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Misc Hints and Tips for the Raspberry Pi

A batch of useful and other things...

Useful soft

Find the Serial port of your GPS (or whatever)

  • Run raspberry-sailor/NMEA-multiplexer/find.port.sh

ad-hoc / hotspot networking:

Option 1

See https://pyshine.com/How-to-configure-Raspberry-Pi-in-Ad-hoc-wifi-mode/

Option 2

That one sort of works (from https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=24615):

wpa_cli terminate
sudo ifconfig wlan0 down
sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode ad-hoc
sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid my-adhoc-name
# sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid my-adhoc-name key s:net-pwsd
# sudo iwconfig wlan0 key s:net-pwsd
sudo iwconfig wlan0 channel 1
sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

Option 3 - My preferred one

Also look at this, in the same repo.

To know what release you're running on:

$ lsb_release -a

See https://www.raspberryconnect.com/projects/65-raspberrypi-hotspot-accesspoints/168-raspberry-pi-hotspot-access-point-dhcpcd-method, that one uses hostapd and dnsmasq. Works fine.
May need, to begin with:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

This way, it works even on a Raspberry Pi A+.

Note: in /etc/dnsmasq.conf:

# RPiHotspot config - No Internet
interface=wlan0
bind-dynamic
domain-needed
bogus-priv
dhcp-range=192.168.50.150,192.168.50.200,255.255.255.0,12h

To disable the HotSpot (and get back to a regular Internet config):

sudo systemctl disable dnsmasq
sudo systemctl disable hostapd

Then comment the lines at the bottom of /etc/dhcpcd.conf: (do not forget the c in "dhcpcd.conf")

#
# Static HotSpot
# interface wlan0
# nohook wpa_supplicant
# static ip_address=192.168.50.10/24
# static routers=192.168.50.1

To re-enable the HotSpot: Uncomment the 4 lines at the bottom of /etc/dhcpcd.conf (see above):

sudo systemctl unmask hostapd
sudo systemctl enable hostapd
#
sudo systemctl unmask dnsmasq
sudo systemctl enable dnsmasq

Status:

sudo service hostapd status
sudo service dnsmasq status

Also see the doc here

Option 4

See this script: https://gist.github.com/atlury/fe0ea8b91a981c103df7

Backup / Restore SD card

See here.

On Mac OS:

$ diskutil list

Then once the drive is identified

$ sudo dd if=/dev/disk3 of=~/PiSDBackup.dmg  [bs=1m]

Or

$ sudo dd if=/dev/disk3 | gzip -c > backup.raspian.img.gz   << Preferred

The dd command does not produce any output,... and it can take time (1630 seconds here), be patient:

$ sudo time dd if=/dev/disk4 | gzip -c > raspi.backup.img.gz
Password:
31291392+0 records in
31291392+0 records out
16021192704 bytes transferred in 1629.770212 secs (9830338 bytes/sec)
     1629.78 real        35.11 user       219.39 sys

then

$ diskutil eject /dev/disk3

Same thing, another way

See at https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/linux/filesystem/backup.md
Also: https://thepihut.com/blogs/raspberry-pi-tutorials/17789160-backing-up-and-restoring-your-raspberry-pis-sd-card

$ diskutil list
/dev/disk0 (internal, physical):
#:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *500.3 GB   disk0
1:                        EFI EFI                     209.7 MB   disk0s1
2:          Apple_CoreStorage Macintosh HD            499.4 GB   disk0s2
3:                 Apple_Boot Recovery HD             650.0 MB   disk0s3
/dev/disk1 (internal, virtual):
#:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
0:                  Apple_HFS Macintosh HD           +499.1 GB   disk1
Logical Volume on disk0s2
CED0CEAE-78CD-419D-A636-9EFF60EDBB93
Unlocked Encrypted
/dev/disk2 (internal, physical):
#:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
0:     FDisk_partition_scheme                        *15.5 GB    disk2
1:             Windows_FAT_16 RECOVERY                1.2 GB     disk2s1
2:                      Linux                         33.6 MB    disk2s5
3:             Windows_FAT_32 boot                    66.1 MB    disk2s6
4:                      Linux                         14.3 GB    disk2s7

$ sudo dd if=/dev/disk2 | gzip -c > backup.raspian.img.gz   << Preferred

Or

$ sudo dd if=/dev/disk1 of=~/SDCardBackup.img

then

$ diskutil eject /dev/disk1

Restore backup:

$ diskutil list
$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk2
$ sudo dd if=backup.my.sdcard-18-oct-2015.img.gz of=/dev/disk2

### Restores compressed image and write /dev/disk2 ###
$ sudo sh -c 'gunzip -c backup.disk.img.dd.gz | dd of=/dev/disk2’
## or just
$ gunzip -c backup.disk.img.dd.gz | sudo dd of=/dev/disk2

Or use Etcher (recommended). << Preferred (use the gz file)

Backup:
From the Raspberry Pi Graphical Desktop, use the SD Card Copier. Just make sure the card is not locked (write protected).

Note: diskutil equivalent on Linux is fdisk, diskutil unmountDisk equivalent would be unmount.

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