04-Maps.Rmd

# Maps

地图毫无疑问是展示地理信息数据时最直观的工具，尤其是当地图和统计量结合时，其功效则会进一步加强。地理信息系统(GIS)已经成为研究空间和地理数据的热门工具，地图的应用也是屡见不鲜。地图的本质是多边形，而多边形的边界则由地理经纬度数据确定。

## maps包

R中的附加包 maps 是目前比较完善的地图程序包之一，maps包中核心的函数为`map()`，该函数的两个主要参数为地图数据库**database**和地图区域**region**，地图数据库中包含了所有区域的经纬度数据以及相应的区域名称，在指定一个数据库和一系列区域名称之后，这些区域的地图便可由`map()`生成。

```{r,eval=FALSE, message=TRUE}
library(maps)
usage(map, w = 0.8)
map(
  database = "world", regions = ".", exact = FALSE,
  boundary = TRUE, interior = TRUE, projection = "", parameters = NULL,
  orientation = NULL, fill = FALSE, col = 1, plot = TRUE,
  add = FALSE, namesonly = FALSE, xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL,
  wrap = FALSE, resolution = if (plot) 1 else 0, type = "l",
  bg = par("bg"), mar = c(4.1, 4.1, par("mar")[3], 0.1),
  border = 0.01, ...
)
```

### 世界地图

通过运行如下代码得到世界地图。maps包里面还包括了美国、新西兰、意大利等国的地图。

```{r}
library(maps)
par(family = "STKaiti")
map("world", fill = TRUE, col = topo.colors(10), ylim = c(-60, 90), mar = c(0, 0, 0, 0))
title("世界地图") # 添加标题
```

### 美国地图

```{r}
map("state",
  fill = TRUE, col = heat.colors(10),
  mar = c(0, 0, 2, 0)
)
par(family = "STKaiti")
title("美国地图")
```

可以根据需要绘制某国地图或者美国某几个州的地图，只需在map()函数中添加选项例如`region = c('new york', 'new jersey', 'penn')` 即可。

```{r}
map("state",
  region = c("new york", "new jersey", "penn"),
  fill = TRUE, col = terrain.colors(3), mar = c(2, 3, 4, 3)
)
par(family = "STKaiti")
title("美国三州地图")
```

### 中国地图

在国家基础地理信息中心的网站上提供了免费的GIS数据下载，里面包括了国界与省界数据，使用R的maptools包的`readShapePoly()`或rgdal包的`readOGR()`可以读取shp文件。

```{r results='hide', message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
library(maptools)
library(rgdal)
china <- readOGR("china/bou2_4p.shp")
china@data$NAME <- iconv(china@data$NAME, "GBK", "UTF-8")
```

该数据包含了中国925个地区的的面积、周长、编号、行政区名称等信息。

```{r}
str(china@data)
```

在绘制地图时，每一个省市自治区或岛屿都是用一个多边形来表示的。GIS数据提供了每一个行政区的多边形逐点的坐标，然后R通过顺次连接这些坐标，就绘制出了一个多边形区域。

```{r}
plot(china)
par(family = "STKaiti")
title("中国地图")
```

plot命令中的col参数在本例中应该是一个长度为 925 的向量，其第 i 个分量的取值就代表了地图中第 i 个多边形的颜色。

```{r}
plot(china, col = gray(924:0 / 924))
```

也可以通过查找相应的行政区对应的行名对col参数进行赋值，对相应地区进行着色：

```{r}
getColor <- function(mapdata, provname, provcol, othercol) {
  f <- function(x, y) ifelse(x %in% y, which(y == x), 0)
  colIndex <- sapply(mapdata@data$NAME, f, provname)
  col <- c(othercol, provcol)[colIndex + 1]
  return(col)
}
```

其中**mapdata**是存放地图数据的变量，**provname**是需要改变颜色的地区的名称，**provcol**是对应于**provname**的代表颜色的向量，**othercol**是其它地区的颜色。举例如下：

```{r}
provname <- c("北京市", "上海市", "重庆市", "福建省")
provcol <- c("red", "green", "yellow", "purple")
plot(china, col = getColor(china, provname, provcol, "white"))
```

