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vast.go
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// Package vast implements IAB VAST 3.0 specification http://www.iab.net/media/file/VASTv3.0.pdf
package vast
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/xml"
"strings"
)
// MarshalXML is a custom XML marshalling method, with some fixes on top of the native encoding/xml package
func (v *VAST) MarshalXML() ([]byte, error) {
data, err := xml.Marshal(v)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
strXML := string(data)
strXML = strings.Replace(strXML, "_xmlns", "xmlns", -1)
strXML = strings.Replace(strXML, ` xmlns:xmlns="xmlns"`, "", -1)
strXML = xml.Header + strXML
strXML = strings.Replace(strXML, "\n", "", -1)
strXML = strings.Replace(strXML, "\t", "", -1)
strXML = strings.TrimSpace(strXML)
return []byte(strXML), nil
}
// FromXML is a custom XML unmarshalling method, with some fixes on top of the native encoding/xml package
func FromXML(xmlStr []byte) (*VAST, error) {
xmlStr = bytes.Replace(xmlStr, []byte("\n"), []byte(""), -1)
xmlStr = bytes.Replace(xmlStr, []byte("\t"), []byte(""), -1)
var v VAST
if err := xml.Unmarshal(xmlStr, &v); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &v, nil
}
// VAST is the root <VAST> tag
type VAST struct {
// The version of the VAST spec (should be either "2.0" or "3.0")
Version string `xml:"version,attr"`
// One or more Ad elements. Advertisers and video content publishers may
// associate an <Ad> element with a line item video ad defined in contract
// documentation, usually an insertion order. These line item ads typically
// specify the creative to display, price, delivery schedule, targeting,
// and so on.
Ads []Ad `xml:"Ad"`
// Contains a URI to a tracking resource that the video player should request
// upon receiving a “no ad” response
Errors []string `xml:"Error"`
}
// Ad represent an <Ad> child tag in a VAST document
//
// Each <Ad> contains a single <InLine> element or <Wrapper> element (but never both).
type Ad struct {
// An ad server-defined identifier string for the ad
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// A number greater than zero (0) that identifies the sequence in which
// an ad should play; all <Ad> elements with sequence values are part of
// a pod and are intended to be played in sequence
Sequence int `xml:"sequence,attr,omitempty"`
InLine *InLine `xml:",omitempty"`
Wrapper *Wrapper `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// InLine is a vast <InLine> ad element containing actual ad definition
//
// The last ad server in the ad supply chain serves an <InLine> element.
// Within the nested elements of an <InLine> element are all the files and
// URIs necessary to display the ad.
type InLine struct {
// The name of the ad server that returned the ad
AdSystem *AdSystem
// The common name of the ad
AdTitle *AdTitle
// A string value that provides a longer description of the ad.
Description string `xml:",omitempty"`
// The name of the advertiser as defined by the ad serving party.
// This element can be used to prevent displaying ads with advertiser
// competitors. Ad serving parties and publishers should identify how
// to interpret values provided within this element. As with any optional
// elements, the video player is not required to support it.
Advertiser string `xml:",omitempty"`
// Provides a value that represents a price that can be used by real-time bidding
// (RTB) systems. VAST is not designed to handle RTB since other methods exist,
// but this element is offered for custom solutions if needed.
Pricing string `xml:",omitempty"`
// A URI to a survey vendor that could be the survey, a tracking pixel,
// or anything to do with the survey. Multiple survey elements can be provided.
// A type attribute is available to specify the MIME type being served.
// For example, the attribute might be set to type=”text/javascript”.
// Surveys can be dynamically inserted into the VAST response as long as
// cross-domain issues are avoided.
Survey string `xml:",omitempty"`
// A URI representing an error-tracking pixel; this element can occur multiple
// times.
Error []Error `xml:",omitempty"`
// One or more URIs that directs the video player to a tracking resource file that the
// video player should request when the first frame of the ad is displayed
Impressions []Impression `xml:"Impression"`
// The container for one or more <Creative> elements
Creatives []Creative `xml:"Creatives>Creative"`
// XML node for custom extensions, as defined by the ad server. When used, a
// custom element should be nested under <Extensions> to help separate custom
// XML elements from VAST elements. The following example includes a custom
// xml element within the Extensions element.
