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370221599880": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb",
+      "line": 599,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934821040": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Runner#run_specs",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb",
+      "line": 113,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370221475080": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Configuration#with_suite_hooks",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb",
+      "line": 2062,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370262307680": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Reporter#report",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/reporter.rb",
+      "line": 71,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934821120": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Runner#run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb",
+      "line": 85,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934821200": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Runner.run",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb",
+      "line": 64,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934821320": {
+      "name": "RSpec::Core::Runner.invoke",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb",
+      "line": 43,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934947600": {
+      "name": "<top (required)>",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/gems/rspec-core-3.11.0/exe/rspec",
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370220922120": {
+      "name": "Kernel#load",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369934788840": {
+      "name": "<main>",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/bin/rspec",
+      "line": 1,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370219331600": {
+      "name": "Kernel#eval",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140369933326520": {
+      "name": "<main>",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks",
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370218844600": {
+      "name": "<main>",
+      "file": "/Users/neel/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks",
+      "total_samples": 15,
+      "samples": 0
+    },
+    "140370219073720": {
+      "name": "Integer#**",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 1,
+      "samples": 1
+    },
+    "140370265410040": {
+      "name": "Kernel#sleep",
+      "file": "<cfunc>",
+      "line": null,
+      "total_samples": 10,
+      "samples": 10
+    }
+  },
+  "raw": [
+    62,
+    140370218844600,
+    140369933326520,
+    140370219331600,
+    140369934788840,
+    140370220922120,
+    140369934947600,
+    140369934821320,
+    140369934821200,
+    140369934821120,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370262307680,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221475080,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370219015440,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599800,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599800,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934628640,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206400,
+    140369934629640,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262208320,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140369936133560,
+    140369936134000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140370203515000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140369934629600,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262207720,
+    140369934628640,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628120,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370219016360,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370219016480,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370262209000,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140370262463760,
+    140370222379480,
+    140370222379560,
+    140370219074600,
+    1,
+    63,
+    140370218844600,
+    140369933326520,
+    140370219331600,
+    140369934788840,
+    140370220922120,
+    140369934947600,
+    140369934821320,
+    140369934821200,
+    140369934821120,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370262307680,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221475080,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370219015440,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599800,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599800,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934628640,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206400,
+    140369934629640,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262208320,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140369936133560,
+    140369936134000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140370203515000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140369934629600,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262207720,
+    140369934628640,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628120,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370219016360,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370219016480,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370262209000,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140370262463760,
+    140370222379480,
+    140370222379560,
+    140370219074600,
+    140370222379560,
+    1,
+    62,
+    140370218844600,
+    140369933326520,
+    140370219331600,
+    140369934788840,
+    140370220922120,
+    140369934947600,
+    140369934821320,
+    140369934821200,
+    140369934821120,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370262307680,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221475080,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370219015440,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599800,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599800,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934628640,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206400,
+    140369934629640,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262208320,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140369936133560,
+    140369936134000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140370203515000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140369934629600,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262207720,
+    140369934628640,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628120,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370219016360,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370219016480,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370262209000,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140370262463760,
+    140370222379480,
+    140370222379560,
+    140370219074600,
+    1,
+    64,
+    140370218844600,
+    140369933326520,
+    140370219331600,
+    140369934788840,
+    140370220922120,
+    140369934947600,
+    140369934821320,
+    140369934821200,
+    140369934821120,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370262307680,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221475080,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370219015440,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599800,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599800,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934628640,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206400,
+    140369934629640,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262208320,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140369936133560,
+    140369936134000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140370203515000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140369934629600,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262207720,
+    140369934628640,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628120,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370219016360,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370219016480,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370262209000,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140370262463760,
+    140370222379480,
+    140370222379560,
+    140370219074600,
+    140370222379560,
+    140370219073720,
+    1,
+    63,
+    140370218844600,
+    140369933326520,
+    140370219331600,
+    140369934788840,
+    140370220922120,
+    140369934947600,
+    140369934821320,
+    140369934821200,
+    140369934821120,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370262307680,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221475080,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370219015440,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599800,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599800,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934628640,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206400,
+    140369934629640,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262208320,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140369936133560,
+    140369936134000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140370203515000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140369934629600,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262207720,
+    140369934628640,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628120,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370219016360,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370219016480,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370262209000,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140370262463760,
+    140370222379480,
+    140370222379560,
+    140370219074600,
+    140370222379560,
+    1,
+    61,
+    140370218844600,
+    140369933326520,
+    140370219331600,
+    140369934788840,
+    140370220922120,
+    140369934947600,
+    140369934821320,
+    140369934821200,
+    140369934821120,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370262307680,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221475080,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370219015440,
+    140369934821040,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599880,
+    140370221599800,
+    140370219015440,
+    140370221599800,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934628640,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206400,
+    140369934629640,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262208320,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140369936133560,
+    140369936134000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140370203515000,
+    140369936132760,
+    140369934629600,
+    140370262206400,
+    140370262207720,
+    140369934628640,
+    140369934628080,
+    140369934656240,
+    140369934628120,
+    140370262207720,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370219016360,
+    140370262206440,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370219016480,
+    140370262206960,
+    140370262209000,
+    140369934628760,
+    140370219081000,
+    140370262463760,
+    140370222379480,
+    140370265410040,
+    10
+  ],
+  "raw_sample_timestamps": [
+    1295905330989,
+    1295905338595,
+    1295905348330,
+    1295905358336,
+    1295905368777,
+    1295905379129,
+    1295905388495,
+    1295905398492,
+    1295905407835,
+    1295905418826,
+    1295905428669,
+    1295905438609,
+    1295905447579,
+    1295905458008,
+    1295905468407
+  ],
+  "raw_timestamp_deltas": [
+    12403,
+    7531,
+    9689,
+    9986,
+    10420,
+    10338,
+    9320,
+    9949,
+    9269,
+    10920,
+    9770,
+    9864,
+    8899,
+    10354,
+    10323
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb
index 7921fb53b..0c8d7933e 100644
--- a/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb
+++ b/sentry-ruby/spec/support/stacktrace_test_fixture.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 def foo
   bar
 end
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/Gemfile b/sentry-sidekiq/Gemfile
index 5ce453b72..c158e85dc 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 git_source(:github) { |name| "https://github.com/#{name}.git" }
 