利用类似的方法就可以根据自己的需要对不同的区域进行着色。从国家统计局获取我国各地区的人口数据，然后根据人口的多少对各省份进行着色。

```{r}
data_population <- read.csv("data/population.csv")
head(data_population[,2:3])
```
```{r}
provname <- data_population$provname
pop <- data_population$pop
provcol <- rgb(red = 1 - pop / max(pop) / 2, green = 1 - pop / max(pop) / 2, blue = 0)
plot(china, col = getColor(china, provname, provcol, "white"), xlab = "", ylab = "")
```

此外，还可以利用这个参数画出国内某一部分的地图，例如绘制福建、浙江、江西和广东四个东南地区省份的地图如下：

```{r}
southeast <- c("福建省", "浙江省", "江西省", "广东省")
plot(china,
  col = getColor(china, southeast, rep("blue", 4), "white"), border = "white",
  xlab = "", ylab = ""
)
```

还可以人工将各省会的信息在地图上标记出来

```{r}
par(mar = rep(0, 4))
par(family = "STKaiti")
dat <- read.csv("data/city.csv")
plot(china, col = "lightgray", ylim = c(18, 54), panel.first = grid())
points(dat$jd, dat$wd, pch = 19, col = rgb(0, 0, 0, 0.5), cex = 0.6)
text(dat$jd, dat$wd, dat[, 2],
  cex = 0.7, col = rgb(0, 0, 0, 0.7),
  pos = c(
    2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4, 2, 4, 2, 2,
    4, 3, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, 4, 3, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 2
  )
)
axis(1, lwd = 0)
axis(2, lwd = 0)
axis(3, lwd = 0)
axis(4, lwd = 0)
```

## REmap包

REmap是一个基于Echarts的R语言程序包，为使用者提供了一个简便的、可交互的地图数据可视化工具。由于REmap目前托管在GitHub上,需要使用devtools包下载。

``` {.{r，eval=false}}
install.packages('devtools')
library(devtools)
install_github('lchiffon/REmap')
```

### 获取经纬度信息

REmap是基于百度地图构建的，因此需要在百度地图开放平台创建项目获取AK，配置到REmap中。

```{r}
library(REmap)
options(remap.ak = "ZAIIlGEpPKoBVF5M4GLEuN6G5T6AQpCn") # 配置百度地图API
place <- c("中央财经大学学院南路校区", "中央财经大学沙河校区")
get_geo_position(place)
```

