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1. Vim edit error

sudo apt-get install vim-gui-common
sudo apt-get install vim-runtime
vim ~/.vimrc

" ~/.vimrc

set number
set tabstop=4
set ignorecase
set hlsearch
set fileencodings=utf-8,euc-kr
set bs=indent,eol,start
set ruler
set title
set showmatch
set nowrap
set wmnu
syntax on

2. Install OpenCV 4.5.1 on RPI

  1. opencv 가 이미 설치되어있다면 삭제
$ pkg-config --modversion opencv
$ sudo apt-get purge  libopencv* python-opencv
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
  1. 업데이트
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
  1. 컴파일에 필요한 관련 라이브러리 설치
$ sudo apt install build-essential cmake
$ sudo apt install libjpeg-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libpng-dev
$ sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libxine2-dev
$ sudo apt install libv4l-dev v4l-utils
$ sudo apt install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly
$ sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev
$ sudo apt install mesa-utils libgl1-mesa-dri libgtkgl2.0-dev libgtkglext1-dev
$ sudo apt install libatlas-base-dev gfortran libeigen3-dev
$ sudo apt install python3-dev python3-numpy

3-1. 가상환경 설정

$ sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
$ sudo rm -rf ~/.cache/pip

$ echo -e "\n# virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.profile

$ source ~/.profile

$ mkvirtualenv cv -p python3

가상환경은 아래 명령어를 통해 진입할 수 있다.

$ source ~/.profile
$ workon cv
  1. opencv 설치
$ mkdir opencv
$ cd opencv
$ wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.5.1.zip
$ unzip opencv.zip
$ wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.5.1.zip
$ unzip opencv_contrib.zip
  1. 컴파일
$ cd opencv-4.5.1
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-4.5.1/modules
$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=OFF -D WITH_IPP=OFF -D WITH_1394=OFF -D BUILD_WITH_DEBUG_INFO=OFF -D BUILD_DOCS=OFF -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF -D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF -D ENABLE_NEON=ON -D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON -D WITH_QT=OFF -D WITH_GTK=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-4.5.1/modules -D WITH_V4L=ON -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON -D WITH_XINE=ON -D ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF -D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON ../
  1. 메모리 확장
$ sudo vi /etc/dphys-swapfile

CONF_SWAPSIZE=100 -> CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048 고쳐서 저장

$ sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile restart
  1. 다시 컴파일
$ make -j4

j4 명령어를 이용해 쿼드코어로 컴파일하면 대략 70분 정도가 소요됨. 싱글코어 이용시 4시간 정도 걸림.

  1. 설치
$ sudo make install
$ sudo ldconfig
  1. 확인
$ python3
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'4.5.1'
>>>

9-1. 가상환경에 설치했다면 심볼릭 링킹을 해준다.

$ cd ~/.virtualenv/cv/lib/python3.9/site-package/
$ ln -s /user/local/lib/python3.9/site-package/cv2.so cv2.so