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A port 80 (HTTP with Host header) and port 443 (TLS with SNI) proxy

Demonstrates a reverse CDN: Forwards all TCP traffic to backends as indicated in the HTTP Host header or in TLS SNI (server name identification) fields.

A single IP to narrow the waist of the Internet, as it were.

Demo

Point your local DNS resolver to return IP of wherever midway is deployed to, for every query. Note that midway works on port 80 / 443 (that is, HTTP traffic only, for all intents and purposes). Ideally, one'd set their browser's DoH endpoint to a stub resolver that returns midway's IP for all DNS queries.

Try midway with curl, like so:

# TLS with SNI on port 443
curl https://www.example.com --resolve 'www.example.com:443:<midway-ip>' -v
* Added www.example.com:443:<midway-ip> to DNS cache
* Uses proxy env variable no_proxy == 'localhost,127.0.0.0/8,::1'
* Hostname www.example.com was found in DNS cache
#
# this next log line is a confirmation that the traffic was routed to midway:
#
*   Trying <midway-ip>:443...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to www.example.com (<midway-ip>) port 443 (#0)
...

# Host header with HTTP 1.x on port 80
curl abcxyz.neverssl.com --resolve 'abcxyz.neverssl.com:80:<midway-ip>' -v

DNS

Midway runs Fly.io-terminated TLS DoT and DoH stub resolvers on ports 1443 and 1853, this essentially means, you can access DoT over <your-app-name>.fly.dev:1853 and DoH over https://<your-app-name>.fly.dev:1443.

Midway also runs DoT and DoH stub resolver on ports 443 and 853 (or 8443 and 8853 in non-previledge mode). For TLS termination, Cert/Key pair can be ethier supplied by setting env vars, TLS_CERT_PATH / TLS_KEY_PATH pointing to cert / key files; or by base64 encoding the contents of the file into env var, TLS_CERTKEY like so:

# either
TLS_KEY_PATH = "/path/to/pem.key"
TLS_CERT_PATH = "/path/to/pem.cert"
# or
TLS_CERTKEY = "KEY=b64(key-pem-contents)\nCRT=b64(cert-pem-contents)"

The stub-resovler forwards queries to UPSTREAM_DOH env var (The Google DoH public resolver https://dns.google/dns-query is the default).

Test certs for DNS over TLS and DNS over HTTPS in /test/certs/ are generated via openssl (ref).

# DoH with Fly-terminated TLS; queries A record for google.com
curl --http2-prior-knowledge https://<your-app-name>.fly.dev:1443/?dns=AAABAAABAAAAAAAABmdvb2dsZQNjb20AAAEAAQ -v
curl --http2 https://<your-app-name>.fly.dev:1443/?dns=AAABAAABAAAAAAAABmdvb2dsZQNjb20AAAEAAQ -v
curl --http1.1 https://<your-app-name>.fly.dev:1443/?dns=AAABAAABAAAAAAAABmdvb2dsZQNjb20AAAEAAQ -v

# DoT with Fly-terminated TLS; queries A record for dit.whatsapp.net
kdig -d @<your-app-name>.fly.dev:1853 +tls-host=<your-app-name>.fly.dev +tls-sni=<your-app-name>.fly.dev dit.whatsapp.net

A note on HTTP/3 and QUIC

QUIC takes the stakes even higher with Connection IDs facilitating routes between peers (a client source and a server destination), but alas they are not meaningful to middleboxes (such as this code) to control network flows. That is, after the 1-RTT QUIC handshake (with SNI in the clear), the QUIC Connection IDs may change and are exchanged under encryption (with no way to spoof it nor sniff it out). Speak nothing of the 0-RTT QUIC handshake.

Since QUIC relies on Connection IDs for routes, the UDP 4 tuple doesn't matter in terms of flows, either. QUIC is perhaps SPDY, SCTP, MP-TCP rolled into one.

Wouldn't you know that makes some people real giddy.

Deploy

Deploys to fly.io out-of-the-box on every commit. See fly.toml and the deploy github action.