Extensions *Extensions `xml:",omitempty"`
// Custom XML node for SuperSonic social links
}
type Error struct {
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}
// Impression is a URI that directs the video player to a tracking resource file that
// the video player should request when the first frame of the ad is displayed
type Impression struct {
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}
// Pricing provides a value that represents a price that can be used by real-time
// bidding (RTB) systems. VAST is not designed to handle RTB since other methods
// exist, but this element is offered for custom solutions if needed.
type Pricing struct {
// Identifies the pricing model as one of "cpm", "cpc", "cpe" or "cpv".
Model string `xml:"model,attr"`
// The 3 letter ISO-4217 currency symbol that identifies the currency of
// the value provided
Currency string `xml:"currency,attr"`
// If the value provided is to be obfuscated/encoded, publishers and advertisers
// must negotiate the appropriate mechanism to do so. When included as part of
// a VAST Wrapper in a chain of Wrappers, only the value offered in the first
// Wrapper need be considered.
Value string `xml:",chardata"`
}
// Wrapper element contains a URI reference to a vendor ad server (often called
// a third party ad server). The destination ad server either provides the ad
// files within a VAST <InLine> ad element or may provide a secondary Wrapper
// ad, pointing to yet another ad server. Eventually, the final ad server in
// the ad supply chain must contain all the necessary files needed to display
// the ad.
type Wrapper struct {
// The name of the ad server that returned the ad
AdSystem *AdSystem
// URL of ad tag of downstream Secondary Ad Server
VASTAdTagURI URI `xml:",cdata"`
// A URI representing an error-tracking pixel; this element can occur multiple
// times.
Error []Error `xml:",omitempty"`
// One or more URIs that directs the video player to a tracking resource file that the
// video player should request when the first frame of the ad is displayed
Impressions []Impression `xml:"Impression"`
// The container for one or more <Creative> elements
Creatives []CreativeWrapper `xml:"Creatives>Creative"`
// XML node for custom extensions, as defined by the ad server. When used, a
// custom element should be nested under <Extensions> to help separate custom
// XML elements from VAST elements. The following example includes a custom
// xml element within the Extensions element.
Extensions *Extensions `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// AdSystem contains information about the system that returned the ad
type AdSystem struct {
Version string `xml:"version,attr,omitempty"`
Name string `xml:",cdata"`
}
type AdTitle struct {
Name string `xml:",cdata"`
}
// Creative is a file that is part of a VAST ad.
type Creative struct {
// An ad server-defined identifier for the creative
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// The preferred order in which multiple Creatives should be displayed
Sequence int `xml:"sequence,attr,omitempty"`
// Identifies the ad with which the creative is served
AdID string `xml:"AdID,attr,omitempty"`
// The technology used for any included API
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
// If present, defines a linear creative
Linear *Linear `xml:",omitempty"`
// If defined, defins companions creatives
CompanionAds *CompanionAds `xml:",omitempty"`
// If defined, defins non linear creatives
NonLinearAds *NonLinearAds `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// CompanionAds contains companions creatives
type CompanionAds struct {
// Provides information about which companion creative to display.
// All means that the player must attempt to display all. Any means the player
// must attempt to play at least one. None means all companions are optional
Required string `xml:"required,attr,omitempty"`
Companions []Companion `xml:"Companion,omitempty"`
}
// NonLinearAds contains non linear creatives
type NonLinearAds struct {
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
// Non linear creatives
NonLinears []NonLinear `xml:"NonLinear,omitempty"`
}
// CreativeWrapper defines wrapped creative's parent trackers
type CreativeWrapper struct {
// An ad server-defined identifier for the creative
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// The preferred order in which multiple Creatives should be displayed
Sequence int `xml:"sequence,attr,omitempty"`
// Identifies the ad with which the creative is served
AdID string `xml:"AdID,attr,omitempty"`
// If present, defines a linear creative
Linear *LinearWrapper `xml:",omitempty"`
// If defined, defins companions creatives
CompanionAds *CompanionAdsWrapper `xml:"CompanionAds,omitempty"`
// If defined, defines non linear creatives
NonLinearAds *NonLinearAdsWrapper `xml:"NonLinearAds,omitempty"`
}
// CompanionAdsWrapper contains companions creatives in a wrapper
type CompanionAdsWrapper struct {
// Provides information about which companion creative to display.
