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pcb-etching.md

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pcb etching

steps

here there are photos that shows pcb cutting, toner transfer and apply rivets on double sided pcb

requirements

  • laser printer
  • glossy paper 115g
  • dry iron
  • cooking paper
  • sodium persulfate, etching tank, mini air compressor to generate bubbles, a lamp to transfer some heat to increase speed

procedure

  • draw pcb ( easyeda )
    • schematics
      • use left toolbar symbols for most commons ( resistor, capacitor, ... )
      • insert well known components through libraries ( double check for either schematics and pcb available )
      • useful parts:
        • pin headers (system)
        • atmega328 (user contributed : cpu76239 )
      • connect ground to each gnd and vcc
    • pcb
      • generate from schematics through Convert / Convert to PCB ( or update if existing )
      • install local easyeda autoroute to use autoroute faster
      • check track width based on copper thickness and current
      • Tools / Design Rules ( set track width default )
      • Route / Auto Route
        • Route Layers ( deselect BottomLayer if want single-side ). It may unable to resolve but you can Stop and complete by hand unresolved RatLines
  • print
    • File / Export PDF
      • TopLayer ( separate layer, check export ) to generate pcb
      • TopSilkLayer ( separate layer, check mirror ) to generate labels to attach non copper side
      • general rule : Top (mirrored) ; Bottom (NOT mirrored)
  • toner transfer ( video )
    • use a dry iron that has a flat surface
    • print with toner on photo glossy paper 115g
    • place a cooking paper over the glossy paper to allow iron sweep easily
    • proceed with iron for about 5 min over surface in X-Y-XY applying foreach pass a little pressure with body weight
    • wait surface become cold then gently remove paper
  • etching using Sodium persulfate dissolved in water in proportion by product datasheet (usually 1/5 sodium/water); use mechanical bubble shaker and an heat source to speed up process of copper removal ( a light bulb may enough ); tip: if you have solution in a plastic bottle you can put into hot water for 5min to increase temperature checking that internal bottle pressure not too much