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Turla Intelligence Summary

ATT&CK Group ID: G0010

Active since at least the early 2000s, Turla is a sophisticated Russian-based threat group that has exploited victims in more than 50 countries.1 The group has targeted government agencies, diplomatic missions, military groups, research and education facilities, critical infrastructure sectors, and media organizations.1 2 Turla leverages novel techniques and custom tooling and open-source tools to elude defenses and persist on target networks. 3 4 The group is also known for its adaptability and willingness to evolve behaviors and tools to achieve campaign objectives. 5 6 7 Turla is known for their targeted intrusions and innovative stealth. After establishing a foothold and conducting victim enumeration, Turla persists with a minimal footprint through in-memory or kernel implants. 8 9 Turla executes highly targeted campaigns aimed at exfiltrating sensitive information from Linux and Windows infrastructure.10 11

Associated Groups: IRON HUNTER, Group 88, Belugasturgeon, Waterbug, WhiteBear, Snake, Krypton, Venomous Bear

Technique Scope

Key Adversary Report References

Source ID Report Links
1 https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-129a
2 https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-court-authorized-disruption-snake-malware-network-controlled
3 https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/major-cyber-orgs-of-russian-intelligence-services.pdf
4 https://media.defense.gov/2019/Oct/18/2002197242/-1/-1/0/NSA_CSA_TURLA_20191021%20VER%203%20-%20COPY.PDF
5 https://www.eset.com/us/about/newsroom/press-releases/cyber-espionage-group-turla-and-its-latest-malware-under-the-microscope-1/
6 https://www.kaspersky.com/about/press-releases/2023_apt-q1-2023-playbook-advanced-techniques-broader-horizons-and-new-targets
7 https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/static-assets/documents/Turla%20Neuron%20Malware%20Update.pdf
8 https://cert.gov.ua/article/5213167
9 https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603506
10 https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/ESET_Turla_ComRAT.pdf
11 https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/07180251/Penquins_Moonlit_Maze_PDF_eng.pdf
12 https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ESET-LightNeuron.pdf
13 https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/03/12/tracking-turla-new-backdoor-armenian-watering-holes/
14 https://blog.talosintelligence.com/tinyturla/
15 https://www.leonardo.com/documents/15646808/16757471/Malware+Technical+Insight+_Turla+“Penquin_x64”.pdf/524e39d0-029f-1a99-08d5-c013be1b8717?t=1590739252338
16 https://www.gdatasoftware.com/blog/2015/01/23926-analysis-of-project-cobra
17 https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/waterbug-espionage-governments
18 https://www.gdatasoftware.com/blog/2014/03/23966-uroburos-deeper-travel-into-kernel-protection-mitigation
19 https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/acidbox-rare-malware/
20 https://securelist.com/analysis/publications/65545/the-epic-turla-operation/
21 https://www.lastline.com/labsblog/turla-apt-group-gives-their-kernel-exploit-a-makeover/
22 https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-court-authorized-disruption-snake-malware-network-controlled
23 https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-129a
24 https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/major-cyber-orgs-of-russian-intelligence-services.pdf
25 https://media.defense.gov/2019/Oct/18/2002197242/-1/-1/0/NSA_CSA_TURLA_20191021%20VER%203%20-%20COPY.PDF
26 https://www.eset.com/us/about/newsroom/press-releases/cyber-espionage-group-turla-and-its-latest-malware-under-the-microscope-1/
27 https://www.kaspersky.com/about/press-releases/2023_apt-q1-2023-playbook-advanced-techniques-broader-horizons-and-new-targets
28 https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/static-assets/documents/Turla%20Neuron%20Malware%20Update.pdf
29 https://cert.gov.ua/article/5213167
30 https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603506
31 https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/ESET_Turla_ComRAT.pdf

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