// All means that the player must attempt to display all. Any means the player
// must attempt to play at least one. None means all companions are optional
Required string `xml:"required,attr,omitempty"`
Companions []CompanionWrapper `xml:"Companion,omitempty"`
}
// NonLinearAdsWrapper contains non linear creatives in a wrapper
type NonLinearAdsWrapper struct {
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
// Non linear creatives
NonLinears []NonLinearWrapper `xml:"NonLinear,omitempty"`
}
// Linear is the most common type of video advertisement trafficked in the
// industry is a “linear ad”, which is an ad that displays in the same area
// as the content but not at the same time as the content. In fact, the video
// player must interrupt the content before displaying a linear ad.
// Linear ads are often displayed right before the video content plays.
// This ad position is called a “pre-roll” position. For this reason, a linear
// ad is often called a “pre-roll.”
type Linear struct {
// To specify that a Linear creative can be skipped, the ad server must
// include the skipoffset attribute in the <Linear> element. The value
// for skipoffset is a time value in the format HH:MM:SS or HH:MM:SS.mmm
// or a percentage in the format n%. The .mmm value in the time offset
// represents milliseconds and is optional. This skipoffset value
// indicates when the skip control should be provided after the creative
// begins playing.
SkipOffset *Offset `xml:"skipoffset,attr,omitempty"`
// Duration in standard time format, hh:mm:ss
Duration *Duration
Icons []Icon
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
AdParameters *AdParameters `xml:",omitempty"`
VideoClicks *VideoClicks `xml:",omitempty"`
MediaFiles []MediaFile `xml:"MediaFiles>MediaFile,omitempty"`
CreativeExtensions *CreativeExtensions `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// LinearWrapper defines a wrapped linear creative
type LinearWrapper struct {
Icons []Icon
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
VideoClicks *VideoClicks `xml:",omitempty"`
CreativeExtensions *CreativeExtensions `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// Companion defines a companion ad
type Companion struct {
// URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
StaticResource *StaticResource `xml:",omitempty"`
// URL source for an IFrame to display the companion element
IFrameResource string `xml:",omitempty"`
// HTML to display the companion element
HTMLResource *HTMLResource `xml:",omitempty"`
// Extensions
CreativeExtensions *CreativeExtensions `xml:",omitempty"`
// The creativeView should always be requested when present. For Companions
// creativeView is the only supported event.
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
// URL to open as destination page when user clicks on the the companion banner ad.
CompanionClickThrough *CompanionClickThrough `xml:",omitempty"`
// Alt text to be displayed when companion is rendered in HTML environment.
AltText string `xml:",omitempty"`
// Data to be passed into the companion ads. The apiFramework defines the method
// to use for communication (e.g. “FlashVar”)
AdParameters *AdParameters `xml:",omitempty"`
// Optional identifier
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion slot.
Width int `xml:"width,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion slot.
Height int `xml:"height,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of the companion asset.
AssetWidth int `xml:"assetWidth,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of the companion asset.
AssetHeight int `xml:"assetHeight,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding companion ad when in expanded state.
ExpandedWidth int `xml:"expandedWidth,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding companion ad when in expanded state.
ExpandeHeight int `xml:"expandedHeight,attr"`
// The apiFramework defines the method to use for communication with the companion.
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
// Used to match companion creative to publisher placement areas on the page.
AdSlotID string `xml:"adSlotId,attr,omitempty"`
}
// CompanionWrapper defines a companion ad in a wrapper
type CompanionWrapper struct {
// Optional identifier
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion slot.
Width int `xml:"width,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion slot.
Height int `xml:"height,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of the companion asset.
AssetWidth int `xml:"assetWidth,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of the companion asset.
AssetHeight int `xml:"assetHeight,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding companion ad when in expanded state.
ExpandedWidth int `xml:"expandedWidth,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding companion ad when in expanded state.
ExpandeHeight int `xml:"expandedHeight,attr"`
// The apiFramework defines the method to use for communication with the companion.
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
// Used to match companion creative to publisher placement areas on the page.
AdSlotID string `xml:"adSlotId,attr,omitempty"`
// URL to open as destination page when user clicks on the the companion banner ad.
CompanionClickThrough string `xml:",omitempty"`
// URLs to ping when user clicks on the the companion banner ad.
CompanionClickTracking []string `xml:",omitempty"`
// Alt text to be displayed when companion is rendered in HTML environment.
AltText string `xml:",omitempty"`
// The creativeView should always be requested when present. For Companions
// creativeView is the only supported event.
