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nrf_ble_dfu_controller.py
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import os
import pexpect
import re
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
from array import array
from util import *
verbose = False
class NrfBleDfuController(object):
__metaclass__ = ABCMeta
# Class instance variables
ctrlpt_handle = 0
ctrlpt_cccd_handle = 0
data_handle = 0
pkt_receipt_interval = 10
pkt_payload_size = 20
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start the firmware update process
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@abstractmethod
def start(self):
pass
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check if the peripheral is running in bootloader (DFU) or application mode
# Returns True if the peripheral is in DFU mode
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@abstractmethod
def check_DFU_mode(self):
pass
@abstractmethod
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Switch from application to bootloader (DFU)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def switch_to_dfu_mode(self):
pass
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Parse notification status results
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@abstractmethod
def _dfu_parse_notify(self, notify):
pass
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Wait for a notification and parse the response
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@abstractmethod
def _wait_and_parse_notify(self):
pass
def __init__(self, target_mac, firmware_path, datfile_path):
self.target_mac = target_mac
self.firmware_path = firmware_path
self.datfile_path = datfile_path
self.ble_conn = pexpect.spawn("gatttool -b '%s' -t random --interactive" % target_mac)
self.ble_conn.delaybeforesend = 0
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start the firmware update process
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def start(self):
(_, self.ctrlpt_handle, self.ctrlpt_cccd_handle) = self._get_handles(self.UUID_CONTROL_POINT)
(_, self.data_handle, _) = self._get_handles(self.UUID_PACKET)
if verbose:
print 'Control Point Handle: 0x%04x, CCCD: 0x%04x' % (self.ctrlpt_handle, self.ctrlpt_cccd_handle)
print 'Packet handle: 0x%04x' % (self.data_handle)
# Subscribe to notifications from Control Point characteristic
self._enable_notifications(self.ctrlpt_cccd_handle)
# Set the Packet Receipt Notification interval
prn = uint16_to_bytes_le(self.pkt_receipt_interval)
self._dfu_send_command(Procedures.SET_PRN, prn)
self._dfu_send_init()
self._dfu_send_image()
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Initialize:
# Hex: read and convert hexfile into bin_array
# Bin: read binfile into bin_array
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def input_setup(self):
print "Sending file " + os.path.split(self.firmware_path)[1] + " to " + self.target_mac
if self.firmware_path == None:
raise Exception("input invalid")
name, extent = os.path.splitext(self.firmware_path)
if extent == ".bin":
self.bin_array = array('B', open(self.firmware_path, 'rb').read())
self.image_size = len(self.bin_array)
print "Binary imge size: %d" % self.image_size
print "Binary CRC32: %d" % crc32_unsigned(array_to_hex_string(self.bin_array))
return
if extent == ".hex":
intelhex = IntelHex(self.firmware_path)
self.bin_array = intelhex.tobinarray()
self.image_size = len(self.bin_array)
print "bin array size: ", self.image_size
return
raise Exception("input invalid")
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Perform a scan and connect via gatttool.
# Will return True if a connection was established, False otherwise
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def scan_and_connect(self, timeout=2, mtu=185):
if verbose: print "scan_and_connect"
print "Connecting to %s" % (self.target_mac)
try:
self.ble_conn.expect('\[LE\]>', timeout=timeout)
except pexpect.TIMEOUT, e:
return False
self.ble_conn.sendline('connect')
try:
res = self.ble_conn.expect('.*Connection successful.*', timeout=timeout)
except pexpect.TIMEOUT, e:
return False
if mtu>23:
#MTU negotiation
self.ble_conn.sendline('mtu %d' % mtu)
res=self.ble_conn.expect('.*MTU was exchanged successfully: (.+)\r.*', timeout=timeout)
res=re.findall('.*MTU was exchanged successfully: (.+)\r.*',self.ble_conn.after)
self.mtu=int(res[0])
else:
self.mtu=mtu
return True
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Disconnect from the peripheral and close the gatttool connection
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def disconnect(self):
self.ble_conn.sendline('exit')
self.ble_conn.close()
def target_mac_increase(self, inc):
self.target_mac = uint_to_mac_string(mac_string_to_uint(self.target_mac) + inc)
# Re-start gatttool with the new address
self.disconnect()
self.ble_conn = pexpect.spawn("gatttool -b '%s' -t random --interactive" % self.target_mac)
self.ble_conn.delaybeforesend = 0
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Fetch handles for a given UUID.
# Will return a three-tuple: (char handle, value handle, CCCD handle)
# Will raise an exception if the UUID is not found
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _get_handles(self, uuid):
self.ble_conn.before = ""
self.ble_conn.sendline('characteristics')
try:
self.ble_conn.expect([uuid], timeout=2)
handles = re.findall('.*handle: (0x....),.*char value handle: (0x....)', self.ble_conn.before)
(handle, value_handle) = handles[-1]
except pexpect.TIMEOUT, e:
raise Exception("UUID not found: {}".format(uuid))
return (int(handle, 16), int(value_handle, 16), int(value_handle, 16)+1)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Wait for notification to arrive.
# Example format: "Notification handle = 0x0019 value: 10 01 01"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _dfu_wait_for_notify(self):
while True:
if verbose: print "dfu_wait_for_notify"
if not self.ble_conn.isalive():
print "connection not alive"
return None
try:
index = self.ble_conn.expect('Notification handle = .*? \r\n', timeout=5)
except pexpect.TIMEOUT:
#
# The gatttool does not report link-lost directly.
# The only way found to detect it is monitoring the prompt '[CON]'
# and if it goes to '[ ]' this indicates the connection has
# been broken.
# In order to get a updated prompt string, issue an empty
# sendline(''). If it contains the '[ ]' string, then
# raise an exception. Otherwise, if not a link-lost condition,
# continue to wait.
#
self.ble_conn.sendline('')
string = self.ble_conn.before
if '[ ]' in string:
print 'Connection lost! '
raise Exception('Connection Lost')
return None
if index == 0:
after = self.ble_conn.after
hxstr = after.split()[3:]
handle = long(float.fromhex(hxstr[0]))
return hxstr[2:]
else:
print "unexpeced index: {0}".format(index)
return None
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Send a procedure + any parameters required
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _dfu_send_command(self, procedure, params=[]):
if verbose: print '_dfu_send_command'
cmd = 'char-write-req 0x%04x %02x' % (self.ctrlpt_handle, procedure)
cmd += array_to_hex_string(params)
if verbose: print cmd
self.ble_conn.sendline(cmd)
# Verify that command was successfully written
try:
res = self.ble_conn.expect('Characteristic value was written successfully.*', timeout=10)
except pexpect.TIMEOUT, e:
print "State timeout"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Send an array of bytes
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _dfu_send_data(self, data):
cmd = 'char-write-cmd 0x%04x' % (self.data_handle)
cmd += ' '
cmd += array_to_hex_string(data)
if verbose: print cmd
self.ble_conn.sendline(cmd)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Enable notifications from the Control Point Handle
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _enable_notifications(self, cccd_handle):
if verbose: print '_enable_notifications'
cmd = 'char-write-req 0x%04x %s' % (cccd_handle, '0100')
if verbose: print cmd
self.ble_conn.sendline(cmd)
# Verify that command was successfully written
try:
res = self.ble_conn.expect('Characteristic value was written successfully.*', timeout=10)
except pexpect.TIMEOUT, e:
print "State timeout"