### 获取各省（市）的市（区）级行政单位名称

问：北京市究竟下辖哪几个区呢？

```{r}
mapNames("北京")
```

### 地图可视化

#### remap函数绘制航迹图

```{r,eval=F}
origin <- rep("北京", 10)
destination <- c(
  "上海", "广州", "大连", "南宁", "南昌",
  "拉萨", "长春", "包头", "重庆", "常州"
)
flight <- data.frame(origin, destination)
remap(flight, title = "航迹图", theme = get_theme("Dark"))
```

```{=html}
<script src="./js/echarts.js"></script>
<script src = "./js/echarts-all.js"></script>
<div id="remap" style="width: 700px; height:466px;"></div>
<script>
  var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById("remap"));

  var option = 
{
  backgroundColor: '#1b1b1b',
  color: ['gold','aqua','lime'],
  title : {
  text: '航迹图',
  subtext:'theme:Dark',
  x:'center',
  textStyle : {
  color: '#fff'
  }
  },
  tooltip : {
  trigger: 'item',
  formatter: '{b}'
  },
  toolbox: {
  show : true,
  orient : 'vertical',
  x: 'right',
  y: 'center',
  feature : {
  mark : {show: true},
  dataView : {show: true, readOnly: false},
  restore : {show: true},
  saveAsImage : {show: true}
  }
  },
  dataRange: {
  min : 0,
  show: false,
  max : 100,
  y: '60%',
  calculable : true,
  color: ['#ff3333', 'orange', 'yellow','lime','aqua']
  },

  series : [
  {
  type:'map',
  itemStyle:{
  normal:{
  borderColor:'rgba(100,149,237,1)',
  borderWidth: 0.5,
  areaStyle:{
  color: '#1b1b1b'
  }
  }
  },
  data:[],
  geoCoord: {'北京': [116.413554,39.911013],
'上海': [121.480237,31.236305],
'广州': [113.270793,23.135308],
'大连': [121.621391,38.919345],
'南宁': [108.373351,22.823037],
'南昌': [115.864528,28.687675],
'拉萨': [91.121025,29.650088],
'长春': [125.33017,43.82178],
'包头': [109.846755,40.663636],
'重庆': [106.557165,29.570997],
'常州': [119.58,31.47]},

  markLine : {
  smooth:true,
  effect : {
  show: true,
  scaleSize: 1,
  period: 30,
  color: '#fff',
  shadowBlur: 10
  },
  itemStyle : {
  color: 'red',
  normal: {
  borderWidth:1,
  lineStyle: {
  type: 'solid',
  shadowBlur: 10
  },
  label:{show:false}
  }
  },

  data : [
  [{name:'北京'}, {name:'上海',value: 90}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'广州',value: 70}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'大连',value: 70}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'南宁',value: 20}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'南昌',value: 80}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'拉萨',value: 80}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'长春',value: 20}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'包头',value: 30}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'重庆',value: 20}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'常州',value:100}]
  ]
  },
  markPoint : {
  symbol:'emptyCircle',
  symbolSize : function (v){
  return 10 + v/10
  },
  effect : {
  show: true,
  shadowBlur : 0
  },
  itemStyle:{
  normal:{
  label:{show:true}
  }
  },
  data : [
  {name:'上海',value: 90},
{name:'广州',value: 70},
{name:'大连',value: 70},
{name:'南宁',value: 20},
{name:'南昌',value: 80},
{name:'拉萨',value: 80},
{name:'长春',value: 20},
{name:'包头',value: 30},
{name:'重庆',value: 20},
{name:'常州',value:100}
  ]
  }
  }
  ]
  }
;
myChart.setOption(option);
</script>
```
图中的颜色可以通过`get_theme()`来设置，几个常用的参数：\

**Theme:theme**是总体配色选项，共有'Dark','Bright','Sky','None'四种选项。选定该选项（除'None'外）后，其它参数无需再设置。\
**lineColor**: lineColor为线条颜色，默认是随机，也可自行设置，如'red'。\
**BackgroundColor**:地图外背景颜色\
**RegionColor**:地图中各区域颜色

```{r,eval=FALSE, message=TRUE}
get_theme(
  theme = "Dark",
  lineColor = "Random",
  backgroundColor = "#1b1b1b",
  titleColor = "#fff",
  borderColor = "rgba(100,149,237,1)",
  regionColor = "#1b1b1b",
  labelShow = T,
  pointShow = F,
  pointColor = "gold"
)
```