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
// Data to be passed into the companion ads. The apiFramework defines the method
// to use for communication (e.g. “FlashVar”)
AdParameters *AdParameters `xml:",omitempty"`
// URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
StaticResource *StaticResource `xml:",omitempty"`
// URL source for an IFrame to display the companion element
IFrameResource string `xml:",omitempty"`
// HTML to display the companion element
HTMLResource *HTMLResource `xml:",omitempty"`
CreativeExtensions *CreativeExtensions `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// NonLinear defines a non linear ad
type NonLinear struct {
// URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
StaticResource *StaticResource `xml:",omitempty"`
// URL source for an IFrame to display the companion element
IFrameResource string `xml:",omitempty"`
// HTML to display the companion element
HTMLResource *HTMLResource `xml:",omitempty"`
CreativeExtensions *CreativeExtensions `xml:",omitempty"`
// URLs to ping when user clicks on the the non-linear ad.
NonLinearClickTracking []string `xml:",omitempty"`
// URL to open as destination page when user clicks on the non-linear ad unit.
NonLinearClickThrough string `xml:",omitempty"`
// Data to be passed into the video ad.
AdParameters *AdParameters `xml:",omitempty"`
// Optional identifier
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion.
Width int `xml:"width,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion.
Height int `xml:"height,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding nonlinear ad when in expanded state.
ExpandedWidth int `xml:"expandedWidth,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding nonlinear ad when in expanded state.
ExpandeHeight int `xml:"expandedHeight,attr"`
// Whether it is acceptable to scale the image.
Scalable bool `xml:"scalable,attr,omitempty"`
// Whether the ad must have its aspect ratio maintained when scales.
MaintainAspectRatio bool `xml:"maintainAspectRatio,attr,omitempty"`
// Suggested duration to display non-linear ad, typically for animation to complete.
// Expressed in standard time format hh:mm:ss.
MinSuggestedDuration *Duration `xml:"minSuggestedDuration,attr,omitempty"`
// The apiFramework defines the method to use for communication with the nonlinear element.
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
}
// NonLinearWrapper defines a non linear ad in a wrapper
type NonLinearWrapper struct {
// Optional identifier
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion.
Width int `xml:"width,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of companion.
Height int `xml:"height,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding nonlinear ad when in expanded state.
ExpandedWidth int `xml:"expandedWidth,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of expanding nonlinear ad when in expanded state.
ExpandeHeight int `xml:"expandedHeight,attr"`
// Whether it is acceptable to scale the image.
Scalable bool `xml:"scalable,attr,omitempty"`
// Whether the ad must have its aspect ratio maintained when scales.
MaintainAspectRatio bool `xml:"maintainAspectRatio,attr,omitempty"`
// Suggested duration to display non-linear ad, typically for animation to complete.
// Expressed in standard time format hh:mm:ss.
MinSuggestedDuration *Duration `xml:"minSuggestedDuration,attr,omitempty"`
// The apiFramework defines the method to use for communication with the nonlinear element.
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
// The creativeView should always be requested when present.
TrackingEvents []Tracking `xml:"TrackingEvents>Tracking,omitempty"`
// URLs to ping when user clicks on the the non-linear ad.
NonLinearClickTracking []string `xml:",omitempty"`
CreativeExtensions *CreativeExtensions `xml:",omitempty"`
}
// Icon represents advertising industry initiatives like AdChoices.
type Icon struct {
// URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
StaticResource *StaticResource `xml:",omitempty"`
// URL source for an IFrame to display the companion element
IFrameResource string `xml:",omitempty"`
// HTML to display the companion element
HTMLResource *HTMLResource `xml:",omitempty"`
// URLs to ping when user clicks on the the icon.
IconClickTrackings []string `xml:"IconClicks>IconClickTracking,omitempty"`
// URL to open as destination page when user clicks on the icon.
IconClickThrough string `xml:"IconClicks>IconClickThrough,omitempty"`
// Identifies the industry initiative that the icon supports.
Program string `xml:"program,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of icon.
Width int `xml:"width,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of icon.
Height int `xml:"height,attr"`
// The horizontal alignment location (in pixels) or a specific alignment.
// Must match ([0-9]*|left|right)
XPosition string `xml:"xPosition,attr"`
// The vertical alignment location (in pixels) or a specific alignment.
// Must match ([0-9]*|top|bottom)
YPosition string `xml:"xPosition,attr"`
// Start time at which the player should display the icon. Expressed in standard time format hh:mm:ss.
Offset Offset `xml:"offset,attr"`
// duration for which the player must display the icon. Expressed in standard time format hh:mm:ss.
