diff --git a/experiments/legalization/legalization.cpp b/experiments/legalization/legalization.cpp
index ddf6cea39..59bf40c77 100644
--- a/experiments/legalization/legalization.cpp
+++ b/experiments/legalization/legalization.cpp
@@ -5,31 +5,30 @@
 #include "experiments.hpp"
 #include "fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/fanout_substitution.hpp"
 #include "fiction/algorithms/properties/check_planarity_balanced.hpp"
-#include "fiction/utils/debug/network_writer.hpp"
+#include "fiction/layouts/clocked_layout.hpp"
+#include "fiction/layouts/cartesian_layout.hpp"
+#include "fiction/layouts/tile_based_layout.hpp"
+#include "fiction/layouts/gate_level_layout.hpp"
+#include "fiction/layouts/coordinates.hpp"
 #include "fiction_experiments.hpp"
 
 #include <fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/network_balancing.hpp>
 #include <fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/node_duplication_planarization.hpp>
-#include <fiction/algorithms/physical_design/orthogonal.hpp>        // scalable heuristic for physical design
-#include <fiction/algorithms/physical_design/wiring_reduction.hpp>  // wiring reduction algorithm
-#include <fiction/algorithms/properties/critical_path_length_and_throughput.hpp>  // critical path and throughput calculations
-#include <fiction/algorithms/verification/equivalence_checking.hpp>               // SAT-based equivalence checking
+#include <fiction/algorithms/physical_design/orthogonal.hpp>  // scalable heuristic for physical design
+#include <fiction/algorithms/verification/design_rule_violations.hpp>
 #include <fiction/algorithms/verification/virtual_miter.hpp>
-#include <fiction/io/dot_drawers.hpp>
 #include <fiction/io/network_reader.hpp>  // read networks from files
 #include <fiction/networks/technology_network.hpp>
 #include <fiction/types.hpp>
 
 #include <fmt/core.h>
-#include <fmt/format.h>  // output formatting
 #include <mockturtle/algorithms/equivalence_checking.hpp>
-#include <mockturtle/networks/aig.hpp>
-#include <mockturtle/utils/stopwatch.hpp>
-#include <mockturtle/views/rank_view.hpp>
+#include <mockturtle/algorithms/miter.hpp>
+#include <mockturtle/networks/klut.hpp>
 
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstdint>
-#include <cstdlib>
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -49,12 +48,11 @@ Ntk read_ntk(const std::string& name)
 
 int main()  // NOLINT
 {
-    experiments::experiment<std::string, uint32_t, uint32_t, uint32_t, uint32_t, uint32_t, uint32_t, bool, bool, bool>
+    experiments::experiment<std::string, std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t, bool, bool, bool>
         wiring_reduction_exp{"planarization", "benchmark",       "inputs",         "virt_inputs",
                              "outputs",       "initial nodes",   "nodes buffered", "nodes planarized",
                              "is_planar",     "equivalent(ntk)", "equivalent(lyt)"};
 
-    int x = 0;
     for (const auto& entry :
          std::filesystem::directory_iterator("/home/benjamin/Documents/Repositories/working/fiction/benchmarks/IWLS93"))
     {
@@ -90,29 +88,10 @@ int main()  // NOLINT
 
         auto benchmark_network = *nets.front();
 
-        bool cont = false;
-        benchmark_network.foreach_pi(
-            [&benchmark_network, &cont](auto pi)
-            {
-                if (benchmark_network.is_po(pi))
-                {
-                    cont = true;
-                    // std::cout << "Pi is Po\n";
-                }
-            });
-        if (cont)
-        {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // fiction::debug::write_dot_network(benchmark_network);
-
-        // std::cout << benchmark_network.num_gates() << std::endl;
-
         fiction::network_balancing_params ps;
         ps.unify_outputs = true;
 
-        const auto _b = fiction::network_balancing<fiction::technology_network>(
+        const auto b = fiction::network_balancing<fiction::technology_network>(
             fiction::fanout_substitution<fiction::technology_network>(benchmark_network), ps);
 
         // happens with exp4.v
@@ -127,22 +106,12 @@ int main()  // NOLINT
         std::cout << "Node 9213: " << fc.fanin_nodes.size() << std::endl;
         std::cout << "Node 9213: " << _b.is_buf(8771) << std::endl;*/
 