例如将颜色改为亮色：

```{r,eval=F}
remap(flight, title = "亮色航迹图", theme = get_theme("Bright"))
```

```{=html}
<div id="main2" style="width: 700px; height:466px;"></div>
  <script src="http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts.js"></script>
  <script src = "http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts-all.js"></script>
  <script>
  var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main2"));

  var optionID_20211223000944_48477 = 
{
  backgroundColor: '#D9D9D9',
  color: ['gold','aqua','lime'],
  title : {
  text: '亮色航迹图',
  subtext:'',
  x:'center',
  textStyle : {
  color: '#1b1b1b'
  }
  },
  tooltip : {
  trigger: 'item',
  formatter: '{b}'
  },
  toolbox: {
  show : true,
  orient : 'vertical',
  x: 'right',
  y: 'center',
  feature : {
  mark : {show: true},
  dataView : {show: true, readOnly: false},
  restore : {show: true},
  saveAsImage : {show: true}
  }
  },
  dataRange: {
  min : 0,
  show: false,
  max : 100,
  y: '60%',
  calculable : true,
  color: ['#ff3333', 'orange', 'yellow','lime','aqua']
  },

  series : [
  {
  type:'map',
  itemStyle:{
  normal:{
  borderColor:'rgba(100,149,237,1)',
  borderWidth: 0.5,
  areaStyle:{
  color: '#fff'
  }
  }
  },
  data:[],
  geoCoord: {'北京': [116.413554,39.911013],
'上海': [121.480237,31.236305],
'广州': [113.270793,23.135308],
'大连': [121.621391,38.919345],
'南宁': [108.373351,22.823037],
'南昌': [115.864528,28.687675],
'拉萨': [91.121025,29.650088],
'长春': [125.33017,43.82178],
'包头': [109.846755,40.663636],
'重庆': [106.557165,29.570997],
'常州': [119.58,31.47]},

  markLine : {
  smooth:true,
  effect : {
  show: true,
  scaleSize: 1,
  period: 30,
  color: '#fff',
  shadowBlur: 10
  },
  itemStyle : {
  color: 'red',
  normal: {
  borderWidth:1,
  lineStyle: {
  type: 'solid',
  shadowBlur: 10
  },
  label:{show:false}
  }
  },

  data : [
  [{name:'北京'}, {name:'上海',value: 10}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'广州',value: 50}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'大连',value: 10}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'南宁',value: 90}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'南昌',value:100}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'拉萨',value: 80}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'长春',value: 50}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'包头',value: 80}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'重庆',value:  0}],
[{name:'北京'}, {name:'常州',value:100}]
  ]
  },
  markPoint : {
  symbol:'emptyCircle',
  symbolSize : function (v){
  return 10 + v/10
  },
  effect : {
  show: true,
  shadowBlur : 0
  },
  itemStyle:{
  normal:{
  label:{show:true}
  }
  },
  data : [
  {name:'上海',value: 10},
{name:'广州',value: 50},
{name:'大连',value: 10},
{name:'南宁',value: 90},
{name:'南昌',value:100},
{name:'拉萨',value: 80},
{name:'长春',value: 50},
{name:'包头',value: 80},
{name:'重庆',value:  0},
{name:'常州',value:100}
  ]
  }
  }
  ]
  }
;
  myChart.setOption(optionID_20211223000944_48477);
  </script>
```
#### remapH绘制热力效果图

这个函数的特点是可以做中心辐射的热力图，这种热力图在气象、人口密度、海拔测绘领域有诸多运用，当然也可以用在商务场合------特别是跟地理信息有关的数据呈现方面。\
`remapH()`的各参数如下：

``` {.{r，eval=false}}
remapH(data,
       maptype = 'china',
       theme = get_theme("Dark"),
       blurSize = 30,
       color = c('blue'),
       minAlpha = 0.05,
       opacity = 1,
           )
```

**data**为要传入的数据，数据为三列，第一列为lon(经度)，第二列为lat(维度)，第三列为prob(密度/概率)\
**maptype**为要绘制的地图类型，可选有："china"，"world"或中国各省份名字\
**theme**为绘制的地图主题类型，可由get_theme函数传入，get_theme在下面会详解\
**blurSize**为热力效果的泛化范围，可调整热力点中心的扩散程度\
**color**为热力的渐变颜色\
**minAlpha**为热力点的展示阈值，对应data中的prob列，作图时各点密度会对比minAlpha，以凸显不同密度所展示的不同热力分布\
**opacity**为透明度，调整热力图的透明度