Duration string `xml:"duration,attr"`
// The apiFramework defines the method to use for communication with the icon element
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
}
// Tracking defines an event tracking URL
type Tracking struct {
// The name of the event to track for the element. The creativeView should
// always be requested when present.
//
// Possible values are creativeView, start, firstQuartile, midpoint, thirdQuartile,
// complete, mute, unmute, pause, rewind, resume, fullscreen, exitFullscreen, expand,
// collapse, acceptInvitation, close, skip, progress.
Event string `xml:"event,attr"`
// The time during the video at which this url should be pinged. Must be present for
// progress event. Must match (\d{2}:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d(\.\d\d\d)?|1?\d?\d(\.?\d)*%)
Offset *Offset `xml:"offset,attr,omitempty"`
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}
// StaticResource is the URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
type StaticResource struct {
// Mime type of static resource
CreativeType string `xml:"creativeType,attr,omitempty"`
// URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}
// HTMLResource is a container for HTML data
type HTMLResource struct {
// Specifies whether the HTML is XML-encoded
XMLEncoded bool `xml:"xmlEncoded,attr,omitempty"`
HTML []byte `xml:",cdata"`
}
// AdParameters defines arbitrary ad parameters
type AdParameters struct {
// Specifies whether the parameters are XML-encoded
XMLEncoded bool `xml:"xmlEncoded,attr,omitempty"`
Parameters []byte `xml:",cdata"`
}
// VideoClicks contains types of video clicks
type VideoClicks struct {
ClickThroughs []VideoClick `xml:"ClickThrough,omitempty"`
ClickTrackings []VideoClick `xml:"ClickTracking,omitempty"`
CustomClicks []VideoClick `xml:"CustomClick,omitempty"`
}
// VideoClick defines a click URL for a linear creative
type VideoClick struct {
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}
// MediaFile defines a reference to a linear creative asset
type MediaFile struct {
// Optional identifier
ID string `xml:"id,attr,omitempty"`
// Method of delivery of ad (either "streaming" or "progressive")
Delivery string `xml:"delivery,attr"`
// MIME type. Popular MIME types include, but are not limited to
// “video/x-ms-wmv” for Windows Media, and “video/x-flv” for Flash
// Video. Image ads or interactive ads can be included in the
// MediaFiles section with appropriate Mime types
Type string `xml:"type,attr"`
// The codec used to produce the media file.
Codec string `xml:"codec,attr,omitempty"`
// Bitrate of encoded video in Kbps. If bitrate is supplied, MinBitrate
// and MaxBitrate should not be supplied.
Bitrate int `xml:"bitrate,attr,omitempty"`
// Minimum bitrate of an adaptive stream in Kbps. If MinBitrate is supplied,
// MaxBitrate must be supplied and Bitrate should not be supplied.
MinBitrate int `xml:"minBitrate,attr,omitempty"`
// Maximum bitrate of an adaptive stream in Kbps. If MaxBitrate is supplied,
// MinBitrate must be supplied and Bitrate should not be supplied.
MaxBitrate int `xml:"maxBitrate,attr,omitempty"`
// Pixel dimensions of video.
Width int `xml:"width,attr"`
// Pixel dimensions of video.
Height int `xml:"height,attr"`
// Whether it is acceptable to scale the image.
Scalable bool `xml:"scalable,attr,omitempty"`
// Whether the ad must have its aspect ratio maintained when scales.
MaintainAspectRatio bool `xml:"maintainAspectRatio,attr,omitempty"`
// The APIFramework defines the method to use for communication if the MediaFile
// is interactive. Suggested values for this element are “VPAID”, “FlashVars”
// (for Flash/Flex), “initParams” (for Silverlight) and “GetVariables” (variables
// placed in key/value pairs on the asset request).
APIFramework string `xml:"apiFramework,attr,omitempty"`
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}
// Extensions defines extensions
type Extensions struct {
Extensions []Extension `xml:"Extension,omitempty"`
}
// CreativeExtensions defines extensions for creatives
type CreativeExtensions struct {
Extensions []Extension `xml:"CreativeExtension,omitempty"`
}
// Extension represent aribtrary XML provided by the platform to extend the VAST response
type Extension struct {
Type string `xml:"type,attr,omitempty"`
Data []byte `xml:",innerxml"`
}
type CompanionClickThrough struct {
// URL to a static file, such as an image or SWF file
URI URI `xml:",cdata"`
}