-        // std::cout << _b.num_gates() << std::endl;
-
-        // fiction::debug::write_dot_network(_b);
-
-        if (_b.size() > 10000)
+        if (b.size() > 10000)
         {
-            /*wiring_reduction_exp(entry.path().filename().string(), benchmark_network.num_pis(), 0,
-                                 benchmark_network.num_pos(), benchmark_network.num_gates(), _b.num_gates(),
-                                 _b.num_gates(), 0, 0, 0);
-            wiring_reduction_exp.save();
-            wiring_reduction_exp.table();
-            std::cout << ++x << "\n";*/
             continue;
         }
 
-        const auto planarized_b = fiction::node_duplication_planarization<fiction::technology_network>(_b);
+        const auto planarized_b = fiction::node_duplication_planarization<fiction::technology_network>(b);
         const auto is_planar    = fiction::check_planarity(planarized_b);
         if (planarized_b.size() > 20000)
         {
@@ -152,80 +121,34 @@ int main()  // NOLINT
         const auto                             cec_m = mockturtle::equivalence_checking(
             *fiction::virtual_miter<fiction::technology_network>(benchmark_network, planarized_b), {}, &st);
         assert(cec_m.has_value());
-        std::cout << cec_m.value() << std::endl;
-
-        using gate_lyt = fiction::gate_level_layout<
-            fiction::clocked_layout<fiction::tile_based_layout<fiction::cartesian_layout<>>>>;
 
         fiction::orthogonal_physical_design_stats stats{};
         using gate_layout = fiction::gate_level_layout<
             fiction::clocked_layout<fiction::tile_based_layout<fiction::cartesian_layout<fiction::offset::ucoord_t>>>>;
         auto layout = fiction::orthogonal<gate_layout>(planarized_b, {}, &stats);
 
-        fiction::gate_level_drv_params ps_d{};
+        const fiction::gate_level_drv_params ps_d{};
         fiction::gate_level_drv_stats  st_d{};
 
         fiction::gate_level_drvs(layout, ps_d, &st_d);
 
         const auto miter = mockturtle::miter<mockturtle::klut_network>(planarized_b, layout);
-        bool       eq;
+        bool       eq = false;
         if (miter)
         {
-            mockturtle::equivalence_checking_stats st;
+            mockturtle::equivalence_checking_stats st_o;
 
-            const auto ce = mockturtle::equivalence_checking(*miter, {}, &st);
+            const auto ce = mockturtle::equivalence_checking(*miter, {}, &st_o);
             eq            = ce.value();
         }
         wiring_reduction_exp(entry.path().filename().string(), benchmark_network.num_pis(),
                              planarized_b.num_virtual_pis(), benchmark_network.num_pos(), benchmark_network.num_gates(),
-                             _b.num_gates(), planarized_b.num_gates(), is_planar, cec_m.value(), eq);
+                             b.num_gates(), planarized_b.num_gates(), is_planar, cec_m.value(), eq);
         wiring_reduction_exp.save();
         wiring_reduction_exp.table();
-        std::cout << ++x << "\n";
     }
 
-    /*fiction::technology_network tec;
-    const auto pi0 = tec.create_pi();
-    const auto pi1 = tec.create_pi();
-    const auto pi2 = tec.create_pi();
-    const auto pi3 = tec.create_pi();
-    const auto pi4 = tec.create_pi();
-
-    const auto a0 = tec.create_and(pi0, pi1);
-    const auto o0 = tec.create_or(pi0, pi1);
-    const auto a1 = tec.create_and(pi3, pi4);
-    const auto o1 = tec.create_or(pi3, pi4);
-
-    const auto a2 = tec.create_and(o0, pi2);
-    const auto a3 = tec.create_and(o1, pi2);
-    const auto a4 = tec.create_and(a2, a3);
-
-    tec.create_po(a0);
-    tec.create_po(a4);
-    tec.create_po(a1);
-
-    fiction::network_balancing_params ps;
-    ps.unify_outputs = true;
-
-    const auto _b = fiction::network_balancing<fiction::technology_network>(
-        fiction::fanout_substitution<fiction::technology_network>(tec), ps);
-
-
-    const auto _b_topo = mockturtle::topo_view(_b);
-    const auto _b_rank = mockturtle::rank_view(_b);
-
-    fiction::node_duplication_planarization_params dps;
-    dps.random_output_order = false;
-
-    const auto planarized_b = fiction::node_duplication_planarization<fiction::technology_network>(_b, dps);
-
-    fiction::debug::write_dot_network(tec, "tec_test");
-    fiction::debug::write_dot_network(_b, "t_b");
-    fiction::debug::write_dot_network(planarized_b, "network_b");*/
-
-    static constexpr const uint64_t bench_select = (fiction_experiments::iscas85);  // fiction_experiments::iscas85 & ~
-    // fiction_experiments::trindade16 | fiction_experiments::fontes18 | fiction_experiments::epfl |
-    // fiction_experiments::iscas85 static constexpr const uint64_t bench_select =
+    static constexpr const std::uint64_t bench_select = (fiction_experiments::trindade16 | fiction_experiments::fontes18);
     for (const auto& benchmark : fiction_experiments::all_benchmarks(bench_select))
     {
         const auto benchmark_network = read_ntk<fiction::tec_nt>(benchmark);
@@ -233,42 +156,18 @@ int main()  // NOLINT
         fiction::network_balancing_params ps;
         ps.unify_outputs = true;
 