获取200个城市的PM2.5指数及经纬度，绘制热力图如下：

```{r}
air <- read.csv(file = "data/air.csv", header = T)
head(air)
```

```{r,eval=F}
theme1 <- get_theme(
  theme = "none",
  lineColor = "white",
  backgroundColor = "white",
  titleColor = "#fff",
  borderColor = "blue",
  regionColor = "grey",
  labelShow = T,
  pointShow = F,
  pointColor = "gold"
)
remapH(air,
  maptype = "china",
  theme = theme1,
  blurSize = 35,
  color = "red",
  minAlpha = 0.3,
  opacity = 1,
)
```

```{=html}
<div id="main3" style="width: 700px; height:466px;"></div>
  <script src="http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts.js"></script>
  <script src = "http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts-all.js"></script>
  <script>
  var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main3"));

  var heatData = [[121.3856774,41.05954614,0.361844359],
[113.499,22.285925,0.176389739],
[119.957365,36.78975,0.305614096],
[114.9962023,30.20217391,0.332742944],
[117.5387,36.7013,0.437349314],
[129.0924,47.97323333,0.10412342],
[116.7973,33.94026667,0.493282954],
[118.3739583,31.36784725,0.405229683],
[111.1328778,37.5149,0.426686722],
[125.94235,41.72685,0.195418195],
[114.0090185,32.98931481,0.510218519],
[111.47422,27.25482,0.3523319],
[106.7017971,26.55266858,0.217918015],
[110.4822747,29.22293975,0.211735979],
[91.7657,29.24615,0.015605062],
[117.4857,30.65853333,0.361189831],
[120.2750333,31.91430667,0.427108525],
[117.702063,36.2182926,0.592356608],
[109.97888,27.55854,0.249500856],
[103.21015,35.6018,0.365401998],
[103.7602,29.5738,0.368273556],
[114.4002111,36.08646667,0.646696818],
[119.9036111,32.43243056,0.394203963],
[109.4273055,24.32704618,0.314673914],
[114.8956,40.817,0.231101555],
[97,33.0014,0.06942812],
[114.92238,25.86134,0.288262013],
[111.2757,23.46215,0.276868645],
[115.3611667,38.786875,0.552973157],
[112.20255,31.0275086,0.469695419],
[118.3399451,35.05247506,0.420285044],
[114.8966278,30.4619111,0.319583177],
[102.2125,31.90816667,0.034588326],
[92.0581,31.47895,0.221676099],
[116.6398084,25.67351995,0.236646553],
[126.6518092,45.74024885,0.304476193],
[107.35885,22.39225,0.220608119],
[105.8648333,34.49786667,0.269653646],
[104.6405,30.133,0.275700127],
[94.36485,29.6504,0],
[122.83275,45.6232,0.192125774],
[106.1848295,37.97544487,0.295655776],
[112.5159,37.8505625,0.470051491],
[123.0427028,41.11737633,0.275557485],
[116.0003323,29.67551289,0.306589626],
[100.9048,36.9639,0.153774963],
[100.2281,26.87613333,0.073216344],
[102.9064746,35.0015277,0.210931686],
[118.8656667,28.96043333,0.239980557],
[113.8148148,34.01277778,0.547267454],
[116.72725,39.54475,0.427514772],
[107.52278,26.24056,0.16512164],
[124.12445,50.4243,0.091976458],
[120.8591732,40.7408054,0.322997957],
[122.207,29.99016667,0.131600691],
[99.16945,25.12045,0.126209664],
[102.27516,27.8656,0.120921112],
[94.45790667,29.73098667,0.540262298],
[104.1731,36.54695,0.284735718],
[117.127718,36.189343,0.429389218],
[103.85665,30.067125,0.277789072],
[104.61985,35.58445,0.313172542],
[114.3783,27.79756,0.298866361],
[98.85735,25.8492,0.155381126],
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[120.54215,31.8722,0.316335983],
[101.5431,25.04665,0.150520612],
[112.9846,28.20576,0.369988853]];
  var optionID_20211223001405_74556 =
  {

  backgroundColor: 'white',
  color: ['gold','aqua','lime'],
  title : {
  text: '',
  subtext:'',
  x:'center',
  textStyle : {
  color: '#fff'
  }
  },
  tooltip : {
  trigger: 'item',
  formatter: function (v) {
  if(v[2].tooltipValue!=null){
  return v[2].tooltipvalue;
  }else{
  return v[1];
  }
  }},
  dataRange: {
    show: false,
    min : 0,
    max : 100,
    calculable : true,
    color: ['#ff3333', 'orange', 'yellow','lime','aqua'],
    textStyle:{
      color:'#fff'
    }
  },
  legend: {
  show:false,
  orient: 'vertical',
  x:'left',
  data:['Data'],
  textStyle:{color:'backgroundColorData'}

  },
  toolbox: {
  show : true,
  orient : 'vertical',
  x: 'right',
  y: 'center',
  feature : {
  mark : {show: true},
  dataView : {show: true, readOnly: false},
  restore : {show: true},
  saveAsImage : {show: true}
  }
  },
  series : [
  {
  name:'Data',
  type:'map',
  mapType: 'china',
  roam: true,
  itemStyle:{
  normal:{
  borderColor:'blue',
  borderWidth: 0.5,
  label:{show:true,textStyle:{color:'#fff'}},
  areaStyle: {color: 'backgroundColorData'}
  },
  emphasis:{label:{show:true,textStyle:{color:'#fff'}}}
  },
  data:[]
  ,heatmap: {
                      blurSize:35 ,
                      colors:['red', 'white'] ,
                      minAlpha:0.3 ,
                      opacity:1 ,
                      data: heatData}
  
  
  }]
  }
;
  myChart.setOption(optionID_20211223001405_74556);
  </script>
```
#### remapC绘制填充地图