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/Rakefile b/sentry-sidekiq/Rakefile
index 7b2756854..13afab191 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/Rakefile
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/gem_tasks"
 require "rspec/core/rake_task"
 
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/bin/console b/sentry-sidekiq/bin/console
index 660c7a889..f0f5a7b6a 100755
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/bin/console
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/bin/console
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "bundler/setup"
 require "sentry/ruby"
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/example/Gemfile b/sentry-sidekiq/example/Gemfile
index d038af521..9834edf07 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/example/Gemfile
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/example/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
 gem "sidekiq"
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/example/error_worker.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/example/error_worker.rb
index 220d80f63..8782dd2d7 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/example/error_worker.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/example/error_worker.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sidekiq"
 require "sentry-sidekiq"
 
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry-sidekiq.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry-sidekiq.rb
index b7318b9f9..a126782f2 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry-sidekiq.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry-sidekiq.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sidekiq"
 require "sentry-ruby"
 require "sentry/integrable"
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/configuration.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/configuration.rb
index cc71908b5..b6ef3856c 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/configuration.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/configuration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   class Configuration
     attr_reader :sidekiq
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter.rb
index 8512b5ab5..ff9f014c3 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Sidekiq
     class ContextFilter
-      ACTIVEJOB_RESERVED_PREFIX_REGEX = /^_aj_/.freeze
-      SIDEKIQ_NAME = "Sidekiq".freeze
+      ACTIVEJOB_RESERVED_PREFIX_REGEX = /^_aj_/
+      SIDEKIQ_NAME = "Sidekiq"
 
       attr_reader :context
 
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler.rb
index d1f7eaf87..50c720929 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "sentry/sidekiq/context_filter"
 
 module Sentry
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/version.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/version.rb
index b127d83ba..5028b6c59 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/version.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/lib/sentry/sidekiq/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sentry
   module Sidekiq
-    VERSION = "5.19.0"
+    VERSION = "5.21.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/sentry-sidekiq.gemspec b/sentry-sidekiq/sentry-sidekiq.gemspec
index 56f737887..375ec153c 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/sentry-sidekiq.gemspec
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/sentry-sidekiq.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "lib/sentry/sidekiq/version"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4'
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples)'`.split("\n")
+  spec.files = `git ls-files | grep -Ev '^(spec|benchmarks|examples|\.rubocop\.yml)'`.split("\n")
 
   github_root_uri = 'https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby'
   spec.homepage = "#{github_root_uri}/tree/#{spec.version}/#{spec.name}"
@@ -28,6 +30,6 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.19.0"
+  spec.add_dependency "sentry-ruby", "~> 5.21.0"
   spec.add_dependency "sidekiq", ">= 3.0"
 end
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb
index 87518ea06..36c6fdd31 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/rails_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 return unless ENV["WITH_SENTRY_RAILS"]
 
 require "rails"
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq-scheduler/scheduler_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq-scheduler/scheduler_spec.rb
index 879e34a55..02efd1ccc 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq-scheduler/scheduler_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq-scheduler/scheduler_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 return unless defined?(SidekiqScheduler::Scheduler)
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/configuration_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/configuration_spec.rb
index 2fdcdfbc5..7e9066ffe 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/configuration_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/configuration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Sidekiq::Configuration do
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter_spec.rb
index dc5354b9c..099ce329b 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/context_filter_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Sidekiq::ContextFilter do
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/cron/job_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/cron/job_spec.rb
index c0f223096..4e4f65202 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/cron/job_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/cron/job_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 return unless defined?(Sidekiq::Cron::Job)
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler_spec.rb
index 15053609e..5e144bf9a 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/error_handler_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Sentry::Sidekiq::ErrorHandler do
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/sentry_context_middleware_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/sentry_context_middleware_spec.rb
index 8d28577e7..de5e9416f 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/sentry_context_middleware_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq/sentry_context_middleware_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 RSpec.shared_context "sidekiq", shared_context: :metadata do
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq_spec.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq_spec.rb
index 2e7cfb99a..64fdec5c1 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq_spec.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/sentry/sidekiq_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 require 'sidekiq/manager'
 require 'sidekiq/api'
diff --git a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/spec_helper.rb b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/spec_helper.rb
index 6b2287957..5e1e6a6e9 100644
--- a/sentry-sidekiq/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/sentry-sidekiq/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "bundler/setup"
 begin
   require "debug/prelude"