-        bool cont = false;
-        benchmark_network.foreach_pi(
-            [&benchmark_network, &cont](auto pi)
-            {
-                if (benchmark_network.is_po(pi))
-                {
-                    cont = true;
-                    std::cout << "Pi is Po\n";
-                }
-            });
-        if (cont)
-        {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        const auto _b = fiction::network_balancing<fiction::technology_network>(
+        const auto b = fiction::network_balancing<fiction::technology_network>(
             fiction::fanout_substitution<fiction::technology_network>(benchmark_network), ps);
 
-        if (_b.size() > 10000)
-        {
-            /*wiring_reduction_exp(benchmark, benchmark_network.num_pis(), 0, benchmark_network.num_pos(),
-                                 benchmark_network.num_gates(), _b.num_gates(), _b.num_gates(), 0, 0, "TEST");
-            wiring_reduction_exp.save();
-            wiring_reduction_exp.table();*/
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        const auto planarized_b = fiction::node_duplication_planarization<fiction::technology_network>(_b);
+        const auto planarized_b = fiction::node_duplication_planarization<fiction::technology_network>(b);
 
         const auto is_planar = fiction::check_planarity(planarized_b);
 
         if (planarized_b.size() > 20000)
         {
             wiring_reduction_exp(benchmark, benchmark_network.num_pis(), planarized_b.num_virtual_pis(),
-                                 benchmark_network.num_pos(), benchmark_network.num_gates(), _b.num_gates(),
-                                 planarized_b.num_gates(), is_planar, 0, 0);
+                                 benchmark_network.num_pos(), benchmark_network.num_gates(), b.num_gates(),
+                                 planarized_b.num_gates(), is_planar, false, false);
             wiring_reduction_exp.save();
             wiring_reduction_exp.table();
             continue;
@@ -280,62 +179,29 @@ int main()  // NOLINT
             *fiction::virtual_miter<fiction::technology_network>(benchmark_network, planarized_b), {}, &st);
         assert(cec_m.has_value());
 
-        auto name = mockturtle::names_view(planarized_b);
-
-        fiction::restore_names(benchmark_network, name);
-
-        using gate_lyt = fiction::gate_level_layout<
-            fiction::clocked_layout<fiction::tile_based_layout<fiction::cartesian_layout<>>>>;
-
         fiction::orthogonal_physical_design_stats stats{};
         using gate_layout = fiction::gate_level_layout<
             fiction::clocked_layout<fiction::tile_based_layout<fiction::cartesian_layout<fiction::offset::ucoord_t>>>>;
-        auto start  = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
         auto layout = fiction::orthogonal<gate_layout>(planarized_b, {}, &stats);
-        auto stop   = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-
-        std::chrono::duration<double> elapsed = stop - start;
-
-        std::cout << "Time elapsed: " << elapsed.count() << " s\n";
-
-        std::cout << "X size : " << stats.x_size << "\n";
-        std::cout << "Y size : " << stats.y_size << "\n";
-
-        std::cout << "PO benchmark : " << benchmark_network.num_pos() << "\n";
-        std::cout << "PO planarized : " << planarized_b.num_pos() << "\n";
-        std::cout << "PO layout : " << layout.num_pos() << "\n";
 
         fiction::gate_level_drv_params ps_d{};
         fiction::gate_level_drv_stats  st_d{};
 
         fiction::gate_level_drvs(layout, ps_d, &st_d);
 
-        /*fiction::equivalence_checking_stats eq_s_ortho{};
-        // check equivalence
-        const auto eq_stats_ortho =
-            fiction::equivalence_checking<decltype(planarized_b), gate_lyt>(planarized_b, layout, &eq_s_ortho);
-        std::cout << "eq_checking gone\n";
-        const std::string eq_result_ortho = eq_stats_ortho == fiction::eq_type::STRONG ? "STRONG" :
-                                            eq_stats_ortho == fiction::eq_type::WEAK   ? "WEAK" :
-                                                                                         "NO";*/
-
         const auto miter = mockturtle::miter<mockturtle::klut_network>(planarized_b, layout);
-        bool       eq;
+        bool       eq = false;
         if (miter)
         {
-            mockturtle::equivalence_checking_stats st;
+            mockturtle::equivalence_checking_stats st_o;
 