`remapC()`允许我们同时在一张地图上制作填充图和点图、线图。

```{r,eval=FALSE}
remapC(data,
  maptype = "china",
  markLineData = NULL,
  markPointData = NULL,
  color = c("#1e90ff", "#f0ffff"),
  theme = get_theme("Bright"),
  title = "",
  subtitle = "",
  markLineTheme = markLineControl(),
  markPointTheme = markPointControl(),
  geoData = NA,
  mindata = NA,
  maxdata = NA
)
```

主要参数：\
**data**为需要的原始数据框格式数据，共2列，第一列为省份或者城市名称，第二列为对应的数值，数值大小将决定地图颜色深浅。\
**maptype**为地图类型设置，可选world、china或者中国省份名称\
**color**为热力图渐变颜色，默认为2个颜色，第一个为终止色，第二个为初始色\
**mindata**与**maxdata**可以设置颜色极端点对应数据的上下限（默认是使用data中的数据最大值最小值作为两端极值）。

```{r,eval=F}
province <- mapNames("china") # 全国省份
value <- rnorm(34, 100, 30) # 随机生成分省值
mydata <- data.frame(province, value) # 合成数据框作图数据
remapC(mydata,
  maptype = "China", color = c("yellow", "red"),
  title = "全国分省图"
) # 制作等级图
```

```{=html}
<div id="main4" style="width: 700px; height:466px;"></div>
  <script src="http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts.js"></script>
  <script src = "http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts-all.js"></script>
  <script>
  var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main4"));

  var optionID_20211223002124_118480 = 
{
  backgroundColor: '#D9D9D9',
  color: ['gold','aqua','lime'],
  title : {
    text: '全国分省图',
    subtext:'',
    x:'center',
    textStyle : {
      color: '#1b1b1b'
    }
  },
  tooltip : {
    trigger: 'item',
    formatter: function (v) {
            if(typeof(v[2])=='number'){
            return(v[1]+': '+v[2])
            }else if(v[2].tooltipValue!=null){
            return v[2].tooltipValue;
          }else{
            return v[1];
          }
  }},
    legend: {
        show:false,
        orient: 'vertical',
        x:'left',
        data:['Data'],
        textStyle:{color:'#D9D9D9'}

    },
  toolbox: {
    show : true,
    orient : 'vertical',
    x: 'right',
    y: 'center',
    feature : {
      mark : {show: true},
      dataView : {show: true, readOnly: false},
      restore : {show: true},
      saveAsImage : {show: true}
    }
  },
  dataRange: {
    min : 22,
    max : 209,
    calculable : true,
    color: ['yellow', 'red'],
    textStyle:{
      color:'#1b1b1b'
    }
  },
  series : [
    {
    name:'Data',
    type:'map',
    mapType: 'china',
    itemStyle:{
    normal:{
    borderColor:'rgba(100,149,237,1)',
    borderWidth: 0.5,
    label:{show:true,textStyle:{color:'#1b1b1b'}},
    },
    emphasis:{label:{show:true,textStyle:{color:'#1b1b1b'}}}
  },
  data:[{name:'新疆',value: 99.16015},
        {name:'西藏',value: 96.01056},
        {name:'内蒙古',value:122.37526},
        {name:'青海',value: 96.69881},
        {name:'四川',value:116.71160},
        {name:'黑龙江',value:125.68131},
        {name:'甘肃',value: 32.68334},
        {name:'云南',value: 73.88564},
        {name:'广西',value:197.66872},
        {name:'湖南',value: 68.46319},
        {name:'陕西',value: 98.68463},
        {name:'广东',value:134.47487},
        {name:'吉林',value:127.04263},
        {name:'河北',value: 70.04408},
        {name:'湖北',value:117.02832},
        {name:'贵州',value: 93.24028},
        {name:'山东',value: 77.15386},
        {name:'江西',value:132.52203},
        {name:'河南',value: 58.84273},
        {name:'辽宁',value:119.98721},
        {name:'山西',value: 54.37361},
        {name:'安徽',value:125.20147},
        {name:'福建',value: 47.02378},