-            const auto ce = mockturtle::equivalence_checking(*miter, {}, &st);
+            const auto ce = mockturtle::equivalence_checking(*miter, {}, &st_o);
             eq            = ce.value();
         }
 
-        // fiction::debug::write_dot_layout(layout);
-        /*fiction::debug::write_dot_network(_b, "ntk_b");
-        fiction::debug::write_dot_network(planarized_b, "ntk_p");*/
-
         // log results
         wiring_reduction_exp(benchmark, benchmark_network.num_pis(), planarized_b.num_virtual_pis(),
-                             benchmark_network.num_pos(), benchmark_network.num_gates(), _b.num_gates(),
+                             benchmark_network.num_pos(), benchmark_network.num_gates(), b.num_gates(),
                              planarized_b.num_gates(), is_planar, cec_m.value(), eq);
 
         wiring_reduction_exp.save();
diff --git a/include/fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/node_duplication_planarization.hpp b/include/fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/node_duplication_planarization.hpp
index 513ac3150..1dc50ee07 100644
--- a/include/fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/node_duplication_planarization.hpp
+++ b/include/fiction/algorithms/network_transformation/node_duplication_planarization.hpp
@@ -5,18 +5,18 @@
 #ifndef FICTION_NODE_DUPLICATION_PLANARIZATION_HPP
 #define FICTION_NODE_DUPLICATION_PLANARIZATION_HPP
 
-#include "fiction/algorithms/properties/check_planarity_balanced.hpp"
 #include "fiction/networks/views/extended_rank_view.hpp"
 #include "fiction/networks/virtual_pi_network.hpp"
 
 #include <mockturtle/traits.hpp>
+#include <mockturtle/utils/node_map.hpp>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cmath>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <limits>
-#include <optional>
 #include <random>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <utility>
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ struct node_pair
      * @param node2 The second node of the fanin-edged node.
      * @param delayValue The delay value for the node.
      */
-    node_pair(mockturtle::node<Ntk> node1, mockturtle::node<Ntk> node2, uint64_t delayValue) :
+    node_pair(mockturtle::node<Ntk> node1, mockturtle::node<Ntk> node2, uint64_t delay_value) :
             pair(node1, node2),
-            delay(delayValue),
+            delay(delay_value),
             fanin_pair(nullptr)
     {}
 };
diff --git a/libs/Catch2 b/libs/Catch2
index fa306fc85..bc63412e2 160000
--- a/libs/Catch2
+++ b/libs/Catch2
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit fa306fc85eca7cc68a5362c503019fa823cbe411
+Subproject commit bc63412e2a3b3e39e178ea75953522f78b840aa7
diff --git a/libs/json b/libs/json
index 960b763ec..b36f4c477 160000
--- a/libs/json
+++ b/libs/json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 960b763ecd144f156d05ec61f577b04107290137
+Subproject commit b36f4c477c40356a0ae1204b567cca3c2a57d201
diff --git a/libs/mockturtle b/libs/mockturtle
index 924c277bc..e55e2bbbe 160000
--- a/libs/mockturtle
+++ b/libs/mockturtle
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 924c277bc01900c9dc6d56fb6f2f4d100cab0806
+Subproject commit e55e2bbbef4648d311b97ae0907380190ebe8a29
diff --git a/libs/parallel-hashmap b/libs/parallel-hashmap
index 8a889d369..63acc3336 160000
--- a/libs/parallel-hashmap
+++ b/libs/parallel-hashmap
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 8a889d3699b3c09ade435641fb034427f3fd12b6
+Subproject commit 63acc3336f941c6f324c88eb9ee4ce623a460cd5
diff --git a/libs/pybind11 b/libs/pybind11
index a1d00916b..ef5a9560b 160000
--- a/libs/pybind11
+++ b/libs/pybind11
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit a1d00916b26b187e583f3bce39cd59c3b0652c32
+Subproject commit ef5a9560bb03efcac588888a825b7c7a0b8266cc
diff --git a/libs/tinyxml2 b/libs/tinyxml2
index 8a519a556..374292e9b 160000
--- a/libs/tinyxml2
+++ b/libs/tinyxml2
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 8a519a556afecb3e717a4797615a8bfa49cae10a
+Subproject commit 374292e9ba1549460f35d70411daba8b82bb2add