        {name:'浙江',value: 63.84055},
        {name:'江苏',value: 61.34687},
        {name:'重庆',value:100.89941},
        {name:'宁夏',value: 92.69678},
        {name:'海南',value:155.51616},
        {name:'台湾',value: 71.73297},
        {name:'北京',value: 60.77722},
        {name:'天津',value:116.54781},
        {name:'上海',value:115.86285},
        {name:'香港',value:128.03343},
        {name:'澳门',value:130.82322}]
  
  
  }]
}
;
  myChart.setOption(optionID_20211223002124_118480);
  </script>
```
模拟出广东省回流各省的人口数，使用填色地图表示人流规模，使用动态流向线表示回流最大的前10个省份。

```{r, eval=F, warning=FALSE}
province <- mapNames("china") # 全国省份
value <- round(rnorm(34, 1000, 30), 0) # 随机生成分省值
mydata <- data.frame(province, value) # 合并数据

lableper <- mydata[order(mydata[, "value"], decreasing = T), ][1:10, ]
origin <- rep("广州", length(lableper))
destination <- lableper$province
line_data <- data.frame(origin, destination)

remapC(mydata,
  title = "广东省人口迁徙地图",
  theme = get_theme("Dark"),
  color = c("#CD0000", "#FFEC8B"),
  markLineData = line_data,
  markLineTheme = markLineControl(color = "white", lineWidth = 2, lineType = "dashed"),
  markPointData = line_data[2],
  markPointTheme = markPointControl(
    symbolSize = 13, effect = T, effectType = "scale",
    color = "white"
  )
```

```{=html}
<div id="main5" style="width: 700px; height:466px;"></div>
  <script src="http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts.js"></script>
  <script src = "http://echarts.baidu.com/build/dist/echarts-all.js"></script>
  <script>
  var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main5"));

  var optionID_20211223002722_1789 =
{
  backgroundColor: '#1b1b1b',
  color: ['gold','aqua','lime'],
  title : {
    text: '广东省人口迁徙地图',
    subtext:'',
    x:'center',
    textStyle : {
      color: '#fff'
    }
  },
  tooltip : {
    trigger: 'item',
    formatter: function (v) {
         if(typeof(v[2])=='number'){
         return(v[1]+': '+v[2])
         }else if(v[2].tooltipValue!=null){
             return v[2].tooltipValue;
          }else{
            return v[1];
          }
  }},
    legend: {
        show:false,
        orient: 'vertical',
        x:'left',
        data:['Data'],
         textStyle:{color:'#1b1b1b'}

    },
  toolbox: {
    show : true,
    orient : 'vertical',
    x: 'right',
    y: 'center',
    feature : {
      mark : {show: true},
      dataView : {show: true, readOnly: false},
      restore : {show: true},
      saveAsImage : {show: true}
    }
  },
  dataRange: {
    min : 937,
    max : 1035,
    calculable : true,
    color: ['#CD0000', '#FFEC8B'],
    textStyle:{
      color:'#fff'
    }
  },
  series : [
    {
    name:'Data',
    type:'map',
    mapType: 'china',
    itemStyle:{
    normal:{
    borderColor:'rgba(100,149,237,1)',
    borderWidth: 0.5,
    label:{show:true,textStyle:{color:'#fff'}},
    },
    emphasis:{label:{show:true,textStyle:{color:'#fff'}}}
  },
  data:[{name:'新疆',value: 966},
     {name:'西藏',value: 946},
     {name:'内蒙古',value: 974},
     {name:'青海',value: 961},
     {name:'四川',value: 943},
     {name:'黑龙江',value:1001},
     {name:'甘肃',value: 964},
     {name:'云南',value:1011},
     {name:'广西',value:1000},
     {name:'湖南',value: 982},
     {name:'陕西',value:1005},
     {name:'广东',value: 986},
     {name:'吉林',value: 981},
     {name:'河北',value:1028},
     {name:'湖北',value: 988},
     {name:'贵州',value: 994},
     {name:'山东',value:1012},
     {name:'江西',value:1008},
     {name:'河南',value: 995},
     {name:'辽宁',value:1024},
     {name:'山西',value: 962},
     {name:'安徽',value: 989},
     {name:'福建',value: 958},
     {name:'浙江',value:1004},
     {name:'江苏',value: 988},
     {name:'重庆',value: 971},
     {name:'宁夏',value:1003},
     {name:'海南',value: 966},
     {name:'台湾',value:1004},
     {name:'北京',value: 945},
     {name:'天津',value: 966},
     {name:'上海',value:1029},
     {name:'香港',value:1017},
     {name:'澳门',value: 955}]

  ,markLine : {
    Symbol:['none', 'arrow'],
    symbolSize:['2', '4'],
    smooth:true,
    smooth:0.2,
    effect : {
      show: true,
      scaleSize: 1,
      period: 30,
      color: '#fff',
      shadowBlur: 10
    },
    itemStyle : {
      color: 'red',
      normal: {
        color:'white',
        borderWidth:1,
        lineStyle: {
          type: 'dashed',
          width: 2,
          shadowBlur: 10
        },
        label:{show:false}
      }
    },

    data : [[{name:'广州'}, {name:'上海',value:49}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'河北',value:76}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'辽宁',value:88}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'香港',value:43}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'山东',value:46}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'云南',value:25}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'江西',value: 9}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'陕西',value:14}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'浙江',value:35}],
[{name:'广州'}, {name:'台湾',value:81}]]},
    geoCoord:{'河北': [114.5366,38.04320],
'辽宁': [123.4356,41.84147],
'香港': [114.1815,22.28293],
'山东': [117.0274,36.67486],
'云南': [102.7164,25.05156],
'江西': [115.9154,28.68169],
'陕西': [108.9604,34.27581],
'浙江': [120.1595,30.27155],
'台湾': [118.1393,24.50203],
'广州': [113.2708,23.13531],
'上海': [121.4802,31.23631]
    }

  ,markPoint : {
        symbol:'emptyCircle',
      symbolSize :13,
      effect : {
        show: true,
        type: 'scale',
        shadowBlur : 0
      },
      itemStyle:{
      normal:{
        label:{show:false},
        color:'white'
      },
      emphasis: {
        label:{show:false}
      }
      },
      data : [{name:'上海',value:63,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'河北',value:56,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'辽宁',value:52,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'香港',value:56,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'山东',value:52,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'云南',value: 9,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'江西',value:29,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'陕西',value: 6,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'浙江',value:71,symbol:'emptyCircle'},
{name:'台湾',value:10,symbol:'emptyCircle'}
      ]},
      geoCoord:{'河北': [114.5366,38.04320],
'辽宁': [123.4356,41.84147],
'香港': [114.1815,22.28293],
'山东': [117.0274,36.67486],
'云南': [102.7164,25.05156],
'江西': [115.9154,28.68169],
'陕西': [108.9604,34.27581],
'浙江': [120.1595,30.27155],
'台湾': [118.1393,24.50203],
'广州': [113.2708,23.13531],
'上海': [121.4802,31.23631]
                  }

  }]
}
;
  myChart.setOption(optionID_20211223002722_1789);
